使用java库中的函数进行排序,递增,递减,对于数组,对于List集合排序。对于基本数据类型外的对象类型排序。
主要方法:
Arrays.sort(array);
Collections.sort(list);
Arrays.sort(nameArray,Comparator);
Collections.sort(list,Comparator);
注意:
是Collections, 而不是 Collection
是Arrays,而不是 Array
1.对于数组–Arrays.sort(array)
递增排序 Arrays.sort(strArray );
int[] intArray = new int[] {2, 1, 3, -2};
Arrays.sort(intArray);
for(int i = 0; i < intArray.length; i++){
System.out.print(intArray[i]+" ");
}
运行结果:-2 1 2 3
----------
String[] strArray = new String[] {"x","a","B"};
Arrays.sort(strArray);
for(int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++){
System.out.print(strArray[i]+" ");
}
运行结果:B a x //根据ASCII码表中对应数值大小排序
递减排序 Arrays.sort(intArray,Comparator.reverseOrder());
int[] intArray = new int[] {2, 1, 3, -2};
Arrays.sort(intArray,Comparator.reverseOrder());
for(int i = 0; i < intArray.length; i++){
System.out.print(intArray[i]+" ");
}
运行结果: 3 2 1 -2
----------
String[] strArray = new String[] {"x","a","B"};
Arrays.sort(strArray,Comparator.reverseOrder() );
for(int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++){
System.out.print(strArray[i]+" ");
}
运行结果:x a B
对于String类型的,不区分大小写排序:
Arrays.sort(strArray,String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
String[] strArray = new String[] {"x","a","B"};
Arrays.sort(strArray,String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
for(int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++){
System.out.print(strArray[i]+" ");
}
运行结果:a B x
2.对于List –Collections.sort(list)
递增顺序 Collections.sort(list);
LinkedList list = new LinkedList(); //对于String类型同样适用
list.add(2);
list.add(3);
list.add(1);
list.add(-2);
Collections.sort(list);
System.out.println(list.toString());
运行结果:-2 1 2 3
递减顺序 Collections.sort(list,Collections.reverseOrder());
LinkedList list = new LinkedList(); //对于String类型同样适用
list.add(2);
list.add(3);
list.add(1);
list.add(-2);
Collections.sort(list,Collections.reverseOrder());
System.out.println(list.toString());
运行结果: 3 2 1 -2
3. 对于对象数组–使用Comparator接口
区别与上面的基本数据类型(int,char等),对于对象的排序就要用到自定义的Comparable接口了。以比较名字为例。
先比较姓,再比较名,按字典序递增排序
第一种写法:将实例类实现Comparable接口,重写compareTo(Object o)方法。
lastName.compareTo(o.lastName)的返回值有等于0,大于0,小于0三种情况。
如果等于0,则lastName字符串与o.lastName的字符串相同
如果大于0,则astName字符串大于o.lastName的字符串
如果小于0,则astName字符串小于o.lastName的字符串
自定义对象类(在此类中重写compareTo(Object o)方法)
class Name implements Comparable<Name>{
public String firstName, lastName;
public Name(String firstName, String lastName){
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public int compareTo(Name o) { //实现接口
int lastCmp = lastName.compareTo(o.lastName);
return (lastCmp != 0? lastCmp : firstName.compareTo(o.firstName));
}
public String toString(){ //便于输出测试
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
}
测试类:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Name nameArray[] = {
new Name("John", "Lennon"),
new Name("Karl", "Marx"),
new Name("Groucho", "Marx"),
new Name("Oscar", "Grouch")
};
Arrays.sort(nameArray);
for(int i=0;i<nameArray.length;i++){
System.out.println(nameArray[i].toString());
}
}
运行结果:
Oscar Grouch
John Lennon
Groucho Marx
Karl Marx
第二种写法:
实例类不用实现Comparable接口,而在排序的时候,需要写Comparator 接口。
排序时调用 Arrays.sort(nameArray,lastNameOrder);
其中,lastNameOrder为Comparator接口
这里以先比较名,再比较姓为例
自定义对象类
class Name2{
public String firstName, lastName;
public Name2(String firstName, String lastName){
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String toString(){ //便于输出测试
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
}
测试类
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//实现Comparator的接口
Comparator firstNameOrder = new Comparator<Name2>() {
public int compare(Name2 n1, Name2 n2) {
int firstCmp = n1.firstName.compareTo(n2.firstName);
return (firstCmp != 0? firstCmp
: n1.lastName.compareTo(n2.firstName));
}
};
Name2 nameArray[] = {
new Name2("John", "Lennon"),
new Name2("Karl", "Marx"),
new Name2("Groucho", "Marx"),
new Name2("Oscar", "Grouch")
};
Arrays.sort(nameArray, firstNameOrder);
//或者用Collections.sort也一样,只不过要转换成List
//Collections.sort(Arrays.asList(nameArray),firstNameOrder);
for(int i = 0; i < nameArray.length; i++){
System.out.println(nameArray[i].toString());
}
}
运行结果:
Groucho Marx
John Lennon
Karl Marx
Oscar Grouch
原文出处:Java使用库函数排序