GDI+（5.图像应用）

1.获取设置图像像素值

private void pictureBox1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
    //获取图像像素值            
    Color color = new Color();
    if (pictureBox1.Image != null)
    {
        try
        {
            color = ((System.Drawing.Bitmap)pictureBox1.Image).GetPixel(e.X, e.Y);
            this.label4.Text = "(" + e.X.ToString() + "," + e.Y.ToString() + ")";
            this.label3.Text= " (" + color.R.ToString() + "," + color.G.ToString() + "," + color.B.ToString() + ")";
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message ,"提示信息");
        }
    }
    this.label3.BackColor = color;
}

private void pictureBox1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
    //设置图像像素值
    try
    {
        int X = e.X, Y = e.Y, Width = 80, Height = 80;
        Bitmap target = new Bitmap(Width, Height);
        Bitmap source = (Bitmap)(this.pictureBox1.Image);
        for (int i = X; i < X + Width; i++)
        {
            for (int j = Y; j < Y + Height; j++)
            {
                Color color = source.GetPixel(i, j);
                target.SetPixel(i - X, j - Y, color);
            }
        }
        this.pictureBox2.Image = target;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示");
    }
}

2.获取图像信息（尺寸、大小、类型）

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    //打开图像文件
    OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
    openFileDialog.Filter = "图像文件(JPeg, Gif)|*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.gif;| JPeg 图像文件(*.jpg;*.jpeg)|*.jpg;*.jpeg |GIF 图像文件(*.gif)|*.gif";
    if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
    {
        //得到原始大小的图像
        MyBitmap = new Bitmap(openFileDialog.FileName);
    }
    //MyBitmap.Height = pictureBox1.Height;
    //MyBitmap.Width = pictureBox1.Width;
    this.pictureBox1.Image = MyBitmap;
    //图片尺寸
    label1.Text = "尺寸：" + MyBitmap.Size.Width +"×"+MyBitmap .Size .Height;
    //图片类型
    string Type = openFileDialog.FileName.Substring(openFileDialog.FileName.IndexOf('.')+1);
    label2.Text = "类型：" + Type.ToUpper()+"图像";
    //图片大小
    float length = 0;
    if (openFileDialog.FileName != "")
    {
        System.IO.Stream stream = openFileDialog.OpenFile();
        length = (float)stream.Length;
    }
    label3.Text = "大小：" + Math.Round(length/1024f,2)+"MB";
}

3.实现数据库存取图片

private byte[] b;
Stream stream;
private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    openFileDialog1.Filter = "Image Files(*.BMP;*.JPG;*.GIF)|*.BMP;*.JPG;*.GIF";
    openFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "bmp";
    openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();
    if (openFileDialog1.FileName != "")
    {
         stream = openFileDialog1.OpenFile();
        int length = (int)stream.Length;
        b = new byte[length];
        stream.Read(b,0,length);
        this.pictureBox1.Image = new Bitmap(stream);
    }
}

private void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    //将图片以Image类型存储到数据库
    try
    {
        SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=a\\mr;uid=sa;pwd=;database=db_13");
        SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb_48", con);
        SqlCommandBuilder combuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(da);
        da.UpdateCommand = combuilder.GetUpdateCommand();
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        da.Fill(ds);
        DataRow newdr = ds.Tables[0].NewRow();
        newdr.BeginEdit();
        newdr[1] = openFileDialog1.FileName;
        newdr[2] = b;
        newdr.EndEdit();
        ds.Tables[0].Rows.Add(newdr);
        da.Update(ds);
        MessageBox.Show("保存成功!");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "提示信息");
    }
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    //从数据库读取Image类型的字段
    SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=a\\mr;uid=sa;pwd=;database=db_13");
    SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb_48 where name='"+comboBox1.Text.ToString ()+"'", con);
    SqlCommandBuilder combuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(da);
    da.UpdateCommand = combuilder.GetUpdateCommand();
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    da.Fill(ds);
    byte[] bytes = (byte[])ds.Tables[0].Rows[0][2];
    MemoryStream m = new MemoryStream(bytes);
    try
    {
        Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(m);
        this.pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "提示信息");
    }
}

