类和对象（一）

（一）以people为例子

/**
 * new：1）在堆上开辟内存
 *      2）调用构造函数：用来初始化成员变量
 *      没有构造函数，JVM默认给无参构造函数，给默认值
 * 类的构成： 1）成员变量（实例变量）（属性）
 *           2）构造方法（专门初始化成员变量）
 *           3）成员方法（实例方法）（行为）
 * 一个原文件只能对应一个public class People{  }  People.java必须和文件名相同
 * 局部变量：生命周期
 * 成员变量：生命周期 类中都有效
 * this关键字：指明当前对象，this.name
 * 如果局部变量的命名和成员变量的命名出现命名冲突，需要强制指明当前对象，this.
 *
 * 访问修饰符:
 * public 共有   private 私有    默认访问(包访问)
 *
 * 对象大小：对象存储位置
 * 对象大小：对象头+实例变量+内存填充
 */
public class People {
    //属性→实例变量
    private String name;//null
    private int age;//0 默认值
    //行为→实例方法
    public People(String name,int age){//初始化成员变量
          this.name=name;
          this.age=age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name){

        this.name=name;
    }

    //行为→成员方法（实例方法）
    public void eat(){

    }
    public void sleep(){

    }
}

TestDemo

public class TestDemo {//专门存放main
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        People people1=new People("zs",14);//对象？堆 对象大小？
        //成员的访问方式 引用变量
        System.out.println(people1.getName());
        people1.setName("xyd");
        System.out.println(people1.getName());

        People people2=new People("lisi",20);
        System.out.println(people2.getName());

        People people3=new People("wangmazi",18);
        System.out.println(people3.getName());
    }

}

（二）以Bankcard为例子

public class BankCard {
     String name;
     int id;
     int password;
     int money;
     BankCard(String name,int id,int money,int password){
        this.name=name;
        this.id=id;
        this.password=password;
        this.money=money;
     }
     void saveMoney(int money){

         this.money=money+this.money;
     }

    /**
     * 查余额
     * @return
     */
     int getMoney(){

         return money;
     }
     void withdrawMoney(int money)
     {
         if(this.money>=money)
         {
             this.money-=money;
         }
     }
}

TestDemo

public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BankCard bankCard1=new BankCard("工商银行",1234,500000,6666);
        System.out.println(bankCard1.id+bankCard1.name);
        bankCard1.saveMoney(10000);
        System.out.println(bankCard1.money);

        BankCard bankCard2=new BankCard("招商银行",5678,15000,5555);
        System.out.println(bankCard2.id+bankCard2 .name);
        bankCard2.withdrawMoney(100);
        System.out.println(bankCard2.money);

        BankCard bankCard3=new BankCard("建设银行",6666,2500,7777);
        System.out.println(bankCard3 .id+bankCard3 .name);
        bankCard3 .getMoney();
        System.out.println(bankCard3.money);
    }
}

（三）练习作业

public class MyArrayList {
    private int[]element;
    public MyArrayList(int[] element) {//初始化成员变量
        this.element = element;
    }

    public void addHead(int value){
       int count=getCount(element);
       int arrlength=element.length;//原数组长度
        if(count==element.length){//数组满
         element= Arrays.copyOf(element,element.length+1);
        }
            //数据移动，腾0下标
        int index;
        for(index=arrlength-1;index>=0;index--){
            element[index+1]=element[index];
        }
        //index == -1
        element[index+1] = value;
      //element[0] = value;
    }
    public int[] getElement(){
        return element;
    }
    public int getCount(int[]element){
        int count=0;
        for(int i=0;i<element.length;i++){
            if(element[i]!=0){
                count++;
            }
        }
        return count;
}
     public void addTail(int value){
       int count=element.length;
       element= Arrays.copyOf(element,element.length+1);
       element[count]=value;
     }
    public void deletHead(){

          for(int i=0;i<element.length-1;i++){
              element[i]=element[i+1];
          }
        element=Arrays.copyOf(element,element.length-1);
    }
    public void deleteTial(){
       element=Arrays.copyOf(element,element.length-1);
    }
    }

TestDemo

public class TestDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyArrayList myArrayList1=new MyArrayList(new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
        myArrayList1.addHead(0);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArrayList1.getElement()));

        MyArrayList myArrayList2=new MyArrayList(new int[]{0,1,2,3,4});
        myArrayList2.addTail(5);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArrayList2.getElement()));

        MyArrayList myArrayList3=new MyArrayList(new int[]{11,0,1,2,3,4,5});
        myArrayList3.deletHead();
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArrayList3.getElement()));

        MyArrayList myArrayList4=new MyArrayList(new int[]{0,1,2,3,4,5,6});
        myArrayList4.deleteTial();
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myArrayList4.getElement()));
    }
}

输出结果：
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]