代词的用法

人称代词

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代替人物事

主宾格： he him she her they them

人称代词用法

you单复同形

1. 作动宾或介宾
   tell me. he coming with them.

2. 作主语时 其后谓语应与主语一致

   1. 一般现在
      I am;
      he/she/it is;
      you/we/they are

   2. 一般过去
      I he/she/it was;
      you/we/they were

   3. 一般现在时与现在完成时，动词或助动词have有两种形式(三变，一二原)
      I/we/you/they have
      he/she has

   4. 一般现在时中，he/she作主语时，实义动词作谓语要加s/es
      he who laughs last laughs best
      she knows it

人称代词的顺序排列

名词或人称代词并列作主语时

1. 单数一二三
   You,he and I will

2. 复数三二一
   We,you and they are

及物动词+副词中，作宾语的人称代词放动词副词语之间，名词放副词之后(及动 代 副；及动 名)

turn off the light,turn it off

具有感情色彩时可用he/she代替it，国家/车船常用she

it特殊用法

1. 前面事物

2. 性别不明： 婴儿/动物

3. 不定人事：who is it?问那边的的人是谁

4. 时距自然：How long is it

5. 形式主宾：it is a good idea to;I think it not good

6. 习惯用语：it doesnt matter

7. 强调句型：it is 强调部分 that(who) XXX
   it is not he who wants to have a rest 不是他想休息

物主代词

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名词性物主代词除了mine外全以s结尾

形容	名
my	mine
our	ours
your	yours
his	his
her	hers
its	its
their	theirs

物主代词用法

1. 形容词性物主代词只能作定语，与own连用能强调
   She saw it with her own eyes
2. 名词性物主代词可作主宾语表
   This is not my hat,Mine is red
3. 名词性物主代词可替代前面的对象
4. 名词性物主代词可用在of + 名词性物主代词 双重所有格中，表示其中之一或带有感情色彩
   A friend of mine

冠词a/an/the this/that/some 后不能加物主代词:
a my famliy (x)

不表示归属/所有
He made mistakes and he is now taking his punishment
接受他应有的惩罚

不要忽略名词性物主代词代表名词的数量，导致主谓不一致
Their books are red.Mine are blue;

反身代词

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myself ourselves

yourself yourselves

himself

herself themselves

itself

oneself null

反身代词用法

1. 作动宾 介宾 表语
   Tell yourself
   Pick yourself up
   I am not myself today

2. 放在名词/主格代词之后或句末，作同位语,表示强调（重读）
   I myself can make it (I myself 类似 my brother Jiaxian)
   Lily cooked supper herself

3. 常用于习惯用语或固定结构
   by oneself 独自
   for oneself 为自己
   enjoy oneself 玩的愉快

反身代词没有所有格，要用own代替，加强句子语气
her own hands

反身代词本身不能作主语，但由and，or， but，neitheri…nor连接的两并列主语中，可作后者(我的XX和我自己)
My students and myself were planting the trees

人称姓数必须一致
I myself
The thing itself goes wrong

相互代词

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概念

用法

1. 表示主语（复数）的动作在其中二者之间

   1. 作宾语，介宾或定语
      We sit beside each other
      We should love one another
   2. 相互代词所有格作定语
      We dont each others secrets

2. each other和one another有时可以分开用，each和one单独做主语
   other前要加定冠词语another通常用the other代替

   • Each persuade the other to dance
     We come into the classroom,one after another
     (one after another习惯用语 = one after the another)
     宾语常用the another