ListSet_有序表搜索

一个有序表可以看成是一个已按关键字排序的有序集.

表的最后添增设了一个被称作哨兵的元素, 关键字为INF. 若表长为n, 需要在l[n]位置存放哨兵元素. 增加哨兵元素以后, 在for循环中不再

需要通过下标来判定是否已经查完整个表. 当表中l[i]的关键字值大于等于指定元素x的关键字时, for循环结束.

搜索失败的平均搜索长度: n / 2 + 2.

实现代码:

#include "iostream"
#include "cstdio"
#include "cstring"
#include "algorithm"
#include "assert.h"
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 9999;

enum ResultCode
{
    Underflow, Overflow, Success, Duplicate, NotPresent
};
template <class T>
class DynamicSet
{
public:
	virtual ResultCode Search(T &x) const = 0; // 表中搜索与x关键字相同的元素, 若存在则赋值给x并且返回Success, 否则返回NotPresent
	virtual ResultCode Insert(T &x) = 0; // 表中搜索与x关键字相同的元素, 若存在该元素, 赋值给x返回Duplicate, 若表已满返回Overflow, 若表未满返回Success
	virtual ResultCode Remove(T &x) = 0; // 表中搜索与x关键字相同的元素, 若存在该元素, 赋值给x返回Success, 否则返回NotPresent
	virtual bool IsEmpty() const = 0; // 集合为空返回true
	virtual bool IsFull() const = 0; // 集合为满返回true
	/* data */
};

template <class T>
class ListSet: public DynamicSet<T>
{
public:
	ListSet( int mSize );
	~ListSet() { delete []l; }
	bool IsEmpty() const { return n == 0; }
	bool IsFull() const { return n == maxSize; }
	ResultCode Search(T &x) const;
	ResultCode Insert(T &x);
	ResultCode Remove(T &x);
	void Print();
private:
	T *l;
	int maxSize, n;
	/* data */
};

template <class T>
void ListSet<T>::Print()
{
	for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		cout << l[i] << "\t";
	cout << endl;
}

template <class T>
ListSet<T>::ListSet(int mSize)
{
	maxSize = mSize;
	l = new T[maxSize];
	n = 0;
}

template <class T>
ResultCode ListSet<T>::Insert(T &x)
{
	assert(!IsFull());
	l[n++] = x;
	l[n] = MAXN;
	return Success;
}

template <class T>
ResultCode ListSet<T>::Remove(T &x)
{

}

template <class T>
ResultCode ListSet<T>::Search(T &x) const
{
	for(int i = 0; l[i] <= x; ++i)
		if(l[i] == x) {
			x = l[i];
			return Success;
		}
	return NotPresent;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	ListSet<int> ls(20);
	int x = 11; ls.Insert(x);
	x = 22; ls.Insert(x);
	x = 33; ls.Insert(x);
	x = 44; ls.Insert(x);
	x = 88; ls.Insert(x);
	x = 100; ls.Insert(x);
	ls.Print();
	x = 88;
	if(ls.Search(x) == Success) cout << "Found " << x << endl;
	else cout << "Not Found " << x << endl;
	return 0;
}