SaltStack常用的模块

阿木690

于 2021-11-03 12:52:33 发布

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分类专栏：运维 linux 文章标签： saltstack 自动化工具

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Gf19991225/article/details/121118638

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文章目录

1. SaltStack模块介绍

Module是日常使用SaltStack接触最多的一个组件，其用于管理对象操作，这也是SaltStack通过Push的方式进行管理的入口，比如我们日常简单的执行命令、查看包安装情况、查看服务运行情况等工作都是通过SaltStack Module来实现的。

万能模块：cmd.run

当安装好Master和Minion包后，系统上会安装很多Module，大家可以通过以下命令查看支持的所有Module列表：

环境说明：

主机名字	主机类型	IP	系统	需要安装的应用
master	控制机	192.168.91.135	CentOS8	salt-master salt-minion
node1	被控机	192.168.91.137	CentOS8	salt-minion
node2	被控机	192.168.91.134	CentOS8	salt-minion
node3	被控机	192.168.91.138	CentOS8	salt-minion

注意：node1 这台主机设置过id，访问的时候以 IP 名访问，不再是主机名字访问

模块使用查看地址

// 查看所有主机能否ping通
[root@master ~]# salt-key -L 
Accepted Keys:
192.168.91.137
master
node2
node3
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:
[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.ping 
192.168.91.137:
    True
master:
    True
node2:
    True
node3:
    True

// 查看所有的module列表
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' sys.list_modules
master:
    - acl
    - aliases
    - alternatives
    - archive
    - artifactory
    - baredoc
    - beacons
    - bigip
    - btrfs
    - buildout
    - chroot
    - cloud
    - cmd
    - composer
    - config
    - consul
    - container_resource
    - cp
    - cron
    - cryptdev
    - data
    - defaults
    - devinfo
    - devmap
    - disk
    - django
    - dnsmasq
    - dnsutil
    - drbd
    - environ
    - ethtool
    - event
    - extfs
    - file
    - firewalld
    - freezer
    - gem
    - genesis
    - glassfish
    - gnome
    - google_chat
    - grafana4
    - grains
    - group
    - hashutil
    - helm
    - highstate_doc
    - hosts
    - http
    - hue
    - incron
    - ini
    - inspector
    - introspect
    - iosconfig
    - ip
    - ipset
    - iptables
    - jboss7
    - jboss7_cli
    - jinja
    - k8s
    - kernelpkg
    - key
    - keyboard
    - kmod
    - kubeadm
    - locale
    - locate
    - log
    - logrotate
    - lowpkg
    - lvm
    - mandrill
    - match
    - mattermost
    - mine
    - minion
    - modjk
    - mount
    - msteams
    - nagios_rpc
    - namecheap_domains
    - namecheap_domains_dns
    - namecheap_domains_ns
    - namecheap_ssl
    - namecheap_users
    - network
    - nexus
    - nftables
    - nova
    - nspawn
    - nxos
    - nxos_api
    - nxos_upgrade
    - openscap
    - openstack_config
    - opsgenie
    - out
    - pagerduty
    - pagerduty_util
    - pam
    - parallels
    - partition
    - peeringdb
    - pillar
    - pip
    - pkg
    - pkg_resource
    - ps
    - publish
    - pushover
    - pyenv
    - random
    - random_org
    - rbenv
    - rest_sample_utils
    - restartcheck
    - ret
    - rvm
    - s3
    - s6
    - salt_proxy
    - salt_version
    - saltcheck
    - saltutil
    - schedule
    - scsi
    - sdb
    - seed
    - serverdensity_device
    - service
    - shadow
    - slack
    - slsutil
    - smbios
    - smtp
    - solrcloud
    - sqlite3
    - ssh
    - state
    - status
    - statuspage
    - supervisord
    - sys
    - sysctl
    - sysfs
    - syslog_ng
    - system
    - telegram
    - telemetry
    - temp
    - test
    - timezone
    - tuned
    - udev
    - uptime
    - user
    - vault
    - vbox_guest
    - virtualenv
    - vsphere
    - x509
    - xfs
    - xml
    - zabbix
    - zenoss


// 查看指定module的所有function
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' sys.list_functions cmd
192.168.91.137:
    - cmd.exec_code
    - cmd.exec_code_all
    - cmd.has_exec
    - cmd.powershell
    - cmd.powershell_all
    - cmd.retcode
    - cmd.run
    - cmd.run_all
    - cmd.run_bg
    - cmd.run_chroot
    - cmd.run_stderr
    - cmd.run_stdout
    - cmd.script
    - cmd.script_retcode
    - cmd.shell
    - cmd.shell_info
    - cmd.shells
    - cmd.tty
    - cmd.which
    - cmd.which_bin

// 查看指定module的用法
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' sys.doc cmd | head -10
cmd.exec_code:

    Pass in two strings, the first naming the executable language, aka -
    python2, python3, ruby, perl, lua, etc. the second string containing
    the code you wish to execute. The stdout will be returned.

    All parameters from :mod:`cmd.run_all <salt.modules.cmdmod.run_all>` except python_shell can be used.

    CLI Example:

Exception ignored in: <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stdout>' mode='w' encoding='UTF-8'>
BrokenPipeError: [Errno 32] Broken pipe


//SaltStack默认也支持一次执行多个Module，Module之间通过逗号隔开，默认传参之间也是用逗号分隔，也支持指定传参分隔符号--args-separator=@即可
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' test.echo,cmd.run,service.status hello,hostname,salt-minion
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    cmd.run:
        node1
    service.status:
        True
    test.echo:
        hello

2. SaltStack常用模块

2.1 SaltStack常用模块之network

2.1.1 network.active_tcp

返回所有活动的tcp连接

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.active_tcp
master:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            39648
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        remote_port:
            4505
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.137
        remote_port:
            42470
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        remote_port:
            39648
    3:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51005
    4:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.134
        remote_port:
            46404
    5:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51002
    6:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.138
        remote_port:
            35372
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.137
        local_port:
            42470
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        remote_port:
            4505
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.137
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51029
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.137
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51028
node2:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.134
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51035
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.134
        local_port:
            46404
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        remote_port:
            4505
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.134
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51034
node3:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.138
        local_port:
            35372
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.135
        remote_port:
            4505
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.138
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51037
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.91.138
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.91.1
        remote_port:
            51039

2.1.2 network.calc_net

通过IP和子网掩码计算出网段

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.calc_net 192.168.91.137 255.255.255.0
192.168.91.137:
    192.168.91.0/24
master:
    192.168.91.0/24
node2:
    192.168.91.0/24
node3:
    192.168.91.0/24

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.calc_net 192.168.91.137 255.255.255.240
192.168.91.137:
    192.168.91.128/28
node2:
    192.168.91.128/28
master:
    192.168.91.128/28
node3:
    192.168.91.128/28

2.1.3 network.connect

测试minion至某一台服务器的网络是否连通

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.connect baidu.com 80
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.148) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True
node2:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.251) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True
master:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.148) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True
node3:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.251) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True

2.1.4 network.default_route

查看默认路由

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.default_route
192.168.91.137:
    |_
      ----------
      addr_family:
          inet
      destination:
          0.0.0.0
      flags:
          UG
      gateway:
          192.168.91.2
      interface:
          ens33
      netmask:
          0.0.0.0
node2:
    |_
      ----------
      addr_family:
          inet
      destination:
          0.0.0.0
      flags:
          UG
      gateway:
          192.168.91.2
      interface:
          ens32
      netmask:
          0.0.0.0
master:
    |_
      ----------
      addr_family:
          inet
      destination:
          0.0.0.0
      flags:
          UG
      gateway:
          192.168.91.2
      interface:
          ens32
      netmask:
          0.0.0.0
node3:
    |_
      ----------
      addr_family:
          inet
      destination:
          0.0.0.0
      flags:
          UG
      gateway:
          192.168.91.2
      interface:
          ens33
      netmask:
          0.0.0.0

2.1.5 network.get_fqdn

查看主机的fqdn(完全限定域名)

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.get_fqdn
master:
    master
192.168.91.137:
    node1
node2:
    node2
node3:
    node3

2.1.6 network.get_hostname

获取主机名

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.get_hostname
192.168.91.137:
    node1
node2:
    node2
master:
    master
node3:
    node3

2.1.7 network.get_route

查询到一个目标网络的路由信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.get_route 192.168.91.134
node2:
    ----------
    destination:
        192.168.91.134
    gateway:
        None
    interface:
        lo
    source:
        192.168.91.134
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    destination:
        192.168.91.134
    gateway:
        None
    interface:
        ens33
    source:
        192.168.91.137
master:
    ----------
    destination:
        192.168.91.134
    gateway:
        None
    interface:
        ens32
    source:
        192.168.91.135
node3:
    ----------
    destination:
        192.168.91.134
    gateway:
        None
    interface:
        ens33
    source:
        192.168.91.138
[root@master ~]#

2.1.8 network.hw_addr

返回指定网卡的MAC地址

// 查看ens32网卡的MAC地址
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.hw_addr ens32
node2:
    00:0c:29:86:56:52
master:
    00:0c:29:5b:3b:74
192.168.91.137:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"
node3:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"

// 查看ens33网卡的MAC地址
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.hw_addr ens33
master:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
192.168.91.137:
    00:0c:29:8a:0d:b0
node2:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
node3:
    00:0c:29:c0:44:3d

2.1.9 network.ifacestartswith

从特定CIDR检索接口名称

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.ifacestartswith 192.168
master:
    - ens32
node2:
    - ens32
192.168.91.137:
    - ens33
node3:
    - ens33

2.1.10 network.in_subnet

判断当前主机是否在某一个网段内

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.in_subnet 192.168.91.0/24
node2:
    True
192.168.91.137:
    True
master:
    True
node3:
    True

2.1.11 network.interface

返回指定网卡的信息

// 查看ens32网卡的信息
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface ens32
master:
    |_
      ----------
      address:
          192.168.91.135
      broadcast:
          192.168.91.255
      label:
          ens32
      netmask:
          255.255.255.0
node2:
    |_
      ----------
      address:
          192.168.91.134
      broadcast:
          192.168.91.255
      label:
          ens32
      netmask:
          255.255.255.0
192.168.91.137:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"
node3:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"

// 查看ens33网卡的信息
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface ens33
192.168.91.137:
    |_
      ----------
      address:
          192.168.91.137
      broadcast:
          192.168.91.255
      label:
          ens33
      netmask:
          255.255.255.0
master:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
node2:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
node3:
    |_
      ----------
      address:
          192.168.91.138
      broadcast:
          192.168.91.255
      label:
          ens33
      netmask:
          255.255.255.0

2.1.12 network.interface_ip

返回指定网卡的IP地址

// 查看ens32网卡的IP地址
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface_ip ens32
node3:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"
master:
    192.168.91.135
node2:
    192.168.91.134
192.168.91.137:
    Interface "ens32" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens33"

// 查看ens33网卡的IP地址
[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface_ip ens33
master:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
node2:
    Interface "ens33" not in available interfaces: "lo", "ens32"
192.168.91.137:
    192.168.91.137
node3:
    192.168.91.138

2.1.13 network.interfaces

返回当前系统中所有的网卡信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interfaces
master:
    ----------
    ens32:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:0c:29:5b:3b:74
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  192.168.91.135
              broadcast:
                  192.168.91.255
              label:
                  ens32
              netmask:
                  255.255.255.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  fe80::29db:511:eca0:9fec
              prefixlen:
                  64
              scope:
                  link
        up:
            True
    lo:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  127.0.0.1
              broadcast:
                  None
              label:
                  lo
              netmask:
                  255.0.0.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  ::1
              prefixlen:
                  128
              scope:
                  host
        up:
            True
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    ens33:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:0c:29:8a:0d:b0
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  192.168.91.137
              broadcast:
                  192.168.91.255
              label:
                  ens33
              netmask:
                  255.255.255.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  fe80::f9bd:6b78:9231:1fca
              prefixlen:
                  64
              scope:
                  link
        up:
            True
    lo:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  127.0.0.1
              broadcast:
                  None
              label:
                  lo
              netmask:
                  255.0.0.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  ::1
              prefixlen:
                  128
              scope:
                  host
        up:
            True
node2:
    ----------
    ens32:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:0c:29:86:56:52
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  192.168.91.134
              broadcast:
                  192.168.91.255
              label:
                  ens32
              netmask:
                  255.255.255.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  fe80::f573:f37c:ea16:75ee
              prefixlen:
                  64
              scope:
                  link
        up:
            True
    lo:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  127.0.0.1
              broadcast:
                  None
              label:
                  lo
              netmask:
                  255.0.0.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  ::1
              prefixlen:
                  128
              scope:
                  host
        up:
            True
node3:
    ----------
    ens33:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:0c:29:c0:44:3d
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  192.168.91.138
              broadcast:
                  192.168.91.255
              label:
                  ens33
              netmask:
                  255.255.255.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  fe80::b44a:bd1a:fcf1:9863
              prefixlen:
                  64
              scope:
                  link
        up:
            True
    lo:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  127.0.0.1
              broadcast:
                  None
              label:
                  lo
              netmask:
                  255.0.0.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  ::1
              prefixlen:
                  128
              scope:
                  host
        up:
            True

2.1.14 network.ip_addrs

返回一个IPv4的地址列表
该函数将会忽略掉127.0.0.1的地址

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' network.netstat
node2:
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          26399
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134%ens32:68
      program:
          NetworkManager
      proto:
          udp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.254:67
      send-q:
          0
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          19322
      local-address:
          0.0.0.0:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          0.0.0.0:*
      send-q:
          128
      state:
          LISTEN
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          30190
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.1:51035
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          50337
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134:46404
      program:
          salt-minion
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.135:4505
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          0
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134:34822
      program:
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.135:4506
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          TIME-WAIT
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          0
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134:34824
      program:
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.135:4506
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          TIME-WAIT
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          30165
      local-address:
          192.168.91.134:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.91.1:51034
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          19324
      local-address:
          [::]:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          [::]:*
      send-q:
          128
      state:
          LISTEN
      user:
          0

2.1.16 network.ping

使用ping命令测试到某主机的连通性

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2'  network.ping baidu.com
node2:
    PING baidu.com.localdomain (220.181.38.251) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 220.181.38.251 (220.181.38.251): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=6232 ms
    64 bytes from 220.181.38.251 (220.181.38.251): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=6209 ms
    64 bytes from 220.181.38.251 (220.181.38.251): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=5497 ms
    
    --- baidu.com.localdomain ping statistics ---
    4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 3108ms
    rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5497.499/5979.284/6231.757/340.816 ms, pipe 3

2.1.17 network.reverse_ip

返回一个指定的IP地址的反向地址

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.reverse_ip 192.168.91.111
192.168.91.137:
    111.91.168.192.in-addr.arpa
node2:
    111.91.168.192.in-addr.arpa
node3:
    111.91.168.192.in-addr.arpa
master:
    111.91.168.192.in-addr.arpa

2.2 SaltStack常用模块之service

2.2.1 service.available

判断指定的服务是否可用

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.available sshd
node2:
    True
192.168.91.137:
    True
master:
    True
node3:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.available vsftpd
192.168.91.137:
    False
master:
    False
node2:
    False
node3:
    False

