C语言使用txt文件录入保存的小型管理系统

前言

        这是学校布置的期末作业，自己完成后，给后来人铺铺路。

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主要功能：

        运行程序，可以从txt中读取学号、姓名、性别、年龄、备注。然后可以在程序里面进行录入、显示、删除、保存、修改、查询、排序的操作。最终目的是用程序系统化的进行输入，最后保存到原来的txt文件中。

关于代码：

        懒得写注释了。学校要求的使用结构体数组，不过我这个是用链表结构做的，功能更完善，内存使用更自由。想用链表做的同学们可以看看，根据自己的需求也可以改改照搬。

        主要涉及到的知识点：文件读取生成链表、链表的插入、链表的遍历显示、链表的删除节点、输出到文件中、链表节点的定位查找、链表交换节点的冒泡排序。

代码展示：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<conio.h>

void title(){
    printf("+-----班级档案管理系统-----+\n");
    printf("|     A：学生信息录入      |\n");
    printf("|     B：学生信息显示      |\n");
    printf("|     C：学生信息保存      |\n");
    printf("|     D：学生信息删除      |\n");
    printf("|     E：学生信息修改      |\n");
    printf("|     F：学生信息查询      |\n");
    printf("|     S：按年龄排序        |\n");
    printf("|     G：退出系统          |\n");
    printf("+--------------------------+\n");
    printf("请输入功能代码：");
}
void modifytitle(){
    printf("+----------------+\n");
    printf("|   1.修改学号   |\n");
    printf("|   2.修改姓名   |\n");
    printf("|   3.修改性别   |\n");
    printf("|   4.修改年龄   |\n");
    printf("|   5.修改备注   |\n");
    printf("|   6.退出修改   |\n");
    printf("+----------------+\n");
}
void searchtitle(){
    printf("+------------------+\n");
    printf("|   1.按学号查询   |\n");
    printf("|   2.按姓名查询   |\n");
    printf("|   3.按性别查询   |\n");
    printf("|   4.按年龄查询   |\n");
    printf("|   5.退出查询     |\n");
    printf("+------------------+\n");
    printf("请输入功能数字：");
}

typedef struct node{
    char num[10];
    char name[12];
    int sex;
    int year;
    char note[20];
    struct node *next;
}Node,*Link;

Link getnode(){
    int sex,year;
    char num[10],name[12],note[20];
    Link head=(Link)malloc(sizeof(Node));
    head->next=NULL;
    Link rear=head;
    FILE *r=fopen("ManageData.txt","r");

    while(fscanf(r,"%s%s%d%d%s",num,name,&sex,&year,note)!=EOF){   //一行一行读取，直到EOF行尾是空
        Link node=(Link)malloc(sizeof(Node));
        strcpy(node->num,num);
        strcpy(node->name,name);
        node->sex=sex;
        node->year=year;
        strcpy(node->note,note);
        rear->next=node;
        rear=node;
    }
    rear->next=NULL;
    fclose(r);
    return head;
}

int insertnode(Link head,int n,char num[],char name[],int sex,int year,char note[]){
    Link p=head;
    int count=0;
    while(p!=NULL && count<n-1){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL)return 0;
    Link node=(Link)malloc(sizeof(Node));
    strcpy(node->num,num);
    strcpy(node->name,name);
    node->sex=sex;
    node->year=year;
    strcpy(node->note,note);
    node->next=p->next;
    p->next=node;
    return 1;
}

void display(Link head){
    Link p=head->next;
    printf("+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
    while(p){
        printf("| 学号：%4s | 姓名：%-10s | 性别：%1d | 年龄：%2d | 备注：%s\n",p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
        p=p->next;
    }
    printf("+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
}

void outnode(Link head){
    FILE *w=fopen("ManageData.txt","w");
    Link p=head->next;
    while(p){
        fprintf(w,"%s %s %d %d %s\n",p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
        p=p->next;
    }
    fclose(w);
}

int deletenode(Link head,int n){
    if(head==NULL || head->next==NULL)return 0;
    Link q=head,p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        count++;
        q=q->next;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(p==NULL)return 0;
    q->next=p->next;
    free(p);
    return 1;
}


