Lab 2: Memory Management

参考资料

MIT-6.828 Lab 2: Memory Management实验报告
《MIT JOS Lab2: Memory Management》实验报告

准备工作

切换到lab2的分支，然后将lab1的代码合入到lab2中

$git checkout -b lab2 origin/lab2
$git merge lab1

Part 1: Physical Page Management

Exercise1

第一部分只有一个Exercise，即写一个physical page allocator。
It keeps track of which pages are free with a linked list of struct PageInfo objects, each corresponding to a physical page.这句话告诉我们这个allocator的基本形式是一个链表，链表的节点是struct PageInfo objects。

boot_alloc

在内核刚初始化的时候，我们只能通过移动指针来分配内存。boot_alloc将指针从end开始，增加到end + n，表示分配了n个字节的内存。

static void *
boot_alloc(uint32_t n)
{
	static char *nextfree;	// virtual address of next byte of free memory
	char *result;

	// Initialize nextfree if this is the first time.
	// 'end' is a magic symbol automatically generated by the linker,
	// which points to the end of the kernel's bss segment:
	// the first virtual address that the linker did *not* assign
	// to any kernel code or global variables.
	if (!nextfree) {
		extern char end[];
		nextfree = ROUNDUP((char *) end, PGSIZE);
	}

	// Allocate a chunk large enough to hold 'n' bytes, then update
	// nextfree.  Make sure nextfree is kept aligned
	// to a multiple of PGSIZE.
	//
	// LAB 2: Your code here.
+++	result = nextfree;
+++ nextfree = ROUNDUP((char *) nextfree + n, PGSIZE); 

	return result;
}

mem_init

pages全局变量保存着所有页表的信息。
在我的环境中，Physical memory: 131072K available, base = 640K, extended = 130432K，因此总共有32768个页表。

//
"// Allocate an array of npages 'struct PageInfo's and store it in 'pages'."
"// The kernel uses this array to keep track of physical pages: for"
"// each physical page, there is a corresponding struct PageInfo in this"
"// array.  'npages' is the number of physical pages in memory.  Use memset"
"// to initialize all fields of each struct PageInfo to 0."
"// Your code goes here:"
+++ pages = (struct PageInfo *)boot_alloc(npages * sizeof(struct PageInfo));
+++ memset(pages, 0, sizeof(npages * sizeof(struct PageInfo)));

page_init

由于没有仔细理解struct PageInfo中pp_ref的意义，因此下面的代码都忽略了对pp_ref的赋值。(第二次提交之后，修改了这部分代码，因此对每一个被使用的页表，pp_ref都赋值为1)。pp_ref is the count of pointers to this page, for pages allocated using page_alloc.，即在分配的时候，需要将pp_ref置1，表示page_alloc时，有一个指针指向该页表。

void
page_init(void)
{
	// The example code here marks all physical pages as free.
	// However this is not truly the case.  What memory is free?
	//  1) Mark physical page 0 as in use.
	//     This way we preserve the real-mode IDT and BIOS structures
	//     in case we ever need them.  (Currently we don't, but...)
	//  2) The rest of base memory, [PGSIZE, npages_basemem * PGSIZE)
	//     is free.
	//  3) Then comes the IO hole [IOPHYSMEM, EXTPHYSMEM), which must
	//     never be allocated.
	//  4) Then extended memory [EXTPHYSMEM, ...).
	//     Some of it is in use, some is free. Where is the kernel
	//     in physical memory?  Which pages are already in use for
	//     page tables and other data structures?
	//
	// Change the code to reflect this.