2.2.2 service.get_all

获取所有正在运行的服务

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' service.get_all
node2:
    - NetworkManager
    - NetworkManager-dispatcher
    - NetworkManager-wait-online
    - auditd
    - autovt@
    - basic.target
    - blk-availability
    - bluetooth.target
    - boot-complete.target
    - console-getty
    - container-getty@
    - cpupower
    - crond
    - cryptsetup-pre.target
    - cryptsetup.target
    - ctrl-alt-del.target
    - dbus
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.locale1
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.login1
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.portable1
    - dbus-org.freedesktop.timedate1
    - dbus.socket
    - debug-shell
    - default.target
    - dev-hugepages.mount
    - dev-mqueue.mount
    - dm-event
    - dm-event.socket
    - dnf-makecache
    - dnf-makecache.timer
    - dracut-cmdline
    - dracut-initqueue
    - dracut-mount
    - dracut-pre-mount
    - dracut-pre-pivot
    - dracut-pre-trigger
    - dracut-pre-udev
    - dracut-shutdown
    - ebtables
    - emergency
    - emergency.target
    - exit.target
    - final.target
    - firewalld
    - fstrim
    - fstrim.timer
    - getty-pre.target
    - getty.target
    - getty@
    - graphical.target
    - grub-boot-indeterminate
    - halt-local
    - halt.target
    - hibernate.target
    - hybrid-sleep.target
    - import-state
    - initrd-cleanup
    - initrd-fs.target
    - initrd-parse-etc
    - initrd-root-device.target
    - initrd-root-fs.target
    - initrd-switch-root
    - initrd-switch-root.target
    - initrd-udevadm-cleanup-db
    - initrd.target
    - iprdump
    - iprinit
    - iprupdate
    - iprutils.target
    - irqbalance
    - kdump
    - kexec.target
    - kmod-static-nodes
    - ldconfig
    - loadmodules
    - local-fs-pre.target
    - local-fs.target
    - lvm2-lvmpolld
    - lvm2-lvmpolld.socket
    - lvm2-monitor
    - lvm2-pvscan@
    - man-db-cache-update
    - messagebus
    - microcode
    - multi-user.target
    - network-online.target
    - network-pre.target
    - network.target
    - nftables
    - nis-domainname
    - nss-lookup.target
    - nss-user-lookup.target
    - paths.target
    - plymouth-halt
    - plymouth-kexec
    - plymouth-poweroff
    - plymouth-quit
    - plymouth-quit-wait
    - plymouth-read-write
    - plymouth-reboot
    - plymouth-start
    - plymouth-switch-root
    - plymouth-switch-root-initramfs
    - polkit
    - poweroff.target
    - printer.target
    - proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount
    - proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
    - quotaon
    - rc-local
    - rdisc
    - reboot.target
    - remote-cryptsetup.target
    - remote-fs-pre.target
    - remote-fs.target
    - rescue
    - rescue.target
    - rhsm
    - rhsm-facts
    - rhsmcertd
    - rngd
    - rngd-wake-threshold
    - rpcbind.target
    - rsyslog
    - run-vmblock\x2dfuse.mount
    - runlevel0.target
    - runlevel1.target
    - runlevel2.target
    - runlevel3.target
    - runlevel4.target
    - runlevel5.target
    - runlevel6.target
    - salt-minion
    - salt-proxy@
    - selinux-autorelabel
    - selinux-autorelabel-mark
    - selinux-autorelabel.target
    - serial-getty@
    - shutdown.target
    - sigpwr.target
    - sleep.target
    - slices.target
    - smartcard.target
    - sockets.target
    - sound.target
    - sshd
    - sshd-keygen.target
    - sshd-keygen@
    - sshd.socket
    - sshd@
    - sssd
    - sssd-autofs
    - sssd-autofs.socket
    - sssd-kcm
    - sssd-kcm.socket
    - sssd-nss
    - sssd-nss.socket
    - sssd-pac
    - sssd-pac.socket
    - sssd-pam
    - sssd-pam-priv.socket
    - sssd-pam.socket
    - sssd-ssh
    - sssd-ssh.socket
    - sssd-sudo
    - sssd-sudo.socket
    - suspend-then-hibernate.target
    - suspend.target
    - swap.target
    - sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
    - sys-kernel-config.mount
    - sys-kernel-debug.mount
    - sysinit.target
    - syslog
    - syslog.socket
    - system-update-cleanup
    - system-update-pre.target
    - system-update.target
    - systemd-ask-password-console
    - systemd-ask-password-console.path
    - systemd-ask-password-plymouth
    - systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path
    - systemd-ask-password-wall
    - systemd-ask-password-wall.path
    - systemd-backlight@
    - systemd-binfmt
    - systemd-coredump.socket
    - systemd-coredump@
    - systemd-exit
    - systemd-firstboot
    - systemd-fsck-root
    - systemd-fsck@
    - systemd-halt
    - systemd-hibernate
    - systemd-hibernate-resume@
    - systemd-hostnamed
    - systemd-hwdb-update
    - systemd-hybrid-sleep
    - systemd-initctl
    - systemd-initctl.socket
    - systemd-journal-catalog-update
    - systemd-journal-flush
    - systemd-journald
    - systemd-journald-audit.socket
    - systemd-journald-dev-log.socket
    - systemd-journald.socket
    - systemd-kexec
    - systemd-localed
    - systemd-logind
    - systemd-machine-id-commit
    - systemd-modules-load
    - systemd-portabled
    - systemd-poweroff
    - systemd-quotacheck
    - systemd-random-seed
    - systemd-reboot
    - systemd-remount-fs
    - systemd-resolved
    - systemd-rfkill
    - systemd-rfkill.socket
    - systemd-suspend
    - systemd-suspend-then-hibernate
    - systemd-sysctl
    - systemd-sysusers
    - systemd-timedated
    - systemd-tmpfiles-clean
    - systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer
    - systemd-tmpfiles-setup
    - systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev
    - systemd-udev-settle
    - systemd-udev-trigger
    - systemd-udevd
    - systemd-udevd-control.socket
    - systemd-udevd-kernel.socket
    - systemd-update-done
    - systemd-update-utmp
    - systemd-update-utmp-runlevel
    - systemd-user-sessions
    - systemd-vconsole-setup
    - systemd-volatile-root
    - tcsd
    - teamd@
    - time-sync.target
    - timers.target
    - tmp.mount
    - tuned
    - umount.target
    - unbound-anchor
    - unbound-anchor.timer
    - user-runtime-dir@
    - user@
    - vgauthd
    - vmtoolsd

2.2.3 service.disabled

检查指定服务是否开机不自动启动

// node2主机没有安装httpd服务
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status httpd
Unit httpd.service could not be found.

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' service.disabled httpd
node2:
    True

// node主机httpd服务已开机自启动
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; e> // 开机自启动
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-03 08:49:21 C>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 1007 (httpd)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 23484)
   Memory: 43.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1007 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1069 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1070 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1071 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1072 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Nov 03 08:49:20 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 httpd[1007]: AH00558: httpd: Could no>
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>
Nov 03 08:49:22 node1 httpd[1007]: Server configured, liste>
lines 1-19/19 (END)

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.disabled httpd
192.168.91.137:
    False

2.2.4 service.enabled

检查指定服务是否开机自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.enabled httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' service.enabled httpdnode2:
    False

2.2.5 service.disable

设置指定服务开机不自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.disable httpd 
192.168.91.137:
    True

// 查看node1主机 httpd状态
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; d> // 开机不自启
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-03 08:49:21 C>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 1007 (httpd)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 23484)
   Memory: 43.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1007 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1069 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1070 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1071 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1072 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Nov 03 08:49:20 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 httpd[1007]: AH00558: httpd: Could no>
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>
Nov 03 08:49:22 node1 httpd[1007]: Server configured, liste>

2.2.6 service.enable

设置指定服务开机自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.enable httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True

// 查看node1主机 httpd状态
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; e> // 开机自启
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-03 08:49:21 C>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 1007 (httpd)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 23484)
   Memory: 43.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1007 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1069 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1070 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1071 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1072 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Nov 03 08:49:20 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 httpd[1007]: AH00558: httpd: Could no>
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>
Nov 03 08:49:22 node1 httpd[1007]: Server configured, liste>

2.2.7 service.reload

重新加载指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.reload httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True

2.2.8 service.stop

停止指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.stop httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True

// 查看node1主机的httpd服务是否停止
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; e>
   Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2021-11-03 09:59:50 CS>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
  Process: 130223 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k gr>
  Process: 1007 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGR>
 Main PID: 1007 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"

Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 httpd[1007]: AH00558: httpd: Could no>
Nov 03 08:49:21 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>
Nov 03 08:49:22 node1 httpd[1007]: Server configured, liste>
Nov 03 09:58:58 node1 systemd[1]: Reloading The Apache HTTP>
Nov 03 09:59:13 node1 httpd[130223]: AH00558: httpd: Could >
Nov 03 09:59:13 node1 systemd[1]: Reloaded The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 09:59:29 node1 httpd[1007]: Server configured, liste>
Nov 03 09:59:49 node1 systemd[1]: Stopping The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 09:59:50 node1 systemd[1]: httpd.service: Succeeded.
Nov 03 09:59:50 node1 systemd[1]: Stopped The Apache HTTP S>

2.2.9 service.start

启动指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.start httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True

// 查看node1主机的httpd服务是否启动
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; e>
   Active: reloading (reload) since Wed 2021-11-03 10:01:25>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
  Process: 130223 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k gr>
 Main PID: 134581 (httpd)
   Status: "Reading configuration..."
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 23484)
   Memory: 3.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           └─134581 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Nov 03 10:01:10 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 10:01:25 node1 httpd[134581]: AH00558: httpd: Could >
Nov 03 10:01:25 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>

2.2.10 service.restart

重启指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.restart httpd 
192.168.91.137:
    True

2.2.11 service.status

查看指定服务的状态

// httpd服务开启状态查看的时候返回True
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.status httpd
192.168.91.137:
    True

// 关闭httpd服务查看状态返回Flase
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' service.status httpd
192.168.91.137:
    False

2.2.12 service.missing

查看指定服务是否存在

[root@master ~]#  salt '192.168.91.137' service.missing httpd
192.168.91.137:
    False
[root@master ~]#  salt '192.168.91.137' service.missing nginx
192.168.91.137:
    True

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; e>
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-03 10:04:20 C>
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
  Process: 130223 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k gr>
 Main PID: 140456 (httpd)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 23484)
   Memory: 38.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─140456 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─141237 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─141238 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─141239 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─141240 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Nov 03 10:04:05 node1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP >
Nov 03 10:04:20 node1 httpd[140456]: AH00558: httpd: Could >
Nov 03 10:04:20 node1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP S>
Nov 03 10:04:30 node1 httpd[140456]: Server configured, lis>

2.3 SaltStack常用模块之pkg

2.3.1 pkg.download

只下载软件包但不安装
此功能将会下载指定的软件包，但是需要在minion端安装yum-utils，可以使用 cmd.run 进行远程安装

// 在node2主机上安装wget
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.download wget
node2:
    ----------
    wget:
        /var/cache/yum/packages/wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm

// 查看下载情况
[root@node2 ~]# cd /var/cache/yum/packages/
[root@node2 packages]# ls
wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm

2.3.2 pkg.file_list

列出指定包或系统中已安装的所有包的文件

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' pkg.file_list httpd
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        - /etc/httpd/conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-base.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-dav.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-lua.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-mpm.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-optional.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-proxy.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-systemd.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/01-cgi.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/README
        - /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
后面省略....

//当不提供参数时，将会列出当前系统中所有已安装软件的文件列表
[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.file_list
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        VALUE_TRIMMED
node2:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        VALUE_TRIMMED
node3:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        VALUE_TRIMMED
master:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        VALUE_TRIMMED

2.3.3 pkg.group_info

查看包组的信息

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.group_info 'Development Tools'
node2:
    ----------
    conditional:
    default:
        - asciidoc
        - byacc
        - ctags
        - diffstat
        - elfutils-libelf-devel
        - git
        - intltool
        - jna
        - ltrace
        - patchutils
        - perl-Fedora-VSP
        - perl-Sys-Syslog
        - perl-generators
        - pesign
        - source-highlight
        - systemtap
        - valgrind
        - valgrind-devel
    description:
        A basic development environment.
    group:
        Development Tools
    id:
        None
    mandatory:
        - autoconf
        - automake
        - binutils
        - bison
        - flex
        - gcc
        - gcc-c++
        - gdb
        - glibc-devel
        - libtool
        - make
        - pkgconf
        - pkgconf-m4
        - pkgconf-pkg-config
        - redhat-rpm-config
        - rpm-build
        - rpm-sign
        - strace
    optional:
        - cmake
        - expect
        - rpmdevtools
        - rpmlint
    type:
        package group

2.3.4 pkg.group_list

列出系统中所有的包组

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.group_list
node2:
    ----------
    available:
        - Backup Client
        - base-x
        - Conflicts AppStream
        - Container Management
        - Debugging Tools
        - Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
        - .NET Core Development
        - FTP Server
        - GNOME Applications
        - Graphics Creation Tools
        - Guest Agents
        - Guest Desktop Agents
        - Input Methods
        - Internet Applications
        - Internet Browser
        - Java Platform
        - Legacy X Window System Compatibility
        - Multimedia
        - Office Suite and Productivity
        - Atomic Host ostree support
        - KVM platform specific packages
        - Hyper-v platform specific packages
        - Printing Client
        - Remote Desktop Clients
        - RPM Development Tools
        - TeX formatting system
        - Virtualization Client
        - Virtualization Hypervisor
        - Virtualization Platform
        - Virtualization Tools
        - Basic Web Server
        - Additional Development
        - Anaconda tools
        - Base
        - Conflicts BaseOS
        - Development Tools
        - Dial-up Networking Support
        - File and Storage Server
        - Fonts
        - GNOME
        - Graphical Administration Tools
        - Hardware Monitoring Utilities
        - Hardware Support
        - Headless Management
        - Infiniband Support
        - Large Systems Performance
        - Legacy UNIX Compatibility
        - Mail Server
        - Mainframe Access
        - Network File System Client
        - Network Servers
        - Networking Tools
        - Common NetworkManager submodules
        - Performance Tools
        - Platform Development
        - Python Web
        - Remote Management for Linux
        - Scientific Support
        - Security Tools
        - Server product core
        - Smart Card Support
        - Windows File Server
        - Standard
        - System Tools
        - Workstation product core
    available environments:
        - Server with GUI
        - Server
        - Workstation
        - Virtualization Host
        - Custom Operating System
    available languages:
        ----------
    installed:
        - VMware platform specific packages
        - Core
    installed environments:
        - Minimal Install

2.3.5 pkg.install

安装软件

[root@master ~]# salt 'node3' pkg.install wget
node3:
    ----------
    wget:
        ----------
        new:
            1.19.5-10.el8
        old:

// 查看安装情况
[root@node3 ~]# rpm -qa | grep wget
wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64

2.3.6 pkg.list_downloaded

列出已下载到本地的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.list_downloaded
node2:
    ----------
    wget:
        ----------
        1.14-18.el7:
            ----------
            creation_date_time:
                2021-11-03T13:11:53
            creation_date_time_t:
                1550826712
            path:
                /var/cache/yum/packages/wget-1.14-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
            size:
                560152

2.3.7 pkg.list_pkgs

以字典的方式列出当前已安装的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.list_pkgs
node2:
    ----------
    NetworkManager:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-libnm:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-team:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-tui:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    abattis-cantarell-fonts:
        0.0.25-4.el8
    acl:
        2.2.53-1.el8
    adwaita-cursor-theme:
        3.28.0-2.el8
    adwaita-icon-theme:
        3.28.0-2.el8
    at-spi2-atk:
        2.26.2-1.el8
    at-spi2-core:
        2.28.0-1.el8
    atk:
        2.28.1-1.el8
    audit:
        3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8
    audit-libs:
        3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8
    authselect:
        1.2.2-1.el8
    authselect-libs:
        1.2.2-1.el8
    avahi-libs:
后面省略...

