SQL试题整理

1 查询每门课程成绩都大于80分学生的学号 
数据库 表 student
name course score
A   语文   85
A     数学   75
A   英语   80
B   语文   86
B   数学   98

C   语文   81

C   数学   88

C   英语   90

--创建表a

create table a(
name varchar(10),
course varchar(10),
score int
)

--插入数据到表a中
insert into a values('A','语文',85);
insert into a values('A','数学',75);

insert into a values('A','英语',80);

insert into a values('B','语文',86);
insert into a values('B','数学',98);

insert into a values('C','语文',81);

insert into a values('C','数学',88);
insert into a values('C','英语',90);

--用一条SQL语句查询出每门课都大于80分的学生姓名

select distinct name from a where name not in (select distinct name from a where score<=80);

select name from a group by name having count(score) =sum(case  when score>80 then 1 else 0 end );

select name from a group by name having min(score)>=80;

2.一个表中有name，age，score三个字段，查询年龄大于20岁的分数前5名的平均成绩

select  avg(score ) from(select top 5 * from t  where age>20 order by score desc) a;

select avg(score) from (select * from table where age>20 order by score desc limit 5) as a;

  #MySQL
select avg(score) from table where age>20 order by score desc limit 5;





3、有A B C三列,用SQL语句实现：当A列大于B列时选择A列否则选择B列

select (case when a>b then a else b end ),

(case when b>c then b esle c end)
from table_name

drop table table1
create table table1(
	a int,
	b int,
	c int
)
insert into table1 values(22,24,23)

select * from table1

select (case when a>b then a else b end),(case when b>c then b else c end)
from table1

select (case when a>b then a
			 when a>c then a
			 when b>c then b else c
			 end)
from table1

3、 统计胜负结果的SQL语句

一道SQL语句面试题，关于group by
表内容：
2015-05-09 胜
2015-05-09 胜
2015-05-09 负
2015-05-09 负
2015-05-10 胜
2015-05-10 负
2015-05-10 负

如果要生成下列结果, 该如何写sql语句?

           胜 负
2015-05-09 2  2

2015-05-10 1  2

--创建表（表示建立一个临时表#tmp，在过程结束，会把该表释放掉，不会存储到数据库）
create table #tmp (
rq varchar(10),
shengfu nchar(1)
)
--插入数据
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-09','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-09','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-09','负')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-09','负')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-10','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-10','负')
insert into #tmp values('2015-05-10','负')


--查询表中数据
select * from #tmp
--查询需要得到的结果
select rq as ' ',SUM(case when shengfu='胜' then 1 else 0 end) '胜',SUM(case when shengfu='负' then 1 else 0 end) '负'
from #tmp 
group by rq


或者(但不是很推荐这样写)
select rq ,SUM(case shengfu when '胜' then 1 else 0 end) '胜',SUM(case shengfu when '负' then 1 else 0 end) '负'
from #tmp
group by rq

select date,(select count(*) from table1 where date = t.date and result = '胜') as '胜'
,(select count(*) from table1 where date = t.date and result = '负') as '负'
 from table1 as t group by date;