Channel和Buffer的使用

使用ByteBuffer和Channel将字符串写入文件

public class NIOFileChannel01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

        String str = "hello,Mz";
        //创建一个输出流->channel
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("f:\\file01.txt");

        //通过 fileOutputStream 获取 对应的 FileChannel
        //这个 fileChannel 真实 类型是  FileChannelImpl
        FileChannel fileChannel = fileOutputStream.getChannel();

        //创建一个缓冲区 ByteBuffer
        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

        //将 str 放入 byteBuffer
        byteBuffer.put(str.getBytes());


        //对byteBuffer 进行flip
        byteBuffer.flip();

        //将byteBuffer 数据写入到 fileChannel
        fileChannel.write(byteBuffer);
        fileOutputStream.close();

    }
}

使用Channel和ByteBuffer将文件读取为字符串

public class NIOFileChannel02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        //创建文件的输入流
        File file = new File("f:\\file01.txt");
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);

        //通过fileInputStream 获取对应的FileChannel -> 实际类型  FileChannelImpl
        FileChannel fileChannel = fileInputStream.getChannel();

        //创建缓冲区
        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate((int) file.length());

        //将 通道的数据读入到Buffer
        fileChannel.read(byteBuffer);

        //将byteBuffer 的 字节数据 转成String
        System.out.println(new String(byteBuffer.array()));
        fileInputStream.close();

    }
}

使用两个Channel和一个ByteBuffer进行文件拷贝

public class NIOFileChannel03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("1.txt");
        FileChannel fileChannel01 = fileInputStream.getChannel();

        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("2.txt");
        FileChannel fileChannel02 = fileOutputStream.getChannel();

        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(512);

        while (true) { //循环读取

            //这里有一个重要的操作，一定不要忘了
            /*
             public final Buffer clear() {
                position = 0;
                limit = capacity;
                mark = -1;
                return this;
            }
             */
            byteBuffer.clear(); //清空buffer
            int read = fileChannel01.read(byteBuffer);
            System.out.println("read =" + read);
            if(read == -1) { //表示读完
                break;
            }
            //将buffer 中的数据写入到 fileChannel02 -- 2.txt
            byteBuffer.flip();
            fileChannel02.write(byteBuffer);
        }

        //关闭相关的流
        fileInputStream.close();
        fileOutputStream.close();
    }
}

使用transferFrom进行文件拷贝

public class NIOFileChannel04 {
    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("d:\\a1.jpg");
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("d:\\a2.jpg");

        FileChannel source = fileInputStream.getChannel();
        FileChannel target = fileOutputStream.getChannel();

//        使用transferFrom完成拷贝
        target.transferFrom(source,0,source.size());
//        关闭相关通道和流
        source.close();
        target.close();
        fileInputStream.close();
        fileOutputStream.close();

    }
}

Buffer的get和put顺序要一致（否则可能报异常）

public class NIOByteBufferPutGet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建一个Buffer
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(64);

        //类型化方式放入数据
        buffer.putInt(100);
        buffer.putLong(9);
        buffer.putChar('尚');
        buffer.putShort((short) 4);

        //取出
        buffer.flip();

        System.out.println();

        System.out.println(buffer.getInt());
        System.out.println(buffer.getLong());
        System.out.println(buffer.getLong());
        System.out.println(buffer.getShort());
    }
}

ReadOnlyBuffer注意事项

public class ReadOnlyBuffer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建一个buffer
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(64);

        for(int i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
            buffer.put((byte)i);
        }

        //读取
        buffer.flip();

        //得到一个只读的Buffer
        ByteBuffer readOnlyBuffer = buffer.asReadOnlyBuffer();
        System.out.println(readOnlyBuffer.getClass());

        //读取
        while (readOnlyBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
            System.out.println(readOnlyBuffer.get());
        }

        readOnlyBuffer.put((byte)100); //ReadOnlyBufferException
    }
}

MappedByteBuffer的使用

/*
说明
1. MappedByteBuffer 可让文件直接在内存(堆外内存)修改, 操作系统不需要拷贝一次
 */
public class MappedByteBufferTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile("1.txt", "rw");
        //获取对应的通道
        FileChannel channel = randomAccessFile.getChannel();

        /**
         * 参数1: FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE 使用的读写模式
         * 参数2： 0 ： 可以直接修改的起始位置
         * 参数3:  5: 是映射到内存的大小(不是索引位置) ,即将 1.txt 的多少个字节映射到内存
         * 可以直接修改的范围就是 0-5
         * 实际类型 DirectByteBuffer
         */
        MappedByteBuffer mappedByteBuffer = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, 5);

        mappedByteBuffer.put(0, (byte) 'H');
        mappedByteBuffer.put(3, (byte) '9');
        mappedByteBuffer.put(5, (byte) 'Y');//IndexOutOfBoundsException

        randomAccessFile.close();
        System.out.println("修改成功~~");
    }
}

ScatteringAndGathering（使用Buffer数组的方式读取）

/**
 * Scattering：将数据写入到buffer时，可以采用buffer数组，依次写入  [分散]
 * Gathering: 从buffer读取数据时，可以采用buffer数组，依次读
 */
public class ScatteringAndGatheringTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        //使用 ServerSocketChannel 和 SocketChannel 网络

        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(7000);

        //绑定端口到socket ，并启动
        serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(inetSocketAddress);

        //创建buffer数组
        ByteBuffer[] byteBuffers = new ByteBuffer[2];
        byteBuffers[0] = ByteBuffer.allocate(5);
        byteBuffers[1] = ByteBuffer.allocate(3);

        //等客户端连接(telnet)
        SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
        int messageLength = 8;   //假定从客户端接收8个字节
        //循环的读取
        while (true) {

            int byteRead = 0;

            while (byteRead < messageLength ) {
                long l = socketChannel.read(byteBuffers);
                byteRead += l; //累计读取的字节数
                System.out.println("byteRead=" + byteRead);
                //使用流打印, 看看当前的这个buffer的position 和 limit
                Arrays.asList(byteBuffers).stream().map(buffer -> "postion=" + buffer.position() + ", limit=" + buffer.limit()).forEach(System.out::println);
            }

            //将所有的buffer进行flip
            Arrays.asList(byteBuffers).forEach(buffer -> buffer.flip());

            //将数据读出显示到客户端
            long byteWirte = 0;
            while (byteWirte < messageLength) {
                long l = socketChannel.write(byteBuffers); //
                byteWirte += l;
            }

            //将所有的buffer 进行clear
            Arrays.asList(byteBuffers).forEach(buffer-> {
                buffer.clear();
            });

            System.out.println("byteRead:=" + byteRead + " byteWrite=" + byteWirte + ", messagelength" + messageLength);
        }
    }
}