针对yum与rpm命令某一类报错解决方法

当我们服务器的yum源发生一下报错时的解决方法，正常yum出错我们会选择清理yum缓存进行修复，但是小编今天无论执行yum或者rpm的命令都是报一堆error，可能是小伙伴渗透给我搞得破坏吧！下面我们就说说如何解决这个问题。

[root@VM-12-16-centos ~]# yum install lrzsz -y
error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 28431/140683096082496 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 -  (-30973)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed

#进入/var/lib/rpm的目录下将__db的文件都干掉，小编比较谨慎rm就不加参数-rf了

[root@VM-12-16-centos ~]# cd /var/lib/rpm
[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# ls
Basenames  Conflictname  __db.001  __db.002  __db.003  Dirnames  Group  Installtid  Name  Obsoletename  Packages  Providename  Requirename  Sha1header  Sigmd5  Triggername

[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# rm __db*
rm: remove regular file ‘__db.001’? y
rm: remove regular file ‘__db.002’? y
rm: remove regular file ‘__db.003’? y

[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# ls
Basenames  Conflictname  Dirnames  Group  Installtid  Name  Obsoletename  Packages  Providename  Requirename  Sha1header  Sigmd5  Triggername

#重构yum

[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# rpm --rebuilddb
[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# ll
total 97532
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3166208 Mar 31 21:56 Basenames
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     8192 Mar 31 21:56 Conflictname
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1433600 Mar 31 21:56 Dirnames
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    20480 Mar 31 21:56 Group
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    16384 Mar 31 21:56 Installtid
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    40960 Mar 31 21:56 Name

#这样我们的yum就被修复好了

[root@VM-12-16-centos rpm]# yum install sysstat 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:10.1.5-19.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libsensors.so.4()(64bit) for package: sysstat-10.1.5-19.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lm_sensors-libs.x86_64 0:3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Arch                                       Version                                                             Repository                              Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 sysstat                                             x86_64                                     10.1.5-19.el7                                                       os                                     315 k
Installing for dependencies:
 lm_sensors-libs                                     x86_64                                     3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7                                      os                                      42 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 357 k
Installed size: 1.2 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: