SPOJ ARCTAN Use of Function Arctan （三角公式atrtan 高中数学）

Use of Function Arctan

Description

It's easy to know that arctan(1/2)+arctan(1/3)=arctan(1).The problem is,to some fixed number A,you have to write a program to calculate the minimum sum B+C.A,B and C are all positive integers and satisfy the equation below:

arctan(1/A)=arctan(1/B)+arctan(1/C)

Input

The first line contains a integer number T.T lines follow,each contains a single integer A, 1<=A<=60000.

Output

T lines,each contains a single integer which denotes to the minimum sum B+C.

Sample Input

1
1

Sample Output

5

Hint

Some new test data has been added on Feb.15, 2009, 36 users lose their Accepted.

Source limit:    256B
Languages   :    All except: C99 strict ERL JS

预备公式：

tan(arctan(A))=A;

arctan(A)+arctan(B)=arctan((A+B)/(1-B*C));

对题目的式子经行变形之后可以发现 A=（B*C-1）/(B+C);

取B=A+m，C=A+n 带入得 m*n=a*a+1;

而我们要求的是 2*A+m+n 的最小值

由不等式 m+n>=2*sqrt(m*n) 知此时m=n时取到最小值

那么对于m来说只需要枚举sqrt（a*a+1）->1 只要整除 a*a+1即是答案

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        long long a,b;
        scanf("%lld",&a);
        b=sqrt(a*a+1);
        while((a*a+1)%b) b--;
        printf("%lld\n",2*a+b+(a*a+1)/b);
    }
}