Springmvc异常处理、SimpleMappingExceptionResolver、自定义异常处理器（需实现HandlerExceptionResolver接口）

1.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

建一个无骨架的maven项目：
pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>Springmvc_day3_Exception</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

service(放异常的方法)：

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

public interface DemoService {
    void show1();

    void show2();

    void show3() throws FileNotFoundException;

    void show4();

    void show5() throws MyException;
}

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    public void show1() {
        System.out.println("抛出类型转换异常....");
        Object str = "zhangsan";
        Integer num = (Integer)str;
    }

    public void show2() {
        System.out.println("抛出除零异常....");
        int i = 1/0;
    }

    public void show3() throws FileNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("文件找不到异常....");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream("C:/xxx/xxx/xxx.txt");
    }

    public void show4() {
        System.out.println("空指针异常.....");
        String str = null;
        str.length();
    }

    public void show5() throws MyException {
        System.out.println("自定义异常....");
        throw new MyException();
    }
}

自定义异常类，不是下面的异常处理器哦：

package com.itheima.exception;

public class MyException extends Exception {

}

Controller（调用service的有异常方法）：

package com.itheima.controller;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

@Controller
public class DemoController {

    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show1")
    public String show1() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show1();
        //只有上面方法没异常才会跳到下面的index.jsp，有异常就跳到springmvc.xml指定的异常视图了（eg：error.jsp）
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show2")
    public String show2() {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show2();
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show3")
    public String show3() throws FileNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show3();
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show4")
    public String show4() {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show4();
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show2")
    public String show5() throws MyException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show5();
        return "index";
    }


}

要实现SimpleMappingExceptionResolver就要在springmvc-xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

    <!--1、mvc注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--2、配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--4、组件扫描  扫描Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>

    <!--配置异常处理器-->
    <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        &lt;!&ndash;<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>&ndash;&gt;
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <map>
                <entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error1"/>
                <entry key="com.itheima.exception.MyException" value="error2"/>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>-->

    <!--配置异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver用-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"></property> <!--默认异常视图-->
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <map>
                <entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error1"/> <!--这是若抛出的异常是ClassCastException则跳转到error1.jsp-->
                <entry key="com.itheima.exception.MyException" value="error2"></entry> <!--这是若抛出的异常是MyException则跳转到error2.jsp-->
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

输入：

2.自定义异常处理器

新建一个MyExceptionResolver 的异常处理器：

package com.itheima.resolver;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
     /*
        参数Exception：异常对象
        返回值ModelAndView：跳转到错误视图信息比如自己定义的error.jsp
     */

    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e){
        ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();

        if (e instanceof MyException) //就是e这个异常对象属于MyException就设置这个值,再跳转到错误视图
        {
            modelAndView.addObject("info","自定义类的异常");
        }else if (e instanceof ClassCastException){
            modelAndView.addObject("info","类型转换异常!");
        }

        modelAndView.setViewName("error");  //若出现异常属于上面的类别则会跳转到这个错误视图
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

error.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>通用的错误提示页面</h1>
    <h1>${info}</h1>
</body>
</html>

error1.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>类型转换异常</h1>
</body>
</html>

error2.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>自定义异常MyException类的</h1>
</body>
</html>

index.jsp(不报异常才会执行，因为它在异常的下面才转发):

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!这是没有异常才会转发到这里</h2>
</body>
</html>

在springmvc.xml把上面的注释掉，这个配置很简单，把类加载就行：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

    <!--1、mvc注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--2、配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--4、组件扫描  扫描Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>

    <!--自定义异常处理器-->
    <bean class="com.itheima.resolver.MyExceptionResolver"/>
</beans>

因为上面接受了info的键

3.小结

这样你就不用在里面的代码try/catch了，有就抛就行，springmvc会帮你处理而且在配置文件配置一下就行，还解耦合