叙述:
最近在撘SSM框架,突然觉得自己知识还是不够,各种查资料慢慢的摸索,所以写下心得纪念一下,也为以后的使用留个参考
Spring:
Spring是一个管理框架,底层运用了23中设计模式中的工厂设计模式,用来将现有的项目中的每一个组件统一生产并管理(注意:实体类一般不管理)
两大核心思想:
IOC:控制反转(将原来的new对象,交给Spring工厂进行管理)
AOP:面向切面编程(从切面入手,通过动态代理类给目标类增加额外功能)
动态代理类的两种实现方式: JDK提供和cglib动态代理(以后单独分析代理)
关于DI的依赖注入:Spring不但要创建对象,还要建立类与类之间的关系,所以引入了DI注入,
DI 注入的三中方式:1 set 注入
2 构造注入
3 自动注入
(曾经在面试宝典看到过五中方式,另外两种没有用过暂且不叙述)
SpringMVC:
SpringMVC是一个控制层(Controller),用来和接受客户端的数据,相当于Struts的action,更好的与Spring结合,是一个轻量级框架
Mybatis:
Mybatis是一个持久层框架,封装了jdbc,主要用来操作数据库的增删改查,自动完成了对象之间的映射
开发流程:
1 Maven需要的jar,在pom.xml中配置
<properties>
02. <!-- spring版本号 -->
03. <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
04. <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
05. <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
06. <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
07. <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
08. <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
09. </properties>
10.
11. <dependencies>
12. <dependency>
13. <groupId>junit</groupId>
14. <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
15. <version>4.11</version>
16. <!-- 表示开发的时候引入,发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
17. <scope>test</scope>
18. </dependency>
19. <!-- spring核心包 -->
20. <dependency>
21. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
22. <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
23. <version>${spring.version}</version>
24. </dependency>
25.
26. <dependency>
27. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
28. <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
29. <version>${spring.version}</version>
30. </dependency>
31. <dependency>
32. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
33. <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
34. <version>${spring.version}</version>
35. </dependency>
36. <dependency>
37. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
38. <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
39. <version>${spring.version}</version>
40. </dependency>
41.
42. <dependency>
43. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
44. <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
45. <version>${spring.version}</version>
46. </dependency>
47.
48. <dependency>
49. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
50. <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
51. <version>${spring.version}</version>
52. </dependency>
53. <dependency>
54. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
55. <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
56. <version>${spring.version}</version>
57. </dependency>
58.
59. <dependency>
60. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
61. <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
62. <version>${spring.version}</version>
63. </dependency>
64.
65. <dependency>
66. <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
67. <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
68. <version>${spring.version}</version>
69. </dependency>
70. <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
71. <dependency>
72. <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
73. <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
74. <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
75. </dependency>
76. <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
77. <dependency>
78. <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
79. <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
80. <version>1.2.2</version>
81. </dependency>
82. <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
83. <dependency>
84. <groupId>javax</groupId>
85. <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
86. <version>7.0</version>
87. </dependency>
88. <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
89. <dependency>
90. <groupId>mysql</groupId>
91. <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
92. <version>5.1.30</version>
93. </dependency>
94. <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
95. <dependency>
96. <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
97. <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
98. <version>1.2.2</version>
99. </dependency>
100. <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
101. <dependency>
102. <groupId>jstl</groupId>
103. <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
104. <version>1.2</version>
105. </dependency>
106. <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
107. <!-- log start -->
108. <dependency>
109. <groupId>log4j</groupId>
110. <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
111. <version>${log4j.version}</version>
112. </dependency>
113.
114.
115. <!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
116. <dependency>
117. <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
118. <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
119. <version>1.1.41</version>
120. </dependency>
121.
122.
123. <dependency>
124. <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
125. <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
126. <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
127. </dependency>
128.
129. <dependency>
130. <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
131. <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
132. <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
133. </dependency>
134. <!-- log end -->
135. <!-- 映入JSON -->
136. <dependency>
137. <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
138. <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
139. <version>1.9.13</version>
140. </dependency>
141. <!-- 上传组件包 -->
142. <dependency>
143. <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
144. <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
145. <version>1.3.1</version>
146. </dependency>
147. <dependency>
148. <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
149. <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
150. <version>2.4</version>
151. </dependency>
152. <dependency>
153. <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
154. <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
155. <version>1.9</version>
156. </dependency>
157.
158.
