c++实现string类的常用操作

在String类中声明一个指向字符数组的指针作为值

#include<iostream>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

class String {
private:
    char *str;
public:
//通用构造函数
    String(const char *str = NULL);
    //拷贝构造函数
    String(const String &string1);
    //在原有的字符串上增加新的字符串
    void append(const char *str);
    void append(const String &str);
    //打印字符串的值
    void Print();
    //获取当前字符串的长度
    size_t size();
     //从指定位置获取指定长度的字符串
    char *subString(int index, int len);
   //重载==
    bool operator==(const String &str) const;  
    //重载[]  
    char &operator[](int n) const;
    String operator+(const String &str2);
    String operator=(char *str);
    friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, String &str);//输入
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, String &str);//输出
    ~String();
};

String::String(const char *str) {
    if (!str) {
        this->str = new char[1];
        this->str = '\0';
    } else {
        this->str = new char[strlen(str)];
        strcpy(this->str, str);
    }
}

String::String(const String &str) {
    this->str = new char[strlen(str.str) + 1];
    strcpy(this->str, str.str);
}


void String::append(const char *str) {
    strcat(this->str, str);
}

void String::append(const String &str) {
    strcat(this->str, str.str);
}

void String::Print() {
    cout << this->str;
}

size_t String::size() {
    return strlen(this->str);
}

String String::operator+(const String &str2) {
    String newString;
    newString = new char[strlen(this->str) + strlen(str2.str) + 1];
    strcpy(newString.str, this->str);
    strcat(newString.str, str2.str);
    return newString;
}

char *String::subString(int index, int len) {
    char *str2 = new char[len];
    strncpy(str2, (this->str) + index, (size_t) len);
    return str2;
}

bool String::operator==(const String &str) const {
    if (strcmp(this->str, str.str) == 0) {
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

String String::operator=(char *str) {
    delete[]this->str;
    this->str = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
    strcpy(this->str, str);
    return *this;
}

char &String::operator[](int n) const {
    if (n > strlen(this->str))
        return this->str[strlen(this->str) - 1];
    return this->str[n];
}

 istream &operator>>(istream &is, String &str) {
    char tem[1000];  //简单的申请一块内存
    is >> tem;
    str.str = new char[strlen(tem)];
    strcpy(str.str, tem);
    return is;
}

 ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, String &str) {
    os << str.str;
    return os;
}

String::~String() {

    cout << "~String" << endl;
    delete[]str;
}
//特别简单的测试
int main() {
    String str;
    str = "i am String";
    str.Print();
    cout << "size=" << str.size() << endl;
    String str2("i am str2");
    String str3(str2);

    str.append("ou");
    str.Print();
    cout << "substring =" << str.subString(1, 5) << endl;

    String str4;
    cin >> str4;
    cout << str4;
    return 0;
}