安卓使用AIDL进程跨进程通信

1、创建AIDL文件夹及文件，点击app > New > AIDL > AIDL File

 

2、将IMyAidlInterface删除后，在AIDL包内（该包文件夹结构与项目文件夹结构相同）创建Student.aidl和IStudentManager.aidl

3、编写Student.java，因为要该类的数据要跨进程传输所以要实现Parcelable接口。

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

public class Student implements Parcelable {
    public int studentNumber;
    public String studentName;


    public Student(int studentNumber, String studentName) {
        this.studentNumber = studentNumber;
        this.studentName = studentName;
    }

    public Student(Parcel source) {
        studentNumber = source.readInt();
        studentName = source.readString();
    }

    public static final Creator<Student> CREATOR = new Creator<Student>(){

        @Override
        public Student createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
            return new Student(source);
        }

        @Override
        public Student[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Student[size];
        }
    };


    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeInt(studentNumber);
        dest.writeString(studentName);
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student ：" +
                "studentNumber=" + studentNumber +
                ", studentName='" + studentName + '\'';
    }
}

4、编写Student.aidl，每个实现了Parcelable接口的类都要创建相应的aidl文件并将该类声明为Parcelable，以确保能跨进程传输，要手动加入完整包名，该包名是aidl下的包名。

 

4、编写StudentManager.aidl，声明一些操作数据的方法，in表示为输入型参数，out表示输出型参数，inout表示输入输出型参数，import进来的类是aidl下的类。

5、Rebuild project，将文件浏览模式切换为“Android”，如果在java(generated)目录下看得到自动生成的文件的话，说明AIDL文件创建成功。

 

6、编写服务端，StudentManagerService.java

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import com.example.mydemos.IStudentManager;
import com.example.mydemos.bean.Student;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

public class StudentManagerService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "Aidl-Service";
    //    CopyOnWriteArrayList支持并发读写，自动进行线程同步
    private CopyOnWriteArrayList<Student> mStudentList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList();
    
    //    Binder对象用来与客户端通信
    private Binder mBinder = new IStudentManager.Stub() {
        @Override
        public List<Student> getStudentList() throws RemoteException {
            return mStudentList;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean addStudent(Student student) throws RemoteException {
            return mStudentList.add(student);
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mStudentList.add(new Student(1000, "凌某"));
        mStudentList.add(new Student(1002, "刘某"));
    }

    // 将Binder对象返回给客户端
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        running = false;
    }
}

7、编写客户端，AidlActivity.java

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import com.example.mydemos.IStudentManager;
import com.example.mydemos.R;
import com.example.mydemos.base.BaseActivityForLog;
import com.example.mydemos.bean.Student;


import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;

import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.util.List;


public class AidlActivity extends BaseActivityForLog {
    private static final String TAG = "Aidl-Client";

    private IStudentManager studentManager;
    private Handler myHandler;

    //    The ServiceConnection object is used to establish a connection with the server
    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
//            将Binder对象转换成服务端的StudentManager对象，用以远程调用方法。
            studentManager = IStudentManager.Stub.asInterface(service);
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            try {
          
                List<Student> list = studentManager.getStudentList();
                Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected: query student list, list type is" + list.getClass().getCanonicalName());
                for (Student student : list)
                    stringBuilder.append(student.studentName).append("，");

                addLog("query student list from server, student is " + stringBuilder.toString());
                Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected: query student list : " + list.toString());
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            studentManager = null;
        }

    };




    @NotNull
    @Override
    public String setTitle() {
        return "AidlActivity";
    }


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//        启动Aidl服务端
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, StudentManagerService.class);
        bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        addLog(getString(R.string.see_server));
        myHandler = new MyHandler(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(mConnection);
    }
    
    private static class MyHandler extends Handler {
        WeakReference<Activity> activityWeakReference;

        MyHandler(Activity activity) {
            activityWeakReference = new WeakReference<>(activity);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            BaseActivityForLog activity = (BaseActivityForLog) activityWeakReference.get();

            String m = (String) msg.obj;
            activity.addLog("onNewStudentArrived " + m);
        }
    }
}

8、在AndroidManifest.xml中添加BookManagerService

  <service
            android:name=".yishutansuo.ipc.aidl.StudentManagerService"
            android:process=":aidl_server" />