4.绘制柱形图

//绘制柱形图
private void CreateImage()
{
    int height = 400, width = 600;
    Bitmap image = new Bitmap(width, height);
    //创建Graphics类对象
    Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);

    try
    {
        //清空图片背景色
        g.Clear(Color.White);

        Font font = new Font("Arial", 9, FontStyle.Regular);
        Font font1 = new Font("宋体", 20, FontStyle.Bold);

        LinearGradientBrush brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height), Color.Blue , Color.BlueViolet, 1.2f, true);
        g.FillRectangle(Brushes.WhiteSmoke, 0, 0, width, height);
       // Brush brush1 = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);

        g.DrawString("2007年各月份网站流量统计", font1, brush, new PointF(130, 30));
        //画图片的边框线
        g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Blue), 0, 0, image.Width - 1, image.Height - 1);

        Pen mypen = new Pen(brush, 1);
        //绘制线条
        //绘制横向线条
        int x = 100;
        for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)
        {
            g.DrawLine(mypen, x, 80, x, 340);
            x = x + 40;
        }
        Pen mypen1 = new Pen(Color.Blue, 2);
        g.DrawLine(mypen1, x - 480, 80, x - 480, 340);

        //绘制纵向线条
        int y = 106;
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
        {
            g.DrawLine(mypen, 60, y, 540, y);
            y = y + 26;
        }
        g.DrawLine(mypen1, 60, y, 540, y);

        //x轴
        String[] n = {"  一月", "  二月", "  三月", "  四月", "  五月", "  六月", "  七月",
                 "  八月", "  九月", "  十月", "十一月", "十二月"};
        x = 62;
        for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        {
            g.DrawString(n[i].ToString(), font, Brushes.Black , x, 348); //设置文字内容及输出位置
            x = x + 40;
        }

        //y轴
        String[] m = {"100%", " 90%", " 80%", " 70%", " 60%", " 50%", " 40%", " 30%",
                 " 20%", " 10%", "  0%"};
        y = 85;
        for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)
        {
            g.DrawString(m[i].ToString(), font, Brushes.Black, 25, y); //设置文字内容及输出位置
            y = y + 26;
        }

        int[] Count = new int[12];
        string cmdtxt2 = "";
        SqlConnection Con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConSql"]);
        Con.Open();
        SqlDataAdapter da;
        DataSet ds=new DataSet();
        for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        {
            cmdtxt2 = "select COUNT(*) AS count, Month( LoginTime) AS month from tb_53 where Year(LoginTime)=2007 and Month(LoginTime)=" + (i + 1) + "Group By Month(LoginTime)";
            da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmdtxt2, Con);
            da.Fill(ds,i.ToString ());
            if (ds.Tables[i].Rows.Count == 0)
            {
                Count[i] = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                Count[i] = Convert.ToInt32(ds.Tables[i].Rows[0][0].ToString()) * 100 / Total();
            }
        }
        //显示柱状效果
        x = 70;
        for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        {
            SolidBrush mybrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);
            g.FillRectangle(mybrush, x, 340 - Count[i] * 26 / 10, 20, Count[i] * 26 / 10);
            x = x + 40;
        }

        System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
        image.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
        Response.ClearContent();
        Response.ContentType = "image/Jpeg";
        Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
    }
    finally
    {
        g.Dispose();
        image.Dispose();
    }
}

//访问人数统计
public int Total()
{
    SqlConnection Con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConSql"]);
    Con.Open();
    string cmdtxt1 = "select * from tb_53 where Year(LoginTime)=2007";
    SqlDataAdapter dap = new SqlDataAdapter(cmdtxt1, Con);
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    dap.Fill(ds);
    int P_Int_total = ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count;//访问人数统计
    return P_Int_total;
}

5.绘制饼形图

private void CreateImage()
{
    //把连接字串指定为一个常量
    SqlConnection Con = new SqlConnection("Server=a\\mr;Database=db_13;Uid=sa;Pwd=");
    Con.Open();
    string cmdtxt = "select *  from tb_54";
    //SqlCommand Com = new SqlCommand(cmdtxt, Con);
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    SqlDataAdapter Da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmdtxt, Con);
    Da.Fill(ds);
    Con.Close();
    float Total = 0.0f, Tmp;

    for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
    {
        //转换成单精度。也可写成Convert.ToInt32
        Tmp = Convert.ToSingle(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["Quantity"]);
        Total += Tmp;
    }

    //设置字体，fonttitle为主标题的字体
    Font fontlegend = new Font("verdana", 9);
    Font fonttitle = new Font("verdana", 10, FontStyle.Bold);

    //背景宽
    int width = 230;
    int bufferspace = 15;
    int legendheight = fontlegend.Height * (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count + 1) + bufferspace;
    int titleheight = fonttitle.Height + bufferspace;
    int height = width + legendheight + titleheight + bufferspace;//白色背景高
    int pieheight = width;
    Rectangle pierect = new Rectangle(0, titleheight, width, pieheight);

    //加上各种随机色
    ArrayList colors = new ArrayList();
    Random rnd = new Random();
    for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
        colors.Add(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(rnd.Next(255), rnd.Next(255), rnd.Next(255))));

    //创建一个bitmap实例
    Bitmap objbitmap = new Bitmap(width, height);
    Graphics objgraphics = Graphics.FromImage(objbitmap);

    //画一个白色背景
    objgraphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.White), 0, 0, width, height);

    //画一个亮黄色背景      
    objgraphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Beige), pierect);

    //以下为画饼图(有几行row画几个)
    float currentdegree = 0.0f;
    for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
    {
        objgraphics.FillPie((SolidBrush)colors[i], pierect, currentdegree,
          Convert.ToSingle(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["Quantity"]) / Total * 360);
        currentdegree += Convert.ToSingle(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["Quantity"]) / Total * 360;
    }
    //以下为生成主标题
    SolidBrush blackbrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
    string title = " 各类图书销售比例调查";
    StringFormat stringFormat = new StringFormat();
    stringFormat.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
    stringFormat.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;

    objgraphics.DrawString(title, fonttitle, blackbrush,
        new Rectangle(0, 0, width, titleheight), stringFormat);
    //列出各字段与得数目
    objgraphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 0, height - legendheight, width, legendheight);
    for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
    {
        objgraphics.FillRectangle((SolidBrush)colors[i], 5, height - legendheight + fontlegend.Height * i + 5, 10, 10);
        objgraphics.DrawString(((String)ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["BookKind"]) + " —— " + Convert.ToString(Convert.ToSingle(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["Quantity"]) * 100 / Total).Substring(0, 5) + "%", fontlegend, blackbrush,
     20, height - legendheight + fontlegend.Height * i + 1);
    }
    //图像总的高度-一行字体的高度，即是最底行的一行字体高度(height - fontlegend.Height )
    objgraphics.DrawString("图书销售总数:" + Convert.ToString(Total) + "万本", fontlegend, blackbrush, 5, height - fontlegend.Height);
    Response.ContentType = "image/Jpeg";
    objbitmap.Save(Response.OutputStream, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
    objgraphics.Dispose();
    objbitmap.Dispose();
}

6.绘制折线图

private void CreateImage()
{
    int height = 440, width = 600;
    Bitmap image = new Bitmap(width, height);
    Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);
    try
    {
        //清空图片背景色
        g.Clear(Color.White);

        Font font = new System.Drawing.Font("Arial", 9, FontStyle.Regular);
        Font font1 = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 20, FontStyle.Regular);
        Font font2 = new System.Drawing.Font("Arial", 8, FontStyle.Regular);
        LinearGradientBrush brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height), Color.Blue, Color.Blue, 1.2f, true);
        g.FillRectangle(Brushes.AliceBlue, 0, 0, width, height);
        Brush brush1 = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);
        Brush brush2 = new SolidBrush(Color.SaddleBrown);

        g.DrawString("1997年-2006年出生人口的男女比例", font1, brush1, new PointF(100, 30));
        //画图片的边框线
        g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Blue), 0, 0, image.Width - 1, image.Height - 1);

        Pen mypen = new Pen(brush, 1);
        Pen mypen2 = new Pen(Color.Red, 2);
        //绘制线条
        //绘制纵向线条
        int x = 60;
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            g.DrawLine(mypen, x, 80, x, 340);
            x = x + 50;
        }
        Pen mypen1 = new Pen(Color.Blue, 2);
        g.DrawLine(mypen1, x - 500, 80, x - 500, 340);

        //绘制横向线条
        int y = 106;
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
        {
            g.DrawLine(mypen, 60, y, 560, y);
            y = y + 26;
        }
        g.DrawLine(mypen1, 60, y, 560, y);

        //x轴
        String[] n = {"1997年", "1998年", "1999年", "2000年", "2001年", "2002年",
                 "2003年", "  2004年", "2005年", "2006年"};
        x = 45;
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            g.DrawString(n[i].ToString(), font, Brushes.Red, x, 348); //设置文字内容及输出位置
            x = x + 50;
        }

        //y轴
        String[] m = {"2200人", " 2000人", " 1800人", "1600人", " 1400人", " 1200人", " 1000人", " 800人",
                 " 600人"};
        y = 106;
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
        {
            g.DrawString(m[i].ToString(), font, Brushes.Red, 10, y); //设置文字内容及输出位置
            y = y + 26;
        }

        int[] Count1 = new int[10];
        int[] Count2 = new int[10];
        SqlConnection Con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConSql"]);
        Con.Open();
        string cmdtxt2 = "SELECT * FROM tb_55 WHERE Year<=2006 and Year>=1997";
        SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmdtxt2 ,Con);
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        da.Fill(ds);
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
        {
            if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0)
            {
                Count1[j] = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                Count1[j] = Convert.ToInt32(ds.Tables [0].Rows [j][0].ToString ()) * 13 / 100;
            }
        }
        for (int k = 0; k < 10; k++)
        {
            if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0)
            {
                Count2[k] = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                Count2[k] = Convert.ToInt32(ds.Tables[0].Rows[k][1].ToString()) * 13 / 100;
            }
        }

        //显示折线效果
        SolidBrush mybrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);
        Point[] points1 = new Point[10];
        points1[0].X = 60; points1[0].Y = 390 - Count1[0];
        points1[1].X = 110; points1[1].Y = 390 - Count1[1];
        points1[2].X = 160; points1[2].Y = 390 - Count1[2];
        points1[3].X = 210; points1[3].Y = 390 - Count1[3];
        points1[4].X = 260; points1[4].Y = 390 - Count1[4];
        points1[5].X = 310; points1[5].Y = 390 - Count1[5];
        points1[6].X = 360; points1[6].Y = 390 - Count1[6];
        points1[7].X = 410; points1[7].Y = 390 - Count1[7];
        points1[8].X = 460; points1[8].Y = 390 - Count1[8];
        points1[9].X = 510; points1[9].Y = 390 - Count1[9];
        g.DrawLines(mypen2, points1);  //绘制折线

        Pen mypen3 = new Pen(Color.Black, 2);
        Point[] points2 = new Point[10];
        points2[0].X = 60; points2[0].Y = 390 - Count2[0];
        points2[1].X = 110; points2[1].Y = 390 - Count2[1];
        points2[2].X = 160; points2[2].Y = 390 - Count2[2];
        points2[3].X = 210; points2[3].Y = 390 - Count2[3];
        points2[4].X = 260; points2[4].Y = 390 - Count2[4];
        points2[5].X = 310; points2[5].Y = 390 - Count2[5];
        points2[6].X = 360; points2[6].Y = 390 - Count2[6];
        points2[7].X = 410; points2[7].Y = 390 - Count2[7];
        points2[8].X = 460; points2[8].Y = 390 - Count2[8];
        points2[9].X = 510; points2[9].Y = 390 - Count2[9];
        g.DrawLines(mypen3, points2);  //绘制折线

        //绘制标识
        g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Brushes.Red), 150, 370, 250, 50);  //绘制范围框
        g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Red, 250, 380, 20, 10);  //绘制小矩形
        g.DrawString("女孩", font2, Brushes.Red, 270, 380);
        g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, 250, 400, 20, 10);
        g.DrawString("男孩", font2, Brushes.Black, 270, 400);

        System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
        image.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
        Response.ClearContent();
        Response.ContentType = "image/Jpeg";
        Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
    }
    finally
    {
        g.Dispose();
        image.Dispose();
    }
}

7.随机验证码

一、不重复随机数的生成

1.用一个列表，选出一个删掉一个

核心思想：list存放所有的数，用rnd随机数指定list的下标的数；随机一次，将list里的数删除。
如从M个数里取N个不重复的数，则循环N次即可（maxvalue = M，M-1，....M-N+1）.
/// 

/// 生成最大值范围内无重复值的长度为最大值的随机序列,例：6，则返回0,1,2,3,4,5 的List
/// 
/// 
/// 
   
   
public static List
   
   
    
     GetRandomList(this int maxValue)
{
    if (maxValue == 0)
    {
        return null;
    }
    //逻辑描述：生成从0开始到maxValue的tempList
    //然后random一次就maxValue--，并将random出来的整数用做索引，加入到returnList并从tempList中移除
    maxValue = Math.Abs(maxValue);//防止负数
    List
    
    
     
      tempList = new List
     
     
      
      ();
    for (int i = 0; i < maxValue; i++)
    {
        tempList.Add(i);
    }
    Random rd = new Random();
    List
      
      
       
        returnList = new List
       
       
         (); while (maxValue > 0) { int tempInt = 0; if (maxValue > 1)//当maxValue为1时，不再进行随机，因为还剩一个数字，无需随机 { tempInt = rd.Next(maxValue); } returnList.Add(tempList[tempInt]); tempList.RemoveAt(tempInt); maxValue--; } return returnList; } 2.直接判断，重复则继续随机 // 抽奖范围 int range = 100; // 抽奖个数 int lotteryNum = 10; // 中奖号码 List 
        
          l = new List 
         
           (); Random r = new Random(); while (l.Count != lotteryNum) { int n = r.Next(1, range); if (l.Contains(n)) continue; l.Add(n); } 二、关于随机数 Random r = new Random(l); int n = r.Next(m, n); 参数l：表示种子数，默认为系统时间； 结论：产生的随机数序列由 l，m，n 三个参数共同决定，只要这三个参数完全相同，则产生的随机数序列完全相同！ 三、应用：生成随机验证码图片 public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } char[] pattern = new char[] { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' }; //或者写为 //string s = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; // char[] Pattern = s.ToCharArray(); /// 
          
 /// 产生不重复的随机字符串 /// 
 /// 
          字符串长度 string CreateStr(int strLenth) { List 
          
            list = new List 
           
             (); list.AddRange(pattern); strLenth = Math.Min(strLenth, list.Count); //防止溢出 string resultStr = ""; Random rand = new Random(); for(int i=0;i 
             
             
 /// 根据字符串绘制图片 /// 
 /// 
             目标字符串 private int letterWidth = 100; //单个字体的最大宽度和高度 private int letterHight = 30; private Bitmap CreateImage(string strCode) { int iRandAngle = 35; //字符最大的旋转角度 Bitmap image = new Bitmap(letterWidth, letterHight); //创建图片背景 Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image); g.Clear(Color.AliceBlue); //用系统的颜色清除画面并填充背景 Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(0,0,image.Width - 1,image.Height-1); //画一个边框 g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black, 0), rect); g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; //指定画面呈现模式——消除锯齿 //生成背景噪点 Random rand = new Random(); Pen blackPen = new Pen(Color.LightGray, 0); for(int i = 0;i<150;i++) { int x = rand.Next(image.Width); int y = rand.Next(image.Height); g.DrawRectangle(blackPen, x, y, 1, 1); //汇点 } ///绘制验证码（旋转） //可能用到的颜色和字体（随机） Color[] color = new Color[] { Color.Black, Color.Red, Color.DarkBlue, Color.Green, Color.Orange, Color.Brown, Color.Purple }; string[] font = { "Verdana", "Microsoft Sans Serif", "Comic Sans MS", "Arial", "宋体" }; //定义文字格式——居中对齐 StringFormat format = new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.NoClip); //允许延伸 format.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center; //设置垂直面上的对其方式 format.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center; //水平 char[] strChar = strCode.ToCharArray(); //将字符串拆分成字符数组 for(int i =0;i 
             
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