<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">使用的工具:JDK8+TOMCAT7.0+SPRING3.0、SPRING4.0</span>
任务:1.入门级搭建SpringMVC
2.分别使用xml文件配置beanname查找和annotation方式查找Controller控件
一、xml方式
步骤1.
Eclipse创建web 工程:
目录结构如下:
2.配置导入所需jar包:spring和依赖包:
3.配置web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID"
version="3.0">
<display-name>springMVC1</display-name>
<!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<!-- 不带文件后缀,会造成其它静态文件(js,css等)不能访问。如配为*.do,则不影响静态文件的访问 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>hello.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
4.配置spring-servlet.xml配置文件:
注意:1.名字为[springname]-servlet.xml,文件位置在WEB-INF下。
2。不然要在web.xml中配置文件位置。比如位置为在src/下的resources/spring.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射 -->
<!-- <mvc:annotation-driven /> -->
<!-- 启动包扫描功能,以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
<!-- <context:component-scan base-package="com.ben.rest" /> -->
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<!-- 配置HandlerMapping,根据beanname查找对应的Controller,这个配置可以省略 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- 配置Controller -->
<bean name="hello.do" class="com.ben.controllers.HelloController"/>
<!--配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
5.Controller类:
package com.ben.controllers;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class HelloController extends AbstractController {
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
String hello = request.getParameter("hello");
System.out.println("--------:"+hello);
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");//指定要反回的页面,在spring-servlet中视图解析器中配置后缀,不用添加.jsp后缀
mav.addObject("helloworld","hello "+hello);//参数是attributeName 和attributeObject,在index页面中获取helloworld的attribute
return mav;
}
}
7.jsp页面:
hello.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="hello.do" method="post">
hello<input type="text" name="hello"/>
<input type="submit" value="submit"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
hello.do是HelloController的URI,在web.xml中有配置,servlet处理.do请求
index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${helloworld}</h1>
</body>
</html>
8.部署到tomcat,启动输入:loclhost.8080/SpringMVC1填写内容,正常跳转:
二、annotation方式 :只需要改动两个位置:
1.spring-servlet.xml:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 启动包扫描功能,以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ben.controllers" />
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<!--配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
2.
package com.ben.controllers;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* 这个工程是第一个Springmvc注解工程,用于入门,配置文件以后直接复制
*
*
*/
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
public String hello(String userName, Model model) {
System.out.println(userName);
model.addAttribute("helloworld", "hello" + userName);
return "index";
}
}
3.启动,输入文本内容,跳转,但是出现异常===============================
原因:spring3.0不能很好支持JDK8,
Java 8编译器编译过的代码生成的.class文件需要在Java 8或以上的Java虚拟机上运行。由于Spring对反射机制和ASM、CGLIB等字节码操作函数库的重度使用,必须确保这些函数库能理解Java 8生成的新class文件。因此Spring将ASM、CGLIB等函数库通过jar jar(https://code.google.com/p/jarjar/)嵌入Spring框架中,这样Spring就可以同时支持Java6、7和8的字节码代码而不会触发运行时错误。
Spring框架本身是由Java 8编译器编译的,编译时使用的是生成Java 6字节码的编译命令选项。因此你可以Java6、7或者8来编译运行Spring 4.x的应用。
官方jar包下载地址:http://repo.spring.io/simple/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/
将spring jar包换成4.0问题解决