对象构造和初始化

（1）构造方法
对象都有构造方法，如果没有，则添加一个default方法
抽象类有构造方法

（2）调用本类和父类
this 本类其他
super父类
父类所有构造方法都得到调用
例：

class A
{
    A(int a){}
}

class B extends A
{
    B(String s){} //不能通过编译
}

1.class A
{
       A(){}
       A(int a){}
}

2.class A
{
}

3.class B extends A
{
    super(3);
    B(String s){}
}

（3）创建对象时初始化

p = new Person(){{age = 18; name = ' '}}

（4）构造方法执行过程
先父类构造，再本类赋值，最后执行构造方法中的语句

public class MyDate {
    public static void main(String[] args){ 
        Person p = new Student("B", 18, "Q");
    }
}
class Person
{
    String name="A";  //step 2
    int age=-1;
   Person(String name, int age)
   {
        super(); //step 1
        //step 3
        System.out.println( "this.name="+this.name+",this.age="+this.age );
        this.name=name; this.age=age; 
        System.out.println( "Person() this.name="+this.name+",this.age="+this.age );
    }
}

class Student extends Person
{
    String school="PKU"; //step2 
    Student( String name, int age, String school )
    {
        super( name, age );  //step 1
        //step 3
        System.out.println( "this.name="+this.name+",this.age="+this.age+",this.school="+this.school );
        this.school = school;
        System.out.println( "Student() this.name="+this.name+",this.age="+this.age+",this.school="+this.school );
    }
}

结果：
this.name=A,this.age=-1
Person() this.name=B,this.age=18
this.name=B,this.age=18,this.school=PKU
Student() this.name=B,this.age=18,this.school=Q