今天遇到这样的问题：
The Oracle9Dialect dialect has been deprecated; use either Oracle9iDialect or Oracle10gDialect instead
在网上搜集了一下资料，原来是方言的问题。遂转载过来，方便以后继续学习。
Hibernate 不同数据库的连接及SQL方言
<!--MySql 驱动程序 eg. mysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jar-->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- JDBC URL -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbname?characterEncoding=gb2312</property>
<!-- 数据库用户名-->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<!-- 数据库密码-->
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<!--Sql Server 驱动程序 eg. jtds-1.2.jar-->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- JDBC URL -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=dbname</property>
<!-- 数据库用户名-->
<property name="connection.username">sa</property>
<!-- 数据库密码-->
<property name="connection.password"></property>
<!--Oracle 驱动程序 ojdbc14.jar-->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<!-- JDBC URL -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:dbname</property>
<!-- 数据库用户名-->
<property name="connection.username">test</property>
<!-- 数据库密码-->
<property name="connection.password">test</property>
原文网址：http://www.fengfly.com/plus/view-168177-1.html
如果出现如下错误，则可能是Hibernate SQL方言 (hibernate.dialect)设置不正确。
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: [Microsoft][SQLServer 2000 Driver for JDBC][SQLServer]'last_insert_id' 不是可以识别的 函数名。
RDBMS 方言
DB2 org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect
DB2 AS/400 org.hibernate.dialect.DB2400Dialect
DB2 OS390 org.hibernate.dialect.DB2390Dialect
PostgreSQL org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
MySQL org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
MySQL with InnoDB org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect
MySQL with MyISAM org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect
Oracle (any version) org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect
Oracle 9i/10g org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
Sybase org.hibernate.dialect.SybaseDialect
Sybase Anywhere org.hibernate.dialect.SybaseAnywhereDialect
Microsoft SQL Server org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect
SAP DB org.hibernate.dialect.SAPDBDialect
Informix org.hibernate.dialect.InformixDialect
HypersonicSQL org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect
Ingres org.hibernate.dialect.IngresDialect
Progress org.hibernate.dialect.ProgressDialect
Mckoi SQL org.hibernate.dialect.MckoiDialect
Interbase org.hibernate.dialect.InterbaseDialect
Pointbase org.hibernate.dialect.PointbaseDialect
FrontBase org.hibernate.dialect.FrontbaseDialect
Firebird org.hibernate.dialect.FirebirdDialect
原文网址：http://www.fengfly.com/plus/view-168177-1.html
有时候，hibernate用原生SQL 查询，native SQL 的时候，会出现
org.hibernate.MappingException: No Dialect mapping for JDBC type: -1 ，-16，等等的错误
type 类型代码 可以看 java.sql.Types 中的定义，看源码就可以了
那是因为 Dialect 未定义，重写类，把未定义的Dialect 注册一下即可，
并且在 hibernate.cfg.xml中加入
Xml代码
<property name="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.OracleCustomDialect
</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.OracleCustomDialect
</property>
Java代码
import java.sql.Types;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
public class OracleCustomDialect extends org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect {
public OracleCustomDialect() {
super();
registerHibernateType(Types.FLOAT, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName());
}
}
import java.sql.Types;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
public class OracleCustomDialect extends org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect {
public OracleCustomDialect() {
super();
registerHibernateType(Types.FLOAT, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName());
}
}
这是自己解决的折中办法，最好还是遵循标准类型
在hibernate中，Oracle9Dialect 方言定义有以下代码：
Java代码
public class Oracle9Dialect extends Dialect {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger( Oracle9Dialect.class );
public Oracle9Dialect() {
super();
log.warn( "The Oracle9Dialect dialect has been deprecated; use either Oracle9iDialect or Oracle10gDialect instead" );
registerColumnType( Types.BIT, "number(1,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.BIGINT, "number(19,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.SMALLINT, "number(5,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.TINYINT, "number(3,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.INTEGER, "number(10,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.CHAR, "char(1 char)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARCHAR, 4000, "varchar2($l char)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARCHAR, "long" );
registerColumnType( Types.FLOAT, "float" );
registerColumnType( Types.DOUBLE, "double precision" );
registerColumnType( Types.DATE, "date" );
registerColumnType( Types.TIME, "date" );
registerColumnType( Types.TIMESTAMP, "timestamp" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARBINARY, 2000, "raw($l)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARBINARY, "long raw" );
