设计模式：模板方法模式

每天一个设计模式，今天看到了模板方法模式。以下是模板方法模式的定义。

模板方法模式：定义一个操作中的算法的骨架，而将一些步骤延迟到子类种，模板方法使得子类可以不改变一个算法的结构

即可重定义该算法的某些特定步骤。

UML类图：

 

 

一个应用例子:

//AbstactClass

#ifndef _PAPER_H_ #define _PAPER_H_ #include <string> #include <iostream> using std::string; using std::cout; using std::endl; class Paper { public: Paper(string na):name(na){} virtual ~Paper(){} public: void Question1()const{cout<<"Are you SB?/n";} void Question2()const{cout<<"Do i like you/n";} public: virtual void Answer1()const{cout<<"/n";} virtual void Answer2()const{cout<<"/n";} protected: string name; }; #endif

 

//ConcreteClass

#include "Paper.h" #include <iostream> class DoPaperA:public Paper { public: DoPaperA(string na):Paper(na){} ~DoPaperA(){} public: virtual void Answer1()const{cout<<"No,I am not/n";} virtual void Answer2()const{cout<<"yes,i like/n";} }; class DoPaperB:public Paper { public: DoPaperB(string na):Paper(na){} ~DoPaperB(){} public: virtual void Answer1()const{cout<<"Yes,I am/n";} virtual void Answer2()const{cout<<"yes,i don't like/n";} };

 

主类：

#include "DoPaperB.h" #include "DoPaperA.h" int main() { Paper *StudentA=new DoPaperA("AA"); Paper* StudentB=new DoPaperB("BB"); StudentA->Answer1 (); StudentA->Answer2(); cout<<endl; StudentB->Answer1(); StudentB->Answer2(); delete StudentA; delete StudentB; return 0; }

 

模板方法模式是通过把不变行为搬移到超类，去除子类中的重复代码来体现它的优势。