Tomcat

WEB应用服务器–Tomcat

1.安装java环境

安装 Tomcat

yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 -y

2.安装并启动tomcat

推荐从Apache官网下载源码包直接安装启动

wget -c https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.93/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.93.tar.gz

[root@tomcat ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.91.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@tomcat ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.91/ /usr/local/tomcat
[root@tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

3.查看端口

[root@tomcat ~]# netstat -antlupe | grep java

4.访问tomcat

生成tomcat的启动文件

1.生成tomcat的主配置文件

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf
JAVA_HOME=/etc/alternatives/jre_openjdk

2.生成启动文件

增加用户
[root@tomcat ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M tomcat
[root@tomcat ~]# chown -R tomcat:tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@tomcat ~]# ll -Zd /usr/local/tomcat/
drwxr-xr-x 9 tomcat tomcat ? 4096 Aug 21 11:46 /usr/local/tomcat/

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
#After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
PrivateTmp=true
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl enable --now tomcat
[root@tomcat ~]# netstat -launpt | grep java

或者自定义脚本

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /usr/bin/tomcat
#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
	start)
	/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
	;;
	stop)
	/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
esac

chmod +x /usr/bin/tomcat

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
#After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat start
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat stop
PrivateTmp=true
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

tomcat负载均衡实现

将test.jsp上传

[root@tomcat-node2 ~]# cp test.jsp /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/

upstream tomcat {
        server 192.168.136.10:8080;
        server 192.168.136.20:8080;
}
server {
        listen *:80;
        server_name www.jieyu.org;
        root /data/web/html;
        index index.html;

        location ~ \.jsp$ {
                proxy_pass http://tomcat;
        }
}

cookie hash

用Edge浏览器

用chrome浏览器

memcached的安装与启动

简介： Memcached 只支持能序列化的数据类型，不支持持久化，基于Key-Value的内存缓存系统memcached虽然没有像redis所具备的数据持久化功能，比如RDB和AOF都没有，但是可以通过做集群同步的方式，
让各memcached服务器的数据进行同步，从而实现数据的一致性，即保证各memcached的数据是一样的，即使有任何一台 memcached 发生故障，只要集群中有一台 memcached 可用就不会出现数据丢失，当其他memcached 重新加入到集群的时候,可以自动从有数据的memcached 当中自动获取数据并提供服务。

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# yum install memcached
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached 

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# systemctl start memcached.service 
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# ss -lunpt | grep memcached
tcp   LISTEN 0      1024              0.0.0.0:11211      0.0.0.0:*    users:(("memcached",pid=2562,fd=26))  
tcp   LISTEN 0      1024                [::1]:11211         [::]:*    users:(("memcached",pid=2562,fd=27))  

session 共享服务器

将jar包导入

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# cd jar/
[root@tomcat-node1 jar]# ls
asm-5.2.jar                          memcached-session-manager-tc9-2.3.2.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar
kryo-3.0.3.jar                       minlog-1.3.1.jar                         spymemcached-2.12.3.jar
kryo-serializers-0.45.jar            msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar
memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  objenesis-2.6.jar
[root@tomcat-node1 jar]# cp *.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/

在tomcat1上的配置

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml 
<Context>
...省略...
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
        memcachedNodes="n1:192.168.136.10:11211,n2:192.168.136.20:11211"
        failoverNodes="n1"
        requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
        transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
    />
</Context>

在tomcat2上的配置 反一下

systemctl restart tomcat

测试

当把tomcat2停了之后，再次访问,跳到了tomcat1上