registerColumnType( Types.NUMERIC, "number($p,$s)" );
registerColumnType( Types.DECIMAL, "number($p,$s)" );
registerColumnType( Types.BLOB, "blob" );
registerColumnType( Types.CLOB, "clob" );
……
……
public class Oracle9Dialect extends Dialect {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger( Oracle9Dialect.class );
public Oracle9Dialect() {
super();
log.warn( "The Oracle9Dialect dialect has been deprecated; use either Oracle9iDialect or Oracle10gDialect instead" );
registerColumnType( Types.BIT, "number(1,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.BIGINT, "number(19,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.SMALLINT, "number(5,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.TINYINT, "number(3,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.INTEGER, "number(10,0)" );
registerColumnType( Types.CHAR, "char(1 char)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARCHAR, 4000, "varchar2($l char)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARCHAR, "long" );
registerColumnType( Types.FLOAT, "float" );
registerColumnType( Types.DOUBLE, "double precision" );
registerColumnType( Types.DATE, "date" );
registerColumnType( Types.TIME, "date" );
registerColumnType( Types.TIMESTAMP, "timestamp" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARBINARY, 2000, "raw($l)" );
registerColumnType( Types.VARBINARY, "long raw" );
registerColumnType( Types.NUMERIC, "number($p,$s)" );
registerColumnType( Types.DECIMAL, "number($p,$s)" );
registerColumnType( Types.BLOB, "blob" );
registerColumnType( Types.CLOB, "clob" );
……
……
而hibernate 3.3.2中 带的Oracle10gDialect方言代码如下，是继承了 Oracle9Dialect
Java代码
public class Oracle10gDialect extends Oracle9iDialect {
public Oracle10gDialect() {
super();
}
public JoinFragment createOuterJoinFragment() {
return new ANSIJoinFragment();
}
}
public class Oracle10gDialect extends Oracle9iDialect {
public Oracle10gDialect() {
super();
}
public JoinFragment createOuterJoinFragment() {
return new ANSIJoinFragment();
}
}
同时，在public abstract class Dialect 类中，定义了以下registerHibernateType， 所有的数据库类型的Dialect都是 extends Dialect
Java代码
protected Dialect() {
log.info( "Using dialect: " + this );
sqlFunctions.putAll( STANDARD_AGGREGATE_FUNCTIONS );
// standard sql92 functions (can be overridden by subclasses)
registerFunction( "substring", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.STRING, "substring(?1, ?2, ?3)" ) );
registerFunction( "locate", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.INTEGER, "locate(?1, ?2, ?3)" ) );
registerFunction( "trim", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.STRING, "trim(?1 ?2 ?3 ?4)" ) );
registerFunction( "length", new StandardSQLFunction( "length", Hibernate.INTEGER ) );
registerFunction( "bit_length", new StandardSQLFunction( "bit_length", Hibernate.INTEGER ) );
registerFunction( "coalesce", new StandardSQLFunction( "coalesce" ) );
registerFunction( "nullif", new StandardSQLFunction( "nullif" ) );
registerFunction( "abs", new StandardSQLFunction( "abs" ) );
registerFunction( "mod", new StandardSQLFunction( "mod", Hibernate.INTEGER) );
registerFunction( "sqrt", new StandardSQLFunction( "sqrt", Hibernate.DOUBLE) );
registerFunction( "upper", new StandardSQLFunction("upper") );
registerFunction( "lower", new StandardSQLFunction("lower") );
registerFunction( "cast", new CastFunction() );
registerFunction( "extract", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(?1 ?2 ?3)") );
//map second/minute/hour/day/month/year to ANSI extract(), override on subclasses
registerFunction( "second", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(second from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "minute", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(minute from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "hour", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(hour from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "day", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(day from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "month", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(month from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "year", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(year from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "str", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.STRING, "cast(?1 as char)") );
// register hibernate types for default use in scalar sqlquery type auto detection