2.3.8 pkg.owner

列出指定文件是由哪个包提供的

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' pkg.owner /usr/sbin/apachectl
192.168.91.137:
    httpd

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' pkg.owner /usr/sbin/apachectl /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
        httpd
    /usr/sbin/apachectl:
        httpd

2.3.9 pkg.remove

卸载指定软件

// 查看node主机是否下载wget
[root@node2 packages]# rpm -qa | grep wget
wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64

// 使用万能模块cmd.run过滤wget
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'rpm -qa | grep wget'
node2:
    wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64

// 开始删除
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.remove wget
node2:
    ----------
    wget:
        ----------
        new:
        old:
            1.19.5-10.el8
[root@master ~]# 

// 删除成功
[root@node2 packages]# rpm -qa | grep wget
[root@node2 packages]# 

// 若要卸载多个文件，中间需要用逗号隔开

2.3.10 pkg.upgrade

升级系统中所有的软件包或升级指定的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.upgrade name=openssl
node2:
    ----------
    openssl:
        ----------
        new:
            1:1.1.1k-4.el8
        old:
            1:1.1.1g-11.el8
    openssl-libs:
        ----------
        new:
            1:1.1.1k-4.el8
        old:
            1:1.1.1g-11.el8
// 若想升级系统中所有的软件包则把 name 参数去掉即可

2.3.11 pkg.group_install

安装包组

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' pkg.group_install 'Development Tools'
node2:
    ----------
    adobe-mappings-cmap:
        ----------
        new:
            20171205-3.el8
        old:
    adobe-mappings-cmap-deprecated:
        ----------
        new:
            20171205-3.el8
        old:
    adobe-mappings-pdf:
        ----------
        new:
            20180407-1.el8
        old:
    annobin:
        ----------
        new:
            10.15-2.el8
        old:
    asciidoc:
        ----------
        new:
            8.6.10-0.5.20180627gitf7c2274.el8
        old:
    autoconf:
        ----------
        new:
            2.69-29.el8
        old:
    automake:
        ----------
        new:
            1.16.1-7.el8
        old:
    binutils:
        ----------
        new:
            2.30-108.el8
        old:
    bison:
        ----------
        new:
            3.0.4-10.el8
        old:
    boost-atomic:
        ----------
        new:
            1.66.0-10.el8
        old:
    boost-chrono:
        ----------
        new:
            1.66.0-10.el8
        old:
    boost-date-time:
        ----------
        new:
            1.66.0-10.el8
        old:
    boost-filesystem:
        ----------
        new:
            1.66.0-10.el8
        old:
    boost-regex:
        ----------
        new:
            1.66.0-10.el8
        old:
    boost-system:
        ----------
后面省略....

2.4 SaltStack常用模块之state

2.4.1 state.show_highstate

显示当前系统中有哪些高级状态

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' state.show_highstate
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

2.4.2 state.highstate

执行高级状态

pillar自定义数据：
在master的配置文件里找pillar_roots可以看到其存放pillar的位置

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
# Pillar is laid out in the same fashion as the file server, with environments,
# a top file and sls files. However, pillar data does not need to be in the
# highstate format, and is generally just key/value pairs.
pillar_roots:		// 取消这三行注释
  base:
    - /srv/pillar/base
#
#ext_pillar:
#  - hiera: /etc/hiera.yaml
#  - cmd_yaml: cat /etc/salt/yaml


[root@master ~]# systemctl restart salt-master

[root@master ~]# mkdir -p /srv/pillar/base

[root@master ~]# vim /srv/pillar/base/test.sls
{% if grains['os'] == 'CentOS Stream' %}
test: httpd
{% elif grains['os'] == 'CentOS' %}
test: nginx
{% endif %}

[root@master ~]# vim /srv/pillar/base/top.sls
base:	// 指定环境
  '192.168.91.137':		// 指定目标
    - test

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
#pillar_opts: True	// 这一行重新注释

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pillar.items
node2:
    ----------
master:
    ----------
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    test:
        httpd
node3:
    ----------


// 在salt下修改nginx的状态文件，引用pillar的数据
[root@master ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/web/apache/install.sls 
apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: "{{ pillar['test'] }}"

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: "{{ pillar['test'] }}"
    - enable: True

// 高级状态
[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' state.highstate web.apache.install
192.168.91.137:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 10:29:45.259589
    Duration: 688.226 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: The service httpd is already running
     Started: 10:29:45.952305
    Duration: 45.629 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for 192.168.91.137
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     2
Total run time: 733.855 ms

2.4.3 state.show_state_usage

显示当前系统中的高级状态执行情况

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' state.show_state_usage
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    base:
        ----------
        count_all:
            3
        count_unused:
            2
        count_used:
            1
        unused:
            - top
            - web.nginx.install
        used:
            - web.apache.install
    dev:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:
    prod:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:
    test:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:

2.4.4 state.show_top

返回minion将用于highstate的顶级数据

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' state.show_top
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    base:
        - web.apache.install

2.4.5 state.top

执行指定的top file

// 在top file里面使用Grains
[root@master ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/amu.sls
base:
  'os:Centos Stream':
    - match: grain
    - web.apache.install


执行指定的top file，而不是默认的
[root@master ~]# salt "192.168.91.137" state.top amu.sls
192.168.91.137:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 13:03:22.950776
    Duration: 679.831 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: The service httpd is already running
     Started: 13:03:23.632397
    Duration: 42.748 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for 192.168.91.137
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     2
Total run time: 722.579 ms

2.4.6 state.show_sls

显示 master 上特定sls或sls文件列表中的状态数据

[root@master ~]# salt '192.168.91.137' state.show_sls web.apache.install
192.168.91.137:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

2.5 SaltStack常用模块之user

2.5.1 user.add

创建用户

[root@master ~]# id amu
id: 'amu': no such user
[root@master ~]# salt "master" user.add amu
master:
    True
[root@master ~]# id amu
uid=1000(amu) gid=1000(amu) groups=1000(amu)

2.5.2 user.chfullname

更改用户完整信息

[root@master ~]# salt "master" user.chfullname amu "amu Bar" 
master:
    True
    
[root@master ~]# cat /etc/passwd | tail -1
amu:x:1000:1000:amu Bar:/home/amu:/bin/bash

2.5.3 user.chuid

更改用户UID

[root@master ~]# id amu
uid=1000(amu) gid=1000(amu) groups=1000(amu)

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.chuid amu 2000
master:
    True
[root@master ~]# id amu
uid=2000(amu) gid=1000(amu) groups=1000(amu)

