Centos7 使用国内镜像安装 Mysql 5.7.28

使用国外镜像下载很慢，因此需要使用国内镜像

一、检查mysql环境

rpm -qa |grep mysql
rpm -qa |grep mariadb
## 如果存在,则卸载（grep出来的都需要卸载）
yum remove mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64

二、切换到阿里云镜像源 

##安装wget命令
yum install wget -y

##下载阿里云yum源配置
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

##生成缓存（“显视元数据缓存已建立”就代表完成了）：
yum makecache

##更新一下yum，这可能需要一点时间，耐心等待一下
yum update -y

三、下载国内的Mysql rpm包解压并安装

下载到指定目录

wget -P /opt/software/mysql https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

 解压到当前目录

cd /opt/software/mysql

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

顺序安装mysql的依赖

 rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

出现如下界面，表示安装完成：

四、重启mysql

systemctl restart mysqld.service

五、检查mysql是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld.service

六、获取临时密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 

七、登陆mysql

mysql -uroot -p

八、修改登录密码并且授权远程登录

mysql密码规则很复杂，全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

 这个时候进行改密操作

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

授权远程登录

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

九、设置mysql

设置开机自启动

## 退出mysql
mysql> exit;

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

设置字符集为UTF-8

vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下，然后保存

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 重启mysql，令配置生效

service mysqld restart

十、放开防火墙

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload