c# ping

c# ping

2007年10月27日 星期六 19:29

icscs著 本文主要是用于熟悉.NET 2.0中一个新的命名空间System.Net.NetworkInformation的使用,这个命名空间包括了一个Ping类... 翻译 Stefan Prodan著Ping.exe replica in C# 2.0 简介 我正在做一个应用程序，它需要连接到一个webservice并和它交换数据。因此在创建proxy对象之前，我需要检查这个客户端是否已经连接到inernet，是否能够访问到Webservice的网络地址。最容易的方法是使用Process类直接调用Ping.exe应用程序，然后获取我需要的信息。但是，为了这么小的一个功能就去调用一个外部应用程序是很不好代码，更不用说还有调用系统组件的安全性问题。在 .NET Framework 1.0 或 1.1中，微软并没有提供一个类似ping功能的类。不过，在搜索了MSDN之后，我发现在C#2.0中，有一个新的命名空间System.Net.NetworkInformation,这个命名空间包括了一个Ping类。 因此，我写了一个仅仅包含170行代码的控制台应用程序熟悉这个类的使用。 背景 MSDN 对System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping 类的描述 http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.networkinformation.ping.aspx Wesley Brown在CodeProject上发表的C# 1.1 Ping Component http://www.codeproject.com/dotnet/CSharpPing.asp 参考本站的译文C#实现ping功能(.net 1.1) 代码使用 这个应用程序的Main方法非常简单；它需要一个地址，然后调用DNS.GetHostEntry方法处理这个地址。不过在处理之前，调用了IsOffline方法，用以判断客户端是否连接到因特网。IsOffline方法使用系统链接库Winnet中的InternetGetConnectedState方法。 检查因特网连接 [Flags] enum ConnectionState : int {        INTERNET_CONNECTION_MODEM = 0x1,        INTERNET_CONNECTION_LAN = 0x2,        INTERNET_CONNECTION_PROXY = 0x4,        INTERNET_RAS_INSTALLED = 0x10,        INTERNET_CONNECTION_OFFLINE = 0x20,        INTERNET_CONNECTION_CONFIGURED = 0x40 } [DllImport("wininet", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] static extern bool InternetGetConnectedState(ref ConnectionState lpdwFlags,                                              int dwReserved); static bool IsOffline() {        ConnectionState state = 0;        InternetGetConnectedState(ref state, 0);     if (((int)ConnectionState.INTERNET_CONNECTION_OFFLINE & (int)state) != 0)        {         return true;        }     return false; }   在一个StartPing方法的线程中执行ping static void StartPing(object argument) {        IPAddress ip = (IPAddress)argument;       //set options ttl=128 and no fragmentation        PingOptions options = new PingOptions(128, true);       //创建一个Ping对象        Ping ping = new Ping();       //32个空字节的缓冲区        byte[] data = new byte[32];       int received = 0;        List<long> responseTimes = new List<long>();       //ping 4 次       for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)        {            PingReply reply = ping.Send(ip, 1000, data, options);           if (reply != null)            {               switch (reply.Status)                {                   case IPStatus.Success:                        Console.WriteLine("Reply from {0}: " +                           "bytes={1} time={2}ms TTL={3}",                            reply.Address, reply.Buffer.Length,                            reply.RoundtripTime, reply.Options.Ttl);                        received++;                        responseTimes.Add(reply.RoundtripTime);                       break;                   case IPStatus.TimedOut:                        Console.WriteLine("Request timed out.");                       break;                   default:                        Console.WriteLine("Ping failed {0}",                                          reply.Status.ToString());                       break;                }            }           else            {                Console.WriteLine("Ping failed for an unknown reason");            }        }       //统计信息       long averageTime = -1;       long minimumTime = 0;       long maximumTime = 0;       for (int i = 0; i < responseTimes.Count; i++)        {           if (i == 0)            {                minimumTime = responseTimes[i];                maximumTime = responseTimes[i];            }           else            {               if (responseTimes[i] > maximumTime)                {                    maximumTime = responseTimes[i];                }               if (responseTimes[i] < minimumTime)                {                    minimumTime = responseTimes[i];                }            }            averageTime += responseTimes[i];        }        StringBuilder statistics = new StringBuilder();        statistics.AppendFormat("Ping statistics for {0}:", ip.ToString());        statistics.AppendLine();        statistics.AppendFormat("      Packets: Sent = 4, " +           "Received = {0}, Lost = {1} <{2}% loss>,",            received, 4 - received, Convert.ToInt32(((4 - received) * 100) / 4));        statistics.AppendLine();        statistics.Append("Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:");        statistics.AppendLine();       //在loss不为100%时显示       if (averageTime != -1)        {            statistics.AppendFormat("       Minimum = {0}ms, " +               "Maximum = {1}ms, Average = {2}ms",                minimumTime, maximumTime, (long)(averageTime / received));        }        Console.WriteLine();        Console.WriteLine(statistics.ToString());        Console.WriteLine();        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");        Console.ReadLine(); } Main函数首先检查用户是否输入了一个IP,然后验证是否连接到因特网，转换到IPAddress 类型，并开始线程。 static void Main(string[] args) {        string address = string.Empty;       if (args.Length == 0)        {            Console.WriteLine("PingDotNet needs a host or IP address, insert one");            address = Console.ReadLine();            Console.WriteLine();        }       else        {            address = args[0];        }       if (IsOffline())        {            Console.WriteLine("No internet connection detected.");            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");            Console.ReadLine();           return;        }        IPAddress ip = null;       try        {            ip = Dns.GetHostEntry(address).AddressList[0];        }       catch (System.Net.Sockets.SocketException ex)        {            Console.WriteLine("DNS Error: {0}", ex.Message);            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");            Console.ReadLine();           return;        }        Console.WriteLine("Pinging {0} [{1}] with 32 bytes of data:",                          address, ip.ToString());        Console.WriteLine();        Thread pingThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(StartPing));        pingThread.Start(ip);        pingThread.Join(); }