2.5.4 user.chgid

更改用户GID

[root@master ~]# userdel -r xc
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.add xc
master:
    True

// 更改gid，用户组得先存在
[root@master ~]# id xc
uid=2001(xc) gid=2001(xc) groups=2001(xc)

// 把amu的1000gid更改为2001
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.chgid amu 2001
master:
    True
[root@master ~]# id amu
uid=2000(amu) gid=2001(xc) groups=2001(xc)

2.5.5 user.info

返回用户信息

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.info amu
master:
    ----------
    fullname:
    gid:
        2001
    groups:
        - xc
    home:
        /home/amu
    homephone:
    name:
        amu
    other:
    passwd:
        x
    roomnumber:
    shell:
        /bin/bash
    uid:
        2000
    workphone:

2.5.6 user.getent

返回所有系统用户信息的列表。

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.getent
master:
    |_
      ----------
      fullname:
          root
      gid:
          0
      groups:
          - root
      home:
          /root
      homephone:
      name:
          root
      other:
      passwd:
          x
      roomnumber:
      shell:
          /bin/bash
      uid:
          0
      workphone:
    |_
      ----------
      fullname:
          bin
      gid:
          1
      groups:
          - bin
      home:
          /bin
      homephone:
      name:
          bin
      other:
      passwd:
          x
      roomnumber:
      shell:
          /sbin/nologin
      uid:
          1
      workphone:
    |_
      ----------
      fullname:
          daemon
      gid:
          2
      groups:
          - daemon
      home:
          /sbin
      homephone:
      name:
          daemon
      other:
      passwd:
          x
      roomnumber:
      shell:
          /sbin/nologin
      uid:
          2
      workphone:
    |_
      ----------
后面省略....

2.5.7 user.list_groups

列出指定用户所属组的列表。

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.list_groups amu
master:
    - amu

2.5.8 user.list_users

返回所有用户的列表

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.list_users
master:
    - adm
    - bin
    - daemon
    - dbus
    - ftp
    - games
    - halt
    - lp
    - mail
    - nobody
    - operator
    - polkitd
    - rngd
    - root
    - shutdown
    - sshd
    - sssd
    - sync
    - systemd-coredump
    - systemd-resolve
    - tss
    - unbound
    - xc

2.5.9 user.rename

修改指定用户的用户名。

[root@master ~]# id amu
uid=2000(amu) gid=2001(xc) groups=2001(xc)
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.rename amu amu123
master:
    False
[root@master ~]# id amu
id: 'amu': no such user
[root@master ~]# id amu123
uid=2000(amu123) gid=2001(xc) groups=2001(xc)

[root@master ~]# cat /etc/passwd | tail -2
amu123:x:2000:2001:amu Bar:/home/amu:/bin/bash
xc:x:2001:2001::/home/xc:/bin/bash

// 虽然返回False但是操作是成功完成了的

2.5.10 user.delete

删除用户。

[root@master ~]# id amu123
uid=2000(amu123) gid=2001(xc) groups=2001(xc)
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.delete amu123
master:
    True
[root@master ~]# id amu123
id: 'amu123': no such user

[root@master ~]# cat /etc/passwd | tail -2
rngd:x:995:992:Random Number Generator Daemon:/var/lib/rngd:/sbin/nologin
xc:x:2001:2001::/home/xc:/bin/bash

// amu123用户已被删除

2.6 SaltStack常用模块之salt-cp

salt-cp能够很方便的把 master 上的文件批量传到 minion上

// 拷贝单个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node2:
    debug
    kernels
[root@master ~]# salt-cp 'node2' /etc/passwd /usr/src/
node2:
    ----------
    /usr/src/passwd:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node2:
    debug
    kernels
    passwd

// 拷贝多个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@master ~]# salt-cp 'node2' /etc/shadow /etc/group /usr/src
node2:
    ----------
    /usr/src/group:
        True
    /usr/src/shadow:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'node2:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow

2.7 SaltStack常用模块之file

2.7.1 file.access

检查指定路径是否存在

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node2:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow
    
// 文件存在
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.access /usr/src/passwd f
node2:
    True
    
// 文件不存在
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.access /usr/src/abc f
node2:
    False

检查指定文件的权限信息

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /usr/src'
node2:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 May 19  2020 debug
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root  510 Nov  4 08:59 group
    drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root   35 Nov  3 15:58 kernels
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 1105 Nov  4 08:57 passwd
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root  679 Nov  4 08:59 shadow
    
// 检查/usr/src/passwd文件是否有读权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.access /usr/src/passwd r
node2:
    True
    
// 检查/usr/src/passwd文件是否有写权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.access /usr/src/passwd w
node2:
    True
    
// 检查/usr/src/passwd 是否有执行权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.access /usr/src/passwd x
node2:
    False

2.7.2 file.append

往一个文件里追加内容，若此文件不存在则会报异常

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
node2:
    ls: cannot access '/root/abc': No such file or directory
ERROR: Minions returned with non-zero exit code

// 创建文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'touch abc'
node2:
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls /root'
node2:
    abc
    anaconda-ks.cfg

// 文件存在，即可查看
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 09:08 /root/abc

// 给abc文件添加内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.append /root/abc "hi amu" "hi jerry" "hi tom"
node2:
    Wrote 3 lines to "/root/abc"
    
// 查看添加效果
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc' 
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov  4 09:08 /root/abc
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/abc'
node2:
    hi amu
    hi jerry
    hi tom

2.7.3 file.basename

获取指定路径的基名

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.basename '/root/zabbix/abc'
node2:
    abc

2.7.4 file.dirname

获取指定路径的目录名

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.dirname '/root/zabbix/abc'
node2:
    /root/zabbix

2.7.5 file.check_hash

检查指定的文件与hash字符串是否匹配，匹配则返回 True 否则返回 False

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'md5sum /etc/passwd'
node2:
    30d097887e4bcfdfad8e5fed57e642f8  /etc/passwd
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.check_hash /etc/passwd 30d097887e4bcfdfad8e5fed57e642f8
node2:
    True

2.7.6 file.chattr

修改指定文件的属性

属性	对文件的意义	对目录的意义
a	只允许在这个文件之后追加数据，不允许任何进程覆盖或截断这个文件	只允许在这个目录下建立和修改文件，而不允许删除任何文件
i	不允许对这个文件进行任何的修改，不能删除、更改、移动	任何的进程只能修改目录之下的文件，不允许建立和删除文件

给指定文件添加属性

// 查看当前属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node2:
    -------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    -------------------- /root/abc
    -------------------- /root/abb
    
// 添加属性operator=add
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.chattr /root/abc operator=add attributes=ai
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'node2:
    -------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    ----ia-------------- /root/abc

给指定文件去除属性

// 去除属性operator=remove
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.chattr /root/abc operator=remove attributes=i
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'node2:
    -------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    -----a-------------- /root/abc

2.7.7 file.chown

设置指定文件的属主、属组信息


[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 15:56 xixi


// 修改权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.chown /root/xixi root root
node2:
    None
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:56 xixi

2.7.8 file.copy

在远程主机上复制文件或目录

拷贝文件

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 8
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.copy /root/abc root/abb
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg

// 拷贝tmp目录
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.copy /tmp/ /root/abd recurse=True
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt  14 root root  320 Nov  4 09:52 abd
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg

删除目标目录中同名的文件或目录并拷贝新内容至其中

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abd'
node2:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 Nov  4 09:52 hsperfdata_root
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_896-2730693439
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_922-2722632355
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_935-3980298462
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_936-2697532681
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_945-4013199049
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  6 Nov  4 09:52 vmware-root_946-2688685205

