hibernate实体关系映射

几种实体间的关系：

• 一对一：有两种方式
  • 主键关联：从表的主键同时又是主表的外键。从表没有单独的外键列。
    • 主表对应类

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.ManBean"table="man">

<id name="id">

<generator class="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="manName"column="manName"></property>

<!--关联表  name表示属性名   class为该属性的类型

 casecade表示对主表对象操作时，从表是否做级联操作-->                

<one-to-one name="code"class="com.lovo.bean.CodeBean"

cascade="all"></one-to-one>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

• 从表对应类

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.CodeBean"table="t_code">

<id name="id">

<!--froeign表示该主键同时也是外键 -->

<generator class="foreign">

<!--man为属性名，表示该主键由ManBean对象的主键生成-->

<paramname="property">man</param>

</generator>

</id>

<property name="codeName"column="codeName"></property>

<!--constrained表示该表的主键存在外键约束

lazy="false"表示取消延迟加载，查询该对象时，关联对象立即查询-->

<one-to-one name="man"class="com.lovo.bean.ManBean"

constrained="true"lazy="false"></one-to-one>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

 

• 外键关联：从表中存在外键列，关联主表的主键列。单外键列是不重复
  • 主表对应类

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.UserBean"table="t_user">

<id name="id">

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="userName"column="userName"></property>

<property name="birthday"column="birthday"></property>

<!-- inverse表示 -->

<set name="roomSet"inverse="true">

<!-- 配置从表的外键 -->

<key column="userId"></key>

<!-- 集合中存放元素的类型 -->

<one-to-manyclass="com.lovo.bean.RoomBean"/>

</set>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

• 从表 对应类

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.CodeBean"table="t_code">

<id name="id">

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="codeName"column="codeName"></property>

<!-- 唯一外键关联，是多对一的特列。 unique表示外键列是唯一的 column为外键列名 -->

<many-to-onename="man" class="com.lovo.bean.ManBean"unique="true"  column="manId"></many-to-one>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

• 一对多：
  • 主表

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.UserBean"table="t_user">

<id name="id">

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="userName"column="userName"></property>

<property name="birthday"column="birthday"></property>

<set name="roomSet"inverse="true">

<!-- 配置从表的外键 -->

<key column="userId"></key>

<!-- 集合中存放元素的类型 -->

<one-to-manyclass="com.lovo.bean.RoomBean"/>

</set>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

从表对应类

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.RoomBean"table="t_room">

<id name="id">

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="address"column="address"></property>

<property name="price"column="price"></property>

<many-to-one name="user"class="com.lovo.bean.UserBean"

 column="userId"lazy="false"></many-to-one>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

• 多对多：主表与从表之间必须要有一个中间表

RoleBean：id; roleName ; gradeSet= new HashSet();

GradeBean : id; gradeName ; roleSet

t_role : id primary key auto_increment ;roleName;  gradeId

t_grade:  idprimary key auto_increment ; gradeName; roleId

t_role_grade: id primary key auto_increment ; roleId; gradeId

 

RoleBean.hbm.xml:

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.RoleBean"table="t_role">

<idname="id">                

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="roleName"column="roleName"></property>

<set name="gradeSet"table="t_role_grade">

<!--当前对象对应中间表的外键列 -->

<key column="roleId"></key>

<many-to-many class="com.lovo.bean.GradeBean"column="gradeId"></many-to-many>        

</set>                                

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

GradeBean.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.lovo.bean.GradeBean"table="t_grade">

<idname="id">                

<generatorclass="native"></generator>

</id>

<property name="gradeName"column="gradeName"></property>

<set name="roleSet"table="t_role_grade">

<key column="gradeId"></key>

<many-to-many class="com.lovo.bean.RoleBean"column="roleId"></many-to-many>

</set>                        

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

以Role角色为例子：添加、删除、修改和按角色ID查找

public class RoleDaoImpl extends BaseDaoimplements IRoleDao {

 

@Override

public void add(RoleBeanroleBean, int[] gradeArray) {

//得到session对象

Session session = this.getSession();

//开启事务处理

session.beginTransaction();

try {

//添加与角色，首先遍历权限数组，再将之添加到用户权限数组中

for(int gradeId:gradeArray){

GradeBean gradeBean =(GradeBean)session.get(GradeBean.class, gradeId);

//添加角色的权限

roleBean.getGradeSet().add(gradeBean);                        

}

//添加角色

session.save(roleBean);

//提交事务

session.getTransaction().commit();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

//当try块中有异常时，执行回滚事务

session.getTransaction().rollback();

}finally {

//关闭session

session.close();

}

}

 

@Override

public void del(int id){

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

Session session = this.getSession();

session.beginTransaction();

try {

RoleBean roleBean = (RoleBean)session.get(RoleBean.class,id);

session.delete(roleBean);

session.getTransaction().commit();

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO: handle exception

e.printStackTrace();

session.getTransaction().rollback();

}finally {

session.close();

}

}

 

@Override

public void update(intid, int[] gradeArray) {

//得到session

Session session = this.getSession();

//开启事务管理

session.beginTransaction();

try {

//获得角色对象

RoleBean roleBean = (RoleBean)session.get(RoleBean.class,id);

//要修改角色权限，应先将角色以前的权限清除

roleBean.getGradeSet().clear();

//再遍历新的权限数组，将之添加到角色权限数组

for(int gradeId:gradeArray){

GradeBean gradeBean =(GradeBean)session.get(GradeBean.class, gradeId);

//添加角色权限

roleBean.getGradeSet().add(gradeBean);

}

session.getTransaction().commit();

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO: handle exception

e.printStackTrace();

session.getTransaction().rollback();                        

}finally {

session.close();

}

}

@Override

public RoleBean findById(int id) {

Session session = this.getSession();

session.beginTransaction();

RoleBean roleBean =(RoleBean)session.get(RoleBean.class, id);

//有集合时要先用一次，否则会抛出懒异常

roleBean.getGradeSet().iterator();

session.close();

return roleBean;

}

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

RoleDaoImpl daoImpl = new RoleDaoImpl();

//        daoImpl.add(newRoleBean("助理"), new int[]{1,2,3});

//        daoImpl.del(5);

//        daoImpl.update(5,new int[]{2,3,4});

//        RoleBeanroleBean = daoImpl.findById(5);

//        System.out.println(roleBean+""+roleBean.getGradeSet());

}

}