- 在类的内部,变量定义的先后顺序决定了初始化的顺序(在初始化优先级别相同的情况下)。
- 即使变量定义散布于方法定义之间,它们仍旧会在任何方法(包括构造方法)被调用之前得到初始化。
- 初始化优先顺序1>2>3:
- 静态变量/静态域,只调用一次;
- 非静态成员变量/非静态域,每new一次都要调用一次;
- 构造方法,每new一次都要调用一次。
- 示例代码:
package initial;
class Bowl {
Bowl(int marker) {
System.out.println("Bowl(" + marker + ")");
}
void f1(int marker) {
System.out.println("f1(" + marker + ")");
}
}
class Table {
static Bowl b1 = new Bowl(1);
Table() {
System.out.println("Table()");
b2.f1(1);
}
void f2(int marker) {
System.out.println("f2(" + marker + ")");
}
static Bowl b2 = new Bowl(2);
}
class Cupboard {
Bowl b3 = new Bowl(3);
static Bowl b4 = new Bowl(4);
Cupboard() {
System.out.println("Cupboard()");
b4.f1(2);
}
void f3(int marker) {
System.out.println("f3(" + marker + ")");
}
static Bowl b5 = new Bowl(5);
}
public class StaticInitialization {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
System.out.println("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
System.out.println("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
t2.f2(1);
t3.f3(1);
}
static Table t2 = new Table();
static Cupboard t3 = new Cupboard();
}
- 代码输出
Bowl(1)
Bowl(2)
Table()
f1(1)
Bowl(4)
Bowl(5)
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
f2(1)
f3(1)