void modifynum(Link head,int n,char num[]){
    Link p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL){
        printf("修改失败，位置溢出\n");
        return;
    }
    strcpy(p->num,num);
    printf("修改成功\n");
}
void modifyname(Link head,int n,char name[]){
    Link p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL){
        printf("修改失败，位置溢出\n");
        return;
    }
    strcpy(p->name,name);
    printf("修改成功\n");
}
void modifysex(Link head,int n,int sex){
    Link p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL){
        printf("修改失败，位置溢出\n");
        return;
    }
    p->sex=sex;
    printf("修改成功\n");
}
void modifyyear(Link head,int n,int year){
    Link p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL){
        printf("修改失败，位置溢出\n");
        return;
    }
    p->year=year;
    printf("修改成功\n");
}
void modifynote(Link head,int n,char note[]){
    Link p=head->next;
    int count=1;
    while(p && count<n){
        p=p->next;
        count++;
    }
    if(p==NULL){
        printf("修改失败，位置溢出\n");
        return;
    }
    strcpy(p->note,note);
    printf("修改成功\n");
}


void searchnum(Link head,char num[]){
    Link p=head->next;
    int flag=0,count=1,start=1;
    while(p){
        if(strcmp(p->num,num)==0){
            flag=1;
            if(start==1){
                printf("---------------------------------查询成功------------------------------------\n");
            }
            printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
            printf("| 位置：%2d | 学号：%4s | 姓名：%-10s | 性别：%1d | 年龄：%2d | 备注：%s\n",count,p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
            start++;
        }
        count++;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(flag==0){
        printf("+------------+\n");
        printf("|  查询失败  |\n");
        printf("|  查无此人  |\n");
        printf("+------------+\n");
    }else{
        printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
    }
}
void searchname(Link head,char name[]){
    Link p=head->next;
    int flag=0,count=1,start=1;
    while(p){
        if(strcmp(p->name,name)==0){
            flag=1;
            if(start==1){
                printf("---------------------------------查询成功------------------------------------\n");
            }
            printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
            printf("| 位置：%2d | 学号：%4s | 姓名：%-10s | 性别：%1d | 年龄：%2d | 备注：%s\n",count,p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
            start++;
        }
        count++;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(flag==0){
        printf("+------------+\n");
        printf("|  查询失败  |\n");
        printf("|  查无此人  |\n");
        printf("+------------+\n");
    }else{
        printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
    }
}
void searchsex(Link head,int sex){
    Link p=head->next;
    int flag=0,count=1,start=1;
    while(p){
        if(p->sex==sex){
            flag=1;
            if(start==1){
                printf("---------------------------------查询成功------------------------------------\n");
            }
            printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
            printf("| 位置：%2d | 学号：%4s | 姓名：%-10s | 性别：%1d | 年龄：%2d | 备注：%s\n",count,p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
            start++;
        }
        count++;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(flag==0){
        printf("+------------+\n");
        printf("|  查询失败  |\n");
        printf("|  查无此人  |\n");
        printf("+------------+\n");
    }else{
        printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
    }
}
void searchyear(Link head,int year){
    Link p=head->next;
    int flag=0,count=1,start=1;
    while(p){
        if(p->year==year){
            flag=1;
            if(start==1){
                printf("---------------------------------查询成功------------------------------------\n");
            }
            printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
            printf("| 位置：%2d | 学号：%4s | 姓名：%-10s | 性别：%1d | 年龄：%2d | 备注：%s\n",count,p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->year,p->note);
            start++;
        }
        count++;
        p=p->next;
    }
    if(flag==0){
        printf("+------------+\n");
        printf("|  查询失败  |\n");
        printf("|  查无此人  |\n");
        printf("+------------+\n");
    }else{
        printf("+----------+------------+------------------+---------+----------+------------\n");
    }
}

void sort(Link head,int len){
    for (int i=0;i<len-1;i++){
        Link left=head,mid=head->next,right=mid->next;
        for(int j=0;j<len-i-1;j++){
            if(mid->year>right->year){
                Link leftnext=left->next;
                left->next=mid->next;
                mid->next=right->next;
                right->next=leftnext;
                Link temp=mid;
                mid=right;
                right=temp;
            }
            left=left->next;
            mid=mid->next;
            right=right->next;
        }
    }
}


int main(){
    int n,sex,year,cookie=0;
    char num[10],name[12],note[20];
    char username[]="root",password[]="123456cwy",inputusername[20],inputpassword[20];
    char input=' ';
    Link head=getnode();

    printf("输入用户名：");scanf("%s",inputusername);
    printf("输入密码：");scanf("%s",inputpassword);
    while(strcmp(username,inputusername)!=0 || strcmp(password,inputpassword)!=0){
        printf("+------------------+\n");
        printf("| 用户名或密码错误 |\n");
        printf("+------------------+\n");
        printf("输入用户名：");scanf("%s",inputusername);
        printf("输入密码：");scanf("%s",inputpassword);
    }
    printf("+----------+\n");
    printf("| 登陆成功 |\n");
    printf("+----------+\n");
    Sleep(1000);
    title();
    start:
    while(input!='G'){
        fflush(stdin);
        input=getchar();
        switch(input){
            case 'A':
                printf("输入要录入的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                printf("输入四位学号：");scanf("%s",num);
                printf("输入姓名：");scanf("%s",name);
                printf("输入性别代码：");scanf("%d",&sex);
                printf("输入年龄：");scanf("%d",&year);
                printf("输入备注：");scanf("%s",note);

