实际开发中使用XML还是注解?
XML:
bean的管理
注解:
注入属性的时候比较方便
两种方式的结合:一般使用XML注册bean,使用注解来进行属性注入。在applicationContext.xml中配置<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
举个简单的例子:
新建3个bean:
- package com.js.demo4;
- public class OrderDao {
- }
- package com.js.demo4;
- public class CustomerDao {
- }
- package com.js.demo4;
- public class CustomerService {
- private CustomerDao customerDao;
- private OrderDao orderDao;
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "CustomerService [customerDao=" + customerDao + ", orderDao="
- + orderDao + "]";
- }
- public void setCustomerDao(CustomerDao customerDao) {
- this.customerDao = customerDao;
- }
- public void setOrderDao(OrderDao orderDao) {
- this.orderDao = orderDao;
- }
- }
配置applicationContext.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <!-- 纯用注解配置bean的情况下context:annotation-config可以省略,当混合使用xml和注解配置bean的时候就不能省略了-->
- <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
- <!-- 配置扫描注解的包 -->
- <!-- <context:component-scan base-package="com.js"></context:component-scan> -->
- <bean id="customerDao" class="com.js.demo4.CustomerDao"></bean>
- <bean id="customerService" class="com.js.demo4.CustomerService">
- <property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"></property>
- <property name="orderDao" ref="orderDao"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="orderDao" class="com.js.demo4.OrderDao"></bean>
- </beans>
编写测试类:
- package com.js.demo4;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- public class Test4 {
- @Test
- public void demo(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext2.xml");
- CustomerService customerService = (CustomerService)applicationContext.getBean("customerService");
- System.out.println(customerService);
- }
- }
运行结果,注入成功:
我们能不能修改配置方式,只在xml中注册bean,而将bean的属性注入使用注解来完成呢?
修改CustomerService:使用注解传入的属性就不在需要setter方法,也不再需要Component-scan,因为我们的bean全部在xml中配置,此处修改两个属性之一的orderDao:
- package com.js.demo4;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
- public class CustomerService {
- private CustomerDao customerDao;
- @Autowired
- @Qualifier("orderDao")
- private OrderDao orderDao;
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "CustomerService [customerDao=" + customerDao + ", orderDao="
- + orderDao + "]";
- }
- public void setCustomerDao(CustomerDao customerDao) {
- this.customerDao = customerDao;
- }
- }
修改xml配置文件:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <!-- 纯用注解配置bean的情况下context:annotation-config可以省略,当混合使用xml和注解配置bean的时候就不能省略了-->
- <!-- 作用是使@Resource、@PostConstruct、@PreDestroy、@AutoWired生效-->
- <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
- <bean id="customerDao" class="com.js.demo4.CustomerDao"></bean>
- <bean id="customerService" class="com.js.demo4.CustomerService">
- <property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="orderDao" class="com.js.demo4.OrderDao"></bean>
- </beans>
运行测试,成功。