【Mybatis】一对一，一对多，多对多映射

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-15 15:55:45 发布

evan_qb

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-15 15:55:45 发布

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分类专栏： Java学习 # mybatis 文章标签： mybatis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Evan_QB/article/details/78598232

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Mybatis和Hibernate的映射关系差不多，都有一对一，一对多，多对多，但其实现方式却不同,mybatis主要还是以sql语句为主，而hibernate以映射文件onetoone进行配置相应的属性。

一对一

我们以学生和身份证为例子

创建实体类Card

package cn.qblank.one2one;

public class Card {
	private Integer id;
	private String num;
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getNum() {
		return num;
	}
	public void setNum(String num) {
		this.num = num;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Card [id=" + id + ", num=" + num + "]";
	}
	
}

Student类

package cn.qblank.one2one;

public class Student {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Card card;
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Card getCard() {
		return card;
	}
	public void setCard(Card card) {
		this.card = card;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", card=" + card + "]";
	}
}

在数据库中创建对应的表

-- 创建学生表
CREATE TABLE t_student(
	sid INT,
	sname VARCHAR(20),
	scid INT
)
-- 创建身份证表
CREATE TABLE t_card(
	cid INT,
	cnum VARCHAR(20)
)

创建对应的映射文件

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.one2one.Student">
	<resultMap type="student" id="studentMap">
		<result property="id" column="sid"/>
		<result property="name" column="sname"/>
		<!-- 引入CardMapper.xml文件中的映射信息 
			 property表示Student类的关联属性
			 resultMap表示引入CardMapper.xml文件的映射类型
		-->
		<association property="card" resultMap="cn.qblank.one2one.Card.cardMap"></association>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- 通过id查询 -->
	<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
		SELECT s.sid,s.sname,c.cnum 
		FROM t_student s 
		INNER JOIN t_card c 
		ON s.scid = c.cid
		AND s.sid = #{id};
	</select>
	<!-- 通过姓名查询 -->
	<select id="findByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="studentMap">
		SELECT s.sid,s.sname,c.cnum
		FROM t_student s INNER JOIN t_card c
		ON s.scid = c.cid
		AND s.sname = #{name};
	</select>
</mapper>

CardMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.one2one.Card">
	<resultMap type="cn.qblank.one2one.Card" id="cardMap">
		<result property="id" column="cid"/>
		<result property="num" column="cnum"/>
	</resultMap>
</mapper>

将其配置到主配置文件mybatis.xml文件中

<mapper resource="cn/qblank/one2one/StudentMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="cn/qblank/one2one/CardMapper.xml"/>

然后在StudentCardDao类中写封装对应的方法

/**
 * 查询1号学生的信息
 * @param id
 */
public Student findById(int id) throws Exception {
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try {
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectOne(Student.class.getName() + ".findById",id);
		
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	} finally {
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}

/**
 * 通过姓名查学生信息
 * @param name
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public Student findByName(String name) throws Exception{
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try {
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectOne(Student.class.getName() + ".findByName",name);
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	} finally {
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}

一对多

以班级和学生来做例子

创建实体类Student和Grade

Student类

package cn.qblank.one2many;
/**
 * 学生
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class Student {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Grade grade;
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Grade getGrade() {
		return grade;
	}
	public void setGrade(Grade grade) {
		this.grade = grade;
	}
	
}

Grade类

package cn.qblank.one2many;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 班级
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class Grade {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private List<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public List<Student> getStuList() {
		return stuList;
	}
	public void setStuList(List<Student> stuList) {
		this.stuList = stuList;
	}
}

创建对应表

-- 班级
CREATE TABLE t_grades(
	gid INT(5) PRIMARY KEY,
	gname VARCHAR(10)	
);
-- 学生
CREATE TABLE t_stu(
	sid INT(5) PRIMARY KEY,
	sname VARCHAR(10),	
	sgid INT(5),
	CONSTRAINT sgid_fk FOREIGN KEY(sgid) REFERENCES t_grades(gid)
);

创建对应映射文件StudentMapper.xml和GrapeMapper.xml

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.one2many.Student">
	<resultMap type="cn.qblank.one2many.Student" id="studentMap">
		<result property="id" column="sid"/>
		<result property="name" column="sname"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- 查询156班有哪些学生信息 -->
	<select id="findAllByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="studentMap">
		SELECT s.sid,s.sname
		FROM t_stu s INNER JOIN t_grades g
		ON s.sgid = g.gid
		AND g.gname = #{name};
	</select>
</mapper>

GradeMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.one2many.Grade">
	<resultMap type="cn.qblank.one2many.Grade" id="gradeMap">
		<result property="id" column="gid"/>
		<result property="name" column="gname"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- 查询evan_qb是哪个班的 -->
	<select id="findByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="gradeMap">
		SELECT g.gname
		FROM t_stu s INNER JOIN t_grades g 
		ON s.sgid = g.gid
		AND s.sname = #{name};
	</select>
	
</mapper>

在主文件mybatis.xml中加载两文件

<mapper resource="cn/qblank/one2many/GradeMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="cn/qblank/one2many/StudentMapper.xml"/>

然后封装对应的方法到StuGraDao类中

/**
 * 查询156班有哪些人
 * @param name 班级名
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public List<Student> findAllByName(String name) throws Exception{
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try {
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectList(Student.class.getName() + ".findAllByName",name);
		
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	} finally {
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}

/**
 * 查询evan_qb是哪个班的
 * @param name 学生姓名
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public Grade findByName(String name) throws Exception{
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try {
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectOne(Grade.class.getName() + ".findByName",name);
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	} finally {
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}

多对多

以学生和课程为例

创建实体类Student和Course

Student类

package cn.qblank.many2many;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Student {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>();
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public List<Course> getCourseList() {
		return courseList;
	}
	public void setCourseList(List<Course> courseList) {
		this.courseList = courseList;
	}
}

Course类

package cn.qblank.many2many;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Course {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private List<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public List<Student> getStuList() {
		return stuList;
	}
	public void setStuList(List<Student> stuList) {
		this.stuList = stuList;
	}
}

创建对应的数据库表

-- 学生表
CREATE TABLE t_stus(
	sid INT PRIMARY KEY,
	sname VARCHAR(20)
);

-- 课程表
CREATE TABLE t_courses(
	cid INT PRIMARY KEY,
	cname VARCHAR(20)
);

-- 中间表
CREATE TABLE middle(
	msid INT,
	mcid INT
);

然后创建对应的映射文件StudentMapper.xml和CourseMapper.xml

StudentMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.many2many.Student">
	<resultMap type="cn.qblank.many2many.Student" id="studentMap">
		<result property="id" column="sid"/>
		<result property="name" column="sname"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- 查询某课程有哪些学生信息 -->
	<select id="findAllByCourseName" parameterType="string" resultMap="studentMap">
		SELECT s.sname
		FROM t_stus s INNER JOIN middle m ON
		s.sid = m.msid INNER JOIN t_courses c
		ON m.mcid = c.cid
		AND c.cname= #{name};
	</select>
</mapper>

CourseMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.qblank.many2many.Course">
	<resultMap type="cn.qblank.many2many.Course" id="courseMap">
		<result property="id" column="cid"/>
		<result property="name" column="cname"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	
	<!-- 查询某学生有选了哪些课 -->
	<select id="findAllByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="courseMap">
		SELECT c.cname
		FROM t_stus s INNER JOIN middle m ON
		s.sid = m.msid INNER JOIN t_courses c
		ON m.mcid = c.cid
		AND s.sname = #{name};
	</select>
</mapper>

在主文件mybatis.xml中加载文件

<mapper resource="cn/qblank/many2many/StudentMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="cn/qblank/many2many/CourseMapper.xml"/>

在CourseStuDao类中封装相应的方法

/**
 * 查询某人选学了哪些课程
 * @param name 表示学生的姓名
 */
public List<Course> findAllByName(String name) throws Exception{
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try{
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectList(Course.class.getName() + ".findAllByName",name);
	}catch(Exception e){
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	}finally{
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}
/**
 * 查询某课程有哪些学生选修
 * @param name 表示学生的课程
 */
public List<Student> findAllByCourseName(String name) throws Exception{
	SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	try{
		sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
		return sqlSession.selectList(Student.class.getName() + ".findAllByCourseName",name);
	}catch(Exception e){
		e.printStackTrace();
		throw e;
	}finally{
		MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
	}
}

就完成了mybatis的一对一，一对多，多对多的配置，通过配置我们可以发现，主要还是对sql语句的应用，所以学习mybatis还需对数据库的语句有一定的熟悉