双亲委派机制

每个类加载都有一个父类加载器，我们通过下面的程序来验证。

public class ClassLoaderDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is " + ClassLoaderDemo.class.getClassLoader());
        System.out.println("The Parent of ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is " + ClassLoaderDemo.class.getClassLoader().getParent());
        System.out.println("The GrandParent of ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is " + ClassLoaderDemo.class.getClassLoader().getParent().getParent());
    }
}

Output

ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2
The Parent of ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is sun.misc.Launcher$ExtClassLoader@1b6d3586
The GrandParent of ClassLodarDemo's ClassLoader is null

private final ClassLoader parent; 
protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)
        throws ClassNotFoundException
    {
        synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
            // 首先，检查请求的类是否已经被加载过
            Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
            if (c == null) {
                long t0 = System.nanoTime();
                try {
                    if (parent != null) {//父加载器不为空，调用父加载器loadClass()方法处理
                        c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
                    } else {//父加载器为空，使用启动类加载器 BootstrapClassLoader 加载
                        c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
                    }
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                   //抛出异常说明父类加载器无法完成加载请求
                }
                
                if (c == null) {
                    long t1 = System.nanoTime();
                    //自己尝试加载
                    c = findClass(name);

                    // this is the defining class loader; record the stats
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
                }
            }
            if (resolve) {
                resolveClass(c);
            }
            return c;
        }
    }