使用DataX工具连接hive数据库：java.sql.SQLException: Could not establish connection to jdbc:hive2://master:1000

错误描述：

Code:[DBUtilErrorCode-10], Description:[连接数据库失败. 请检查您的 账号、密码、数据库名称、IP、Port或者向 DBA 寻求帮助(注意网络环境).]. - 具体错误信息为：java.sql.SQLException: Could not establish connection to jdbc:hive2://master:10000/datax: Required field 'serverProtocolVersion' is unset! Struct:TOpenSessionResp(status:TStatus(statusCode:ERROR_STATUS, infoMessages:[*org.apache.hive.service.cli.HiveSQLException:Failed to open new session: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.security.authorize.AuthorizationException): User: hadoop is not allowed to impersonate root:14:13, org.apache.hive.service.cli.session.SessionManager:createSession:SessionManager.java:419, org.apache.hive.service.cli.session.SessionManager:openSession:SessionManager.java:362, org.apache.hive.service.cli.CLIService:openSessionWithImpersonation:CLIService.java:193, org.apache.hive.service.cli.thrift.ThriftCLIService:getSessionHandle:ThriftCLIService.java:440, org.apache.hive.service.cli.thrift.ThriftCLIService:OpenSession:ThriftCLIService.java:322, org.apache.hive.service.rpc.thrift.TCLIService$Processor$OpenSession:getResult:TCLIService.java:1377, org.apache.hive.service.rpc.thrift.TCLIService$Processor$OpenSession:getResult:TCLIService.java:1362, org.apache.thrift.ProcessFunction:process:ProcessFunction.java:39, org.apache.thrift.TBaseProcessor:process:TBaseProcessor.java:39, org.apache.hive.service.auth.TSetIpAddressProcessor:process:TSetIpAddressProcessor.java:56, org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer$WorkerProcess:run:TThreadPoolServer.java:286, java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor:runWorker:ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149, java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker:run:ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624, java.lang.Thread:run:Thread.java:750, *java.lang.RuntimeException:java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.security.authorize.AuthorizationException): User: hadoop is not allowed to impersonate root:22:8, org.apache.hive.service.cli.session.HiveSessionProxy:invoke:HiveSessionProxy.java:89, o

解决办法：

Hive服务无法以root用户身份进行身份验证，修改Hive服务的配置文件（hive-site.xml）添加以下配置;这将禁用Hive服务的身份验证功能，允许任何用户以root身份连接到Hive服务.

<property>
  <name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name>
  <value>false</value>
</property>

如果希望保留身份验证功能，但允许特定用户以root身份连接到Hive服务，您可以在Hive服务的配置文件中添加以下配置：

<property>
  <name>hive.server2.allow.user.substitution</name>
  <value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.allowed.substitution.root</name>
  <value>hadoop</value>
</property>

允许名为"hadoop"的用户以root身份连接到Hive服务。请将"hadoop"替换为实际需要允许的用户名。

连接成功：