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /tmp/'
node2:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 Nov  3 15:59 hsperfdata_root
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  2 22:28 vmware-root_922-2722632355
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  4 08:46 vmware-root_935-3980298462


[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.copy /tmp/ /root/abd recurse=True remove_existing=True
node2:
    True
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /tmp/'node2:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 Nov  3 15:59 hsperfdata_root
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  2 22:28 vmware-root_922-2722632355
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  4 08:46 vmware-root_935-3980298462
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abd'
node2:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 Nov  3 15:59 hsperfdata_root
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  2 22:28 vmware-root_922-2722632355
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  4 08:46 vmware-root_935-3980298462

2.7.9 file.ditectory_exists

判断指定目录是否存在，存在则返回 True ，否则返回 False

// 查看tmp目录下有哪些目录文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /tmp/'
node2:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 Nov  3 15:59 hsperfdata_root
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  2 22:28 vmware-root_922-2722632355
    drwx------ 2 root root  6 Nov  4 08:46 vmware-root_935-3980298462

// 检查vmware-root_922-2722632355目录文件是否存在
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.directory_exists /tmp/vmware-root_922-2722632355
node2:
    True

2.7.10 file.diskusage

递归计算指定路径的磁盘使用情况并以字节为单位返回

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'du -sb /opt'
node2:
    6   /opt
master:
    6   /opt
192.168.91.137:
    6   /opt
node3:
    6   /opt

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.diskusage '/opt'
node2:
    0
master:
    0
192.168.91.137:
    0
node3:
    0

2.7.11 file.file_exists

判断指定文件是否存在

// 查看文件属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    
// abc文件存在，返回True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.file_exists /root/abc
node2:
    True
    
// abf文件不存在，返回Flase
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.file_exists /root/abf
node2:
    False
    
// vk是目录，不是文件，即使存在，也返回Flase
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.file_exists /root/vk
node2:
    False

2.7.12 file.find

类似 find 命令并返回符合指定条件的路径列表

The options include match criteria:

name    = path-glob                 # case sensitive
iname   = path-glob                 # case insensitive
regex   = path-regex                # case sensitive
iregex  = path-regex                # case insensitive
type    = file-types                # match any listed type
user    = users                     # match any listed user
group   = groups                    # match any listed group
size    = [+-]number[size-unit]     # default unit = byte
mtime   = interval                  # modified since date
grep    = regex                     # search file contents

and/or actions:

delete [= file-types]               # default type = 'f'
exec    = command [arg ...]         # where {} is replaced by pathname
print  [= print-opts]

The default action is print=path

path-glob:

*                = match zero or more chars
?                = match any char
[abc]            = match a, b, or c
[!abc] or [^abc] = match anything except a, b, and c
[x-y]            = match chars x through y
[!x-y] or [^x-y] = match anything except chars x through y
{a,b,c}          = match a or b or c

path-regex: a Python Regex (regular expression) pattern to match pathnames

file-types: a string of one or more of the following:

a: all file types
b: block device
c: character device
d: directory
p: FIFO (named pipe)
f: plain file
l: symlink
s: socket

users: a space and/or comma separated list of user names and/or uids

groups: a space and/or comma separated list of group names and/or gids

size-unit:

b: bytes
k: kilobytes
m: megabytes
g: gigabytes
t: terabytes

interval:

[<num>w] [<num>d] [<num>h] [<num>m] [<num>s]

where:
    w: week
    d: day
    h: hour
    m: minute
    s: second

print-opts: a comma and/or space separated list of one or more of the following:

group: group name
md5:   MD5 digest of file contents
mode:  file permissions (as integer)
mtime: last modification time (as time_t)
name:  file basename
path:  file absolute path
size:  file size in bytes
type:  file type
user:  user name

示例：

salt '*' file.find / type=f name=\*.bak size=+10m
salt '*' file.find /var mtime=+30d size=+10m print=path,size,mtime
salt '*' file.find /var/log name=\*.[0-9] mtime=+30d size=+10m delete

查找目标主机中的指定目录中，扩展名为txt，且文件大小小于10M的文件

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 4
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.find /root/ name=\*.txt size=-10m
node2:
    - /root/amu.txt
    - /root/gf.txt

2.7.13 file.get_gid

获取指定文件的gid

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/anaconda-ks.cfg'
node2:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
master:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Aug  8 20:41 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
192.168.91.137:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Sep 30 09:32 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node3:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Nov  2 10:34 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_gid '/root/anaconda-ks.cfg'
node2:
    0
master:
    0

2.7.14 file.get_group

获取指定文件的组名

// 创建文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'touch amu'
node2:

// 查看属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/amu'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 10:44 /root/amu
  
// 查看文件组名
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.get_group root/amu
node2:
    root

2.7.15 file.get_hash

获取指定文件的hash值，该值通过 sha256 算法得来

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/anaconda-ks.cfg'
node2:
    6573809ed82565a5da3f67975cc14afe569cedf15192334bd2400c281ef508a9  /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
192.168.91.137:
    19f47a31e93cf73d728f7fc3d81463dbcecdc89578c778788fecab20c794d000  /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node3:
    3b3693f9ca9f25d420afe88537fc271d71b215452e4c6fcac45c02447a9c431a  /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
master:
    e637f61f2d842866b173034b941e95ab830b835135306593d9a6cdc018f2411c  /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_hash /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node2:
    6573809ed82565a5da3f67975cc14afe569cedf15192334bd2400c281ef508a9
master:
    e637f61f2d842866b173034b941e95ab830b835135306593d9a6cdc018f2411c
192.168.91.137:
    19f47a31e93cf73d728f7fc3d81463dbcecdc89578c778788fecab20c794d000
node3:
    3b3693f9ca9f25d420afe88537fc271d71b215452e4c6fcac45c02447a9c431a

2.7.16 file.get_mode

获取指定文件的权限，以数字方式显示

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/anaconda-ks.cfg'
node2:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
192.168.91.137:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Sep 30 09:32 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
master:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Aug  8 20:41 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node3:
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Nov  2 10:34 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_mode /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node2:
    0600
192.168.91.137:
    0600
master:
    0600
node3:
    0600

2.7.17 file.get_selinux_context

获取指定文件的 SELINUX 上下文信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -Z /root/anaconda-ks.cfg'
node2:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
master:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
192.168.91.137:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node3:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_selinux_context /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
node2:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
192.168.91.137:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
master:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
node3:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0

2.7.18 file.get_sum

按照指定的算法计算指定文件的特征码并显示，默认使用的sha256算法。
该函数可使用的算法参数有：

md5
sha1
sha224
sha256 (default)
sha384
sha512

// 创建gf文件
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'touch gf'
node2:
192.168.91.137:
master:
node3:

// 查看sha256算法的值
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/gf'node2:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  /root/gf
master:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  /root/gf
192.168.91.137:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  /root/gf
node3:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855  /root/gf

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_sum /root/gf
node2:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855
master:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855
192.168.91.137:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855
node3:
    e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855

// 查看md5算法的值
root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'md5sum /root/gf'
node2:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e  /root/gf
192.168.91.137:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e  /root/gf
master:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e  /root/gf
node3:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e  /root/gf

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_sum /root/gf md5
node2:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
192.168.91.137:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
master:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
node3:
    d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e

2.7.19 file.get_uid与file.get_user

获取指定文件的 uid 或用户名

// 查看文件属性
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/gf'
node2:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 10:54 /root/gf
192.168.91.137:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 10:54 /root/gf
master:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 10:54 /root/gf
node3:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov  4 10:54 /root/gf
    
// 查看文件UID
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_uid /root/gf
node2:
    0
master:
    0
node3:
    0
192.168.91.137:
    0
    
// 查看文件用户名
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_user /root/gf
node2:
    root
master:
    root
192.168.91.137:
    root
node3:
    root

2.7.20 file.gid_to_group

将指定的 gid 转换为组名并显示

// 创建用户tom
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' user.add tom
master:
    True
[root@master ~]# id tom
uid=2002(tom) gid=2002(tom) groups=2002(tom)

// 查看用户组
[root@master ~]# cat /etc/group | tail -2
xc:x:2001:
tom:x:2002:

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.gid_to_group 2001
master:
    xc
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.gid_to_group 2002
master:
    tom
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.gid_to_group 0
master:
    root

2.7.21 file.group_to_gid

将指定的组名转换为 gid 并显示

[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.group_to_gid root
master:
    0
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.group_to_gid xc
master:
    2001
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.group_to_gid tom
master:
    2002

2.7.22 file.grep

在指定文件中检索指定内容
该函数支持通配符，若在指定的路径中用通配符则必须用双引号引起来

salt '*' file.grep /etc/passwd nobody
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i -B2
salt '*' file.grep "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/*" ipaddr -- -i -l

2.7.23 file.is_blkdev

判断指定的文件是否是块设备文件

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /dev/sr0'
node2:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov  4 08:46 /dev/sr0
master:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov  4 08:46 /dev/sr0
192.168.91.137:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov  4 08:52 /dev/sr0
node3:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov  4 08:47 /dev/sr0
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.is_blkdev /dev/sr0 
node2:
    True
master:
    True
192.168.91.137:
    True
node3:
    True

2.7.24 file.lsattr

检查并显示出指定文件的属性信息

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/abc'
node2:
    -----a-------------- /root/abc
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'chattr +i /root/abc'node2:
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/abc'
node2:
    ----ia-------------- /root/abc
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.lsattr '/root/abc'node2:
    ----------
    /root/abc:
        - i
        - a

2.7.25 file.mkdir

创建目录并设置属主、属组及权限

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 v

// 创建目录vb
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.mkdir /root/vb
node2:
    True

// 查看创建情况
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk

// 创建tom用户
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' user.add tom
node2:
    True

// 创建目录并设置属主、属组及权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.mkdir /root/xixi tom tom 400
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 15:56 xixi

2.7.26 file.move

移动或重命名

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abb
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:08 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi


先删除权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/abc'
node2:
    ----ia-------------- /root/abc

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/abb'
node2:
    -------------------- /root/abb
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'chattr -ai /root/abc' 
node2:
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'lsattr /root/abc'node2:
    -------------------- /root/abc

// 重命名
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.move /root/abb /root/abcnode2:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/abb' moved to '/root/abc'
    result:
        True

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 8
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   23 Nov  4 09:39 abc
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi


// 移动
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node2:
    total 0
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.move /root/abc /opt
node2:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/abc' moved to '/opt'
    result:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node2:
    total 4
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov  4 09:39 abc

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 4
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:44 amu
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

2.7.27 file.prepend

把文本插入指定文件的开头

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hello fss
    hello sdsd
    hello amu
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.prepend /root/amu "hehe" "xixi" "haha"
node2:
    Prepended 3 lines to "/root/amu"
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hello fss
    hello sdsd
    hello amu

2.7.28 file.sed

修改文本文件的内容

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hello fss
    hello sdsd
    hello amu
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.sed /root/amu "hello" "hi"
node2:
    ----------
    pid:
        67185
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi fss
    hi sdsd
    hi amu


[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi hi fss
    hi hi sdsd
    hi hi amu
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.sed /root/amu 'hi' 'with' flags=2
node2:
    ----------
    pid:
        70731
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi with fss
    hi with sdsd
    hi with amu

2.7.29 file.read

读取文件内容

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi with fss
    hi with sdsd
    hi with amu
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.read /root/amu
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi with fss
    hi with sdsd
    hi with amu

2.7.30 file.readdir

列出指定目录下的所有文件或目录，包括隐藏文件

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.readdir /root
node2:
    - .
    - ..
    - .bash_logout
    - .bash_profile
    - .bashrc
    - .cshrc
    - .tcshrc
    - anaconda-ks.cfg
    - .config
    - .bash_history
    - abd
    - gf
    - vk
    - vb
    - xixi
    - amu.txt
    - gf.txt
    - amu.bak
    - .viminfo
    - amu

2.7.31 file.remove

删除指定的文件或目录，若给出的是目录，将递归删除

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 amu.bak
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  4 10:54 gf
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 11:15 vk
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
    
// 删除文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.remove /root/gf
node2:
    True
    
// 删除目录
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.remove /root/vk
node2:
    True
    
// 查看删除情况
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 amu.bak
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

2.7.32 file.rename

重命名文件或目录

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 amu.bak
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.rename /root/amu.bak /root/a
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    6 Nov  4 15:54 vb
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

2.7.33 file.set_mode

给指定文件设置权限

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.set_mode /root/a 0400
node2:
    0400
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -r--------   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

2.7.34 file.symlink

给指定的文件创建软链接

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -r--------   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.symlink /root/a /opt/a
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root ; ls -l /opt/a'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -r--------   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   52 Nov  5 09:15 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov  5 09:31 /opt/a -> /root/a

2.7.35 file.touch

创建空文件或更新时间戳

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node2:
    total 4
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  7 Nov  5 09:31 a -> /root/a
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov  4 09:39 abc

// 创建空文件b、c
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.touch /opt/b
node2:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.touch '/opt/c'
node2:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/'
node2:
    total 4
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  7 Nov  5 09:31 a -> /root/a
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov  4 09:39 abc
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Nov  5 09:33 b
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Nov  5 09:33 c

// 文件已存在，重复操作，更新时间戳
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.touch '/opt/c'
node2:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/'
node2:
    total 4
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  7 Nov  5 09:31 a -> /root/a
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Nov  4 09:39 abc
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Nov  5 09:33 b
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Nov  5 09:34 c

2.7.36 file.uid_to_user

将指定的 uid 转换成用户名显示出来

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.uid_to_user 0
node2:
    root
192.168.91.137:
    root
master:
    root
node3:
    root
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.uid_to_user 2001
master:
    xc

2.7.37 file.user_to_uid

将指定的用户转换成 uid 并显示出来

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.user_to_uid root
node2:
    0
192.168.91.137:
    0
master:
    0
node3:
    0
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.user_to_uid xc
master:
    2001
    
// 没有该用户，不显示内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'master' file.user_to_uid amu
master:

2.7.38 file.write

往一个指定的文件里覆盖写入指定内容

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 12
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -r--------   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   13 Nov  5 09:39 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'
node2:
    hehe
    xixi
    haha
    hi with fss
    hi with sdsd
    hi with amu
    
// amu文件已存在，直接覆盖文件内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.write /root/amu 'This is test'
node2:
    Wrote 1 lines to "/root/amu"
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/amu'node2:
    This is test

// b文件不存在，会自动先创建文件，在进行覆盖内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' file.write /root/b 'This is test' 'hhah'
node2:
    Wrote 2 lines to "/root/b"
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'cat /root/b'
node2:
    This is test
    hhah
[root@master ~]# salt 'node2' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node2:
    total 16
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 09:24 123
    -r--------   1 root root   46 Nov  5 09:14 a
    drwxrwxrwt. 10 root root  184 Nov  4 10:02 abd
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   13 Nov  5 09:39 amu
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 amu.txt
    -rw-------.  1 root root 1092 Jul 26 20:40 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root   18 Nov  5 09:40 b
    -rw-r--r--   1 root root    0 Nov  5 08:39 gf.txt
    dr--------   2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 16:10 xixi

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SaltStack常用的模块

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