registerHibernateType( Types.BIGINT, Hibernate.BIG_INTEGER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BINARY, Hibernate.BINARY.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BIT, Hibernate.BOOLEAN.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.CHAR, Hibernate.CHARACTER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DATE, Hibernate.DATE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DOUBLE, Hibernate.DOUBLE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.FLOAT, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.INTEGER, Hibernate.INTEGER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.SMALLINT, Hibernate.SHORT.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TINYINT, Hibernate.BYTE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TIME, Hibernate.TIME.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TIMESTAMP, Hibernate.TIMESTAMP.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.VARCHAR, Hibernate.STRING.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.VARBINARY, Hibernate.BINARY.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.NUMERIC, Hibernate.BIG_DECIMAL.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DECIMAL, Hibernate.BIG_DECIMAL.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BLOB, Hibernate.BLOB.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.CLOB, Hibernate.CLOB.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.REAL, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName() );
protected Dialect() {
log.info( "Using dialect: " + this );
sqlFunctions.putAll( STANDARD_AGGREGATE_FUNCTIONS );
// standard sql92 functions (can be overridden by subclasses)
registerFunction( "substring", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.STRING, "substring(?1, ?2, ?3)" ) );
registerFunction( "locate", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.INTEGER, "locate(?1, ?2, ?3)" ) );
registerFunction( "trim", new SQLFunctionTemplate( Hibernate.STRING, "trim(?1 ?2 ?3 ?4)" ) );
registerFunction( "length", new StandardSQLFunction( "length", Hibernate.INTEGER ) );
registerFunction( "bit_length", new StandardSQLFunction( "bit_length", Hibernate.INTEGER ) );
registerFunction( "coalesce", new StandardSQLFunction( "coalesce" ) );
registerFunction( "nullif", new StandardSQLFunction( "nullif" ) );
registerFunction( "abs", new StandardSQLFunction( "abs" ) );
registerFunction( "mod", new StandardSQLFunction( "mod", Hibernate.INTEGER) );
registerFunction( "sqrt", new StandardSQLFunction( "sqrt", Hibernate.DOUBLE) );
registerFunction( "upper", new StandardSQLFunction("upper") );
registerFunction( "lower", new StandardSQLFunction("lower") );
registerFunction( "cast", new CastFunction() );
registerFunction( "extract", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(?1 ?2 ?3)") );
//map second/minute/hour/day/month/year to ANSI extract(), override on subclasses
registerFunction( "second", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(second from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "minute", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(minute from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "hour", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(hour from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "day", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(day from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "month", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(month from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "year", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.INTEGER, "extract(year from ?1)") );
registerFunction( "str", new SQLFunctionTemplate(Hibernate.STRING, "cast(?1 as char)") );
// register hibernate types for default use in scalar sqlquery type auto detection
registerHibernateType( Types.BIGINT, Hibernate.BIG_INTEGER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BINARY, Hibernate.BINARY.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BIT, Hibernate.BOOLEAN.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.CHAR, Hibernate.CHARACTER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DATE, Hibernate.DATE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DOUBLE, Hibernate.DOUBLE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.FLOAT, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.INTEGER, Hibernate.INTEGER.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.SMALLINT, Hibernate.SHORT.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TINYINT, Hibernate.BYTE.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TIME, Hibernate.TIME.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.TIMESTAMP, Hibernate.TIMESTAMP.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.VARCHAR, Hibernate.STRING.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.VARBINARY, Hibernate.BINARY.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.NUMERIC, Hibernate.BIG_DECIMAL.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.DECIMAL, Hibernate.BIG_DECIMAL.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.BLOB, Hibernate.BLOB.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.CLOB, Hibernate.CLOB.getName() );
registerHibernateType( Types.REAL, Hibernate.FLOAT.getName() );
如果有特殊类型确实需要，只能自定义。
所以oracle的类型定义最好遵循以上的 java.sql.Types，
在hibernate.cfg.xml中使用 org.hibernate.dialect.OracleCustomDialect
以防出现No Dialect mapping for JDBC type错误
其他的 数据库类型，SQL SERVER DB2 MYSQL 等等，都可以查看 hibernate的相关源码找出个所以然来
原文网址：http://www.fengfly.com/plus/view-168177-1.html
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