阅读P314的例10.1(电子版的在平台上见txt文件)。该例实现了一个复数类,但是美中不足的是,复数类的实部和虚部都固定是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段,设计Complex,使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时用的实际类型。
(1)要求类成员函数在类外定义。
(2)在此基础上,再实现减法、乘法和除法
你可以使用的main()函数如下。
int main( )
{ Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6;
c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
system("pause");
return 0;
}
解答:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class Complex
{
public:
Complex( ){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(T r,T i){real=r;imag=i;}
Complex complex_add(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_sub(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_mul(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_div(Complex &c2);
void display( );
private:
T real;
T imag;
};
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_add(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real+c2.real;
c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_sub(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real-c2.real;
c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
return c;
}
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_mul(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real;
return c;
}
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_div(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c;
c.real=(real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag)/(c2.imag*c2.imag+c2.real+c2.real);
c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.imag*c2.imag+c2.real+c2.real);
return c;
}
template <class T>
void Complex<T>::display( )
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6,c7,c8,c9;
c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display();
c7=c4.complex_sub(c5);
cout<<"c4-c5";
c7.display();
c8=c4.complex_mul(c5);
cout<<"c4*c5";
c5.display();
c9=c4.complex_div(c5);
cout<<"c4/c5";
c9.display();
system("pause");
return 0;
}