Spring之使用JDBC访问关系数据

Accessing Relational Data using JDBC with Spring

目标：
使用JdbcTemplate访问关系数据库

添加依赖：

<dependency>
     <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
     <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
</dependency>

注：H2, an in-memory relational database engine
Spring Boot自动的创建到数据库的链接
@Autowired JdbcTemplate自动创建JdbcTemplate实例并连接到数据库

创建Customer实体类

package hello;

public class Customer {
    private long id;
    private String firstName, lastName;

    public Customer(long id, String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.id = id;
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format(
                "Customer[id=%d, firstName='%s', lastName='%s']",
                id, firstName, lastName);
    }

    // getters & setters omitted for brevity
}

存储并取出数据

package hello;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Override
    public void run(String... strings) throws Exception {

        log.info("Creating tables");

        jdbcTemplate.execute("DROP TABLE customers IF EXISTS");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE customers(" +
                "id SERIAL, first_name VARCHAR(255), last_name VARCHAR(255))");

        // Split up the array of whole names into an array of first/last names
        List<Object[]> splitUpNames = Arrays.asList("John Woo", "Jeff Dean", "Josh Bloch", "Josh Long").stream()
                .map(name -> name.split(" "))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        // Use a Java 8 stream to print out each tuple of the list
        splitUpNames.forEach(name -> log.info(String.format("Inserting customer record for %s %s", name[0], name[1])));

        // Uses JdbcTemplate's batchUpdate operation to bulk load data
        jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO customers(first_name, last_name) VALUES (?,?)", splitUpNames);

        log.info("Querying for customer records where first_name = 'Josh':");
        jdbcTemplate.query(
                "SELECT id, first_name, last_name FROM customers WHERE first_name = ?", new Object[] { "Josh" },
                (rs, rowNum) -> new Customer(rs.getLong("id"), rs.getString("first_name"), rs.getString("last_name"))
        ).forEach(customer -> log.info(customer.toString()));
    }
}

注：CommandLineRunner接口
实现该接口将在Application Context加载完成之后
执行该接口的成员方法：run(…) {… }
代码中看不懂的地方：比如“->”运算符等，属于jdk 8 中的特性。

测试：
输出信息如下：

2015-06-19 10:58:31.152  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Creating tables
2015-06-19 10:58:31.219  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Inserting customer record for John Woo
2015-06-19 10:58:31.220  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Inserting customer record for Jeff Dean
2015-06-19 10:58:31.220  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Inserting customer record for Josh Bloch
2015-06-19 10:58:31.220  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Inserting customer record for Josh Long
2015-06-19 10:58:31.230  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Querying for customer records where first_name = 'Josh':
2015-06-19 10:58:31.242  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Customer[id=3, firstName='Josh', lastName='Bloch']
2015-06-19 10:58:31.242  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Customer[id=4, firstName='Josh', lastName='Long']
2015-06-19 10:58:31.244  INFO 67731 --- [           main] hello.Application                        : Started Application in 1.693 seconds (JVM running for 2.054)