1、Windows 上安装 MySQL
便于测试,笔者在 windows 上安装 MySQL,如有现成Linux下的MySQL和Python环境,也可直接使用。
MySQL的官网下载链接
安装步骤
1)下载后的mysql-5.7.23-winx64.zip安装包解压至某一位置,在mysql-5.7.23-winx64.zip根目录下创建my.ini文件添加以下内容:
my.ini
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir=E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64
datadir=E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\data
max_connections=200
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
2)打开cmd进入mysql的bin目录,初始化数据库文件
mysqld --initialize
初始化成功后会在my.ini配置文件的datadir的目录下生成一些文件,其中xxx.err(xxx是电脑用户名称)文件里说明了root账户的临时密码。例子:4wd+LqNgyoiQ就是root账户的临时密码
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 4wd+LqNgyoiQ
#注册mysql服务
mysqld -install MySQL
#启动mysql服务
net start MySQL
#使用root账号登录
mysql -u root -p4wd+LqNgyoiQ
#修改root密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
如下是完整操作过程
1)、编辑E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\my.ini
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64
# 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录,MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置,系统自行生成,否则有可能报错
# datadir=E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
2)、cmd进入MySQL解压路径安装
I:\python>e:
E:\>cd E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64>cd bin
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin>mysqld -install MySQL
Service successfully installed.
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin>
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin>net start MySQL
MySQL 服务正在启动 .
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。
E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@localhost IDENtified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql>
3)、添加Windows环境变量
此电脑右键 属性-->高级系统设置-->高级-->环境变量-->系统变量-->点击Path-->编辑-->新建-->输入 E:\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin-->一直确定
2、安装Python的mysqldb模块
2.1、安装pip
下载并解压 pip-20.1.1.tar.gz ,本文解压路径E:\python-2.7.18>
E:\>cd python-2.7.18\pip-20.1.1\pip-20.1.1
E:\python-2.7.18\pip-20.1.1\pip-20.1.1>
执行 python setup.py install 安装pip
E:\python-2.7.18\pip-20.1.1\pip-20.1.1>python setup.py install
安装完成后添加pip环境变量
确认是否安装成功
C:\Users\Administrator>pip
Usage:
pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall U