Java学习笔记之包罗万象

笔记

网络连接之Tcp/Ip协议

这里只是简单的学习了tcp/ip协议，以及创建一个服务器套接字和客户端套接字，以实现单个服务器和单个客户的通信，如果要实现多对多的通信则需要用多线程的知识。

// 创建服务器
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MyServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8080);
            System.out.println("服务器启动");
            Socket socket = server.accept();// 等待链接
            InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

            OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
            OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os);
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
            while (true) {
                String s = br.readLine();
                System.out.println("客户:" + s);// 接收并输出客户数据
                Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
                String back = input.next();
                bw.write(back + "\n"); //返回数据给客户
                bw.flush();
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

// 创建客户端
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MyClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            System.out.println("客户端启动");
            Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.0.143", 8080);// 链接服务器
            OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
            OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os);
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);

            InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            while(true) {
                Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
                String s = input.next();//客户输入
                bw.write(s + "\n"); // 加\n标识读出结束？
                bw.flush();
                String back = br.readLine();
                System.out.println("服务器:" + back);// 接收并显示服务器数据

            }

        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

集合List,Map

List相当于长度可变的数组，它实现了Collection接口，用add()方法来添加元素，set(index,X)方法修改该下标处的元素,remove()方法用来删除元素，HashSet中不能存放重复的数据；Map通过key和values的映射来存取，修改元素。

List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("a");
        list.add("e");
        list.add("f");
        list.add("d");
        list.add(2, "c");
        list.set(1, "b"); // 修改下标处的元素
        System.out.println(list.get(3));
        list.remove(3);
        System.out.println(list.size());
        for (String s:list) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        Random random = new Random();
        HashSet<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
        int count = 1;
        while (set.size() < 10) {
            int i = random.nextInt(10);
            System.out.println("第" + count++ + "次是" + i);
            set.add(i);
        }
        // 迭代器，迭代
        Iterator<Integer> it = set.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
        System.out.println(set.size());

        Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "f");
        map.put(2, "b");
        map.put(3, "c");
        map.put(4, "d");
        map.put(5, "e");
        Set<Integer> keys = map.keySet();
        Iterator<Integer> it = keys.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            int key = it.next();
            System.out.println(map.get(key));
        }

泛型

泛型可以用在某属性的类型不确定时。

// 泛型的综合应用,在测试类中测试，省略了其余代码
        Student<Mcloth, Dog> lisi = new Student<>();
        Student<Wcloth, Cat> liwu = new Student<>();
        Dog dog = new Dog();
        Mcloth m = new Mcloth();
        Wcloth w = new Wcloth();
        lisi.setPet(dog);
        lisi.getPet().eat();

// 学生类
public class Student<T,E extends Animal> extends Person {
    private int score;
    private int id;
    private T cloth;
    private E pet;

    public Student() {

    }

    public T getCloth() {
        return cloth;
    }

    public void setCloth(T cloth) {
        this.cloth = cloth;
    }

    public E getPet() {
        return pet;
    }

    public void setPet(E pet) {
        this.pet = pet;
    }
}

总结

每日三省吾身，必有所获。不可懈怠，骄傲，敷衍。学习是收获知识和快乐，慢慢成长的过程，没有人能一步登天，抛却烦恼，积少成多，日后必有所获。正所谓：越努力，越靠近。