159. </dependencies>
2 Spring+Mybatis的整合
jdbc.propertes外部资源文件配置
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
02. url=jdbc:mysql://10.221.10.111:8080/db_zsl
03. username=demao
04. password=demao
05. #定义初始连接数
06. initialSize=0
07. #定义最大连接数
08. maxActive=20
09. #定义最大空闲
10. maxIdle=20
11. #定义最小空闲
12. minIdle=1
13. #定义最长等待时间
14. maxWait=20000
aplicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
03. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
04. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
05. xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
06. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
07. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
08. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
09. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
12. <!-- 自动扫描 -->
13. <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn.hnust" />
14. <!-- 引入配置文件 -->
15. <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
16. class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
17. <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
18. </bean>
19.
20. <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
21. destroy-method="close">
22. <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
23. <property name="url" value="${url}" />
24. <property name="username" value="${username}" />
25. <property name="password" value="${password}" />
26. <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
27. <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
28. <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
29. <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
30. <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
31. <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
32. <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
33. <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
34. <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
35. <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
36. </bean>
37.
38. <!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
39. <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
40. <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
41. <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
42. <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/cn/hnust/mapping/*.xml"></property>
43. </bean>
44.
45. <!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
46. <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
47. <property name="basePackage" value="com.cn.hnust.dao" />
48. <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
49. </bean>
50.
51. <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
52. <bean id="transactionManager"
53. class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
54. <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
55. </bean>
56.
57. </beans>
log4j的配置文件
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
03. #定义日志输出目的地为控制台
04. log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
05. log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
06. #可以灵活地指定日志输出格式,下面一行是指定具体的格式
07. log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
08. log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
09.
10. #文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
11. log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
12. #指定输出目录
13. log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
14. #定义文件最大大小
15. log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
16. # 输出所以日志,如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
17. log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
18. log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
19. log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
Junit测试
首先PowerDisney建立一个表
利用Generator自动生成实体类,SQL,和Dao
在创建Service接口和实现类
17.
18. @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //表示继承了SpringJUnit4ClassRunner类
19. @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
20.
21. public class TestMyBatis {
22. private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMyBatis.class);
23. // private ApplicationContext ac = null;
24. @Resource
25. private IUserService userService = null;
26.
27. // @Before
28. // public void before() {
29. // ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
30. // userService = (IUserService) ac.getBean("userService");
31. // }
32.
33. @Test
34. public void test1() {
35. User user = userService.getUserById(1);
36. // System.out.println(user.getUserName());
37. // logger.info("值:"+user.getUserName());
38. logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(user));
39. }
40. }
测试通过了就成功一半了
配置SpringMVC
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
03. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
04. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
05. xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
06. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
07. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
08. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
09. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
11. http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
12. <!-- 自动扫描该包,使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
13. <context:component-scan base-package="com.cn.hnust.controller" />
14. <!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
15. <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
16. class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
17. <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
18. <list>
19. <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
20. </list>
21. </property>
22. </bean>
23. <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
24. <bean
25. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
26. <property name="messageConverters">
27. <list>
28. <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
29. </list>
30. </property>
31. </bean>
32. <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->
33. <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
34. <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
35. <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
36. <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
37. </bean>
38.
39. <!-- 配置文件上传,如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置,当然如果不配,那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
40. <bean id="multipartResolver"
41. class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
42. <!-- 默认编码 -->
43. <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
44. <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
45. <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
46. <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
47. <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
48. </bean>
49.
50. </beans>
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
03. xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
04. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
05. version="3.0">
06. <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
07. <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
08. <context-param>
09. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
10. <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
11. </context-param>
12. <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
13. <filter>
14. <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
15. <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
16. <async-supported>true</async-supported>
17. <init-param>
18. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
19. <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
20. </init-param>
21. </filter>
22. <filter-mapping>
23. <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
24. <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
25. </filter-mapping>
26. <!-- Spring监听器 -->
27. <listener>
28. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
29. </listener>
30. <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
31. <listener>
32. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
33. </listener>
34.
35. <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
36. <servlet>
37. <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
38. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
39. <init-param>
40. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
41. <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
42. </init-param>
43. <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
44. <async-supported>true</async-supported>
45. </servlet>
46. <servlet-mapping>
47. <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
48. <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do,对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
49. <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
50. </servlet-mapping>
51. <welcome-file-list>
52. <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
53. </welcome-file-list>
54.
55. </web-app>
建立一个简单的Controller
13. @Controller
14. @RequestMapping("/user")
15. public class UserController {
16. @Resource
17. private IUserService userService;
18.
19. @RequestMapping("/showUser")
20. public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
21. int userId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
22. User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);
23. model.addAttribute("user", user);
24. return "showUser";
25. }
26. }
部署项目
输入网址:localhost:8080/项目名称/user/showUser?id=1
如果不成功 就继续和bug战斗吧,,,,,,,
参考文献点击打开链接