-----------------MYSQL练习题:数据查询(02)-最终版----------------------
提供了[数据库]、[表关系]、[练习题]、[题答案]、[题结果]、[题评价];
简易版:https://blog.csdn.net/HIGK_365/article/details/128260865
- 说明:存放了练习题的目录列表,便于自己独自学习;
数据库
【库语句】:
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!50503 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- 导出 school_db 的数据库结构 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `school_db`; CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `school_db` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 */; USE `school_db`; -- 导出 表 school_db.course 结构 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `course` ( `c_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `c_name` varchar(8) DEFAULT NULL, `t_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3; -- 正在导出表 school_db.course 的数据:~3 rows (大约) DELETE FROM `course`; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `course` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `course` (`c_id`, `c_name`, `t_id`) VALUES (1, '语文', 2), (2, '数学', 1), (3, '英语', 3); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `course` ENABLE KEYS */; -- 导出 表 school_db.score 结构 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `score` ( `s_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `c_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `s_score` int(11) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3; -- 正在导出表 school_db.score 的数据:~18 rows (大约) DELETE FROM `score`; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `score` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `score` (`s_id`, `c_id`, `s_score`) VALUES (1, 1, 80), (1, 2, 90), (1, 3, 99), (2, 1, 70), (2, 2, 60), (2, 3, 65), (3, 1, 80), (3, 2, 80), (3, 3, 80), (4, 1, 50), (4, 2, 30), (4, 3, 40), (5, 1, 76), (5, 2, 87), (6, 1, 31), (6, 3, 34), (7, 2, 89), (7, 3, 98); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `score` ENABLE KEYS */; -- 导出 表 school_db.student 结构 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `student` ( `s_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `s_name` varchar(8) DEFAULT NULL, `s_birth` date DEFAULT NULL, `s_sex` varchar(4) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3; -- 正在导出表 school_db.student 的数据:~8 rows (大约) DELETE FROM `student`; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