                insertnode(head,n,num,name,sex,year,note)?printf("录入成功\n"):printf("录入失败，位置溢出\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                title();
                break;
            case 'B':
                printf("----------------------------班级档案------------------------------\n");
                display(head);
                printf("+--------------+\n");
                printf("| 按任意键继续 |\n");
                printf("+--------------+\n");
                getch();
                title();
                break;
            case 'C':
                outnode(head);
                printf("保存成功\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                title();
                break;
            case 'D':
                printf("输入删除数据的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                deletenode(head,n) ? printf("删除成功\n") : printf("删除失败，位置溢出\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                title();
                break;
            case 'E':
                printf("+------------------------+\n");
                printf("| 修改数据需要先确认密码 |\n");
                printf("+------------------------+\n");
                while(cookie==0){
                    printf("确认密码：");scanf("%s",inputpassword);
                    if(strcmp(password,inputpassword)==0){
                        break;
                    }else if(strcmp(inputpassword,"Q")==0){
                        printf("+--------------+\n");
                        printf("| 退出确认成功 |\n");
                        printf("+--------------+\n");
                        Sleep(1500);
                        title();
                        goto start;
                    }else{
                        printf("+---------------------------------+\n");
                        printf("| 密码错误，若想退出登录可输入Q |\n");
                        printf("+---------------------------------+\n");
                    }
                }
                cookie=1;
                printf("+--------------------------------------+\n");
                printf("| 确认成功，再次进入修改界面不需要密码 |\n");
                printf("+--------------------------------------+\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                modifytitle();
                while(1){
                    fflush(stdin);
                    printf("输入功能数字：");scanf("%d",&n);
                    if(n==1){
                        printf("输入要修改的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                        printf("输入更正后的学号：");scanf("%s",num);
                        modifynum(head,n,num);
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }else if(n==2){
                        printf("输入要修改的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                        printf("输入更正后的姓名：");scanf("%s",name);
                        modifyname(head,n,name);
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }else if(n==3){
                        printf("输入要修改的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                        printf("输入更正后的性别：");scanf("%d",&sex);
                        modifysex(head,n,sex);
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }else if(n==4){
                        printf("输入要修改的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                        printf("输入更正后的年龄：");scanf("%d",&year);
                        modifyyear(head,n,year);
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }else if(n==5){
                        printf("输入要修改的位置：");scanf("%d",&n);
                        printf("输入更正后的备注：");scanf("%s",note);         
                        modifynote(head,n,note);
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }else if(n==6){
                        printf("+----------+\n");
                        printf("| 退出成功 |\n");
                        printf("+----------+\n");
                        Sleep(1000);
                        title();
                        break;
                    }else{
                        printf("+----------------------+\n");
                        printf("| 未知命令，请重新输入 |\n");
                        printf("+----------------------+\n");
                        Sleep(1000);
                        modifytitle();
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 'F':
                searchtitle();
                scanf("%d",&n);fflush(stdin);
                if(n==1){
                    printf("请输入查询的学号：");gets(num);
                    searchnum(head,num);
                    printf("按任意键继续...\n");
                    getch();
                }else if(n==2){
                    printf("请输入查询的姓名：");gets(name);
                    searchname(head,name);
                    printf("按任意键继续...\n");
                    getch();
                }else if(n==3){
                    printf("请输入查询的性别：");scanf("%d",&sex);
                    searchsex(head,sex);
                    printf("按任意键继续...\n");
                    getch();
                }else if(n==4){
                    printf("请输入查询的年龄：");scanf("%d",&year);
                    searchyear(head,year);
                    printf("按任意键继续...\n");
                    getch();
                }else if(n==5){
                    printf("+----------+\n");
                    printf("| 退出成功 |\n");
                    printf("+----------+\n");
                    Sleep(1000);
                    title();
                    break;
                }
                title();
                break;
            case 'G':
                printf("+----------+\n");
                printf("| 退出成功 |\n");
                printf("+----------+\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                break;
            case 'S':
                printf("输入长度：");scanf("%d",&n);
                sort(head,n);
                printf("排序成功\n");
                title();
                break;
            default:
                printf("未知命令，请重新输入\n");
                Sleep(1000);
                title();
                break;
        }
    }
}

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