1003. Check If Word Is Valid After Substitutions**

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本文详细解析了LeetCode上的1003题Check If Word Is Valid After Substitutions，介绍了一种使用栈（具体为vector）进行字符串有效性的检查方法。通过示例说明了如何通过插入abc到任意有效字符串中生成新的有效字符串，并提供了C++代码实现。

1003. Check If Word Is Valid After Substitutions**

https://leetcode.com/problems/check-if-word-is-valid-after-substitutions/

题目描述

We are given that the string "abc" is valid.

From any valid string V, we may split V into two pieces X and Y such that X + Y (X concatenated with Y) is equal to V. (X or Y may be empty.) Then, X + "abc" + Y is also valid.

If for example S = "abc", then examples of valid strings are: "abc", "aabcbc", "abcabc", "abcabcababcc". Examples of invalid strings are: "abccba", "ab", "cababc", "bac".

Return true if and only if the given string S is valid.

Example 1:

Input: "aabcbc"
Output: true
Explanation: 
We start with the valid string "abc".
Then we can insert another "abc" between "a" and "bc", resulting in "a" + "abc" + "bc" which is "aabcbc".

Example 2:

Input: "abcabcababcc"
Output: true
Explanation: 
"abcabcabc" is valid after consecutive insertings of "abc".
Then we can insert "abc" before the last letter, resulting in "abcabcab" + "abc" + "c" which is "abcabcababcc".

Example 3:

Input: "abccba"
Output: false

Example 4:

Input: "cababc"
Output: false

Note:

1 <= S.length <= 20000
S[i] is 'a', 'b', or 'c'

C++ 实现 1

参考: [Java/Python/C++] Stack Solution O(N)

使用 vector 来模拟栈, 当遍历访问到 c 时, 需要判断 stack 中是否已经有 a 和 b 的存在.

class Solution {
public:
    bool isValid(string S) {
        vector<char> stack;
        for (char c : S) {
            if (c == 'c') {
                int n = stack.size();
                if (n < 2 || stack[n - 1] != 'b' || stack[n - 2] != 'a') return false;
                stack.pop_back(), stack.pop_back();
            } else {
                stack.push_back(c);
            }
        }
        return stack.size() == 0;
    }
};