20211026 python 装饰器和命名空间

如何理解Python装饰器？ - 知乎

Python命名空间的本质 - windlaughing - 博客园
 

python 多层装饰器加载和执行顺序 - 萤huo虫 - 博客园

1、def decorator(func):

        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):

                print('123')

                return func(*args, **kwargs)

         return wrapper

@decorator

def say_hello():        

        print('同学你好')

 say_hello()

123
同学你好

2、带参数(多一层)

def info(value):

        def decorator(func):

                def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):

                        print(value)

                        return func(*args, **kwargs)

                return wrapper

        return decorator

@info('456')

def say_hello():

        print('同学你好')

say_hello()

456
同学你好

3、 @wraps(func)

from functools import wraps

def decorator(func):

        @wraps(func)

        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):

                """doc of wrapper"""

                print('123')

                return func(*args, **kwargs)

         return wrapper

@decorator

def say_hello():

        """doc of say hello"""

        print('同学你好')

print(say_hello.__name__)

print(say_hello.__doc__)

say_hello
doc of say hello

6、多层

加载自下而上，   执行自上而下

# an example of python decorator
def deco1(func):
    print(1)
    def wrapper1():
        print(2)
        func()
        print(3)
    print(4)
    return wrapper1

def deco2(func):
    print(5)
    def wrapper2():
        print(6)
        func()
        print(7)
    print(8)
    return wrapper2

@deco1
@deco2
def foo():
    print('foo')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    foo()

5
8
1
4
2
6
foo
7
3
 

类装饰器

class Decorator:

def __init__(self, func):

        self.func = func

def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        print('123')

        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)

@Decorator

def say_hello():

        print('同学你好')

say_hello()

# 被装饰函数重新定义
import functools

# 使用自定义装饰器会改变被装饰的函数的函数名，解决方法：
# 第一种 import functools  @functoool.wraps(func)
# 第二种 cell_fun.__name__ = func.__name__
def set_fun(func):
    @functools.wraps(func)
    def cell_fun():
        print('cell_fun')

    # cell_fun.__name__ = func.__name__
    return cell_fun


@set_fun
def a():
    print('a run')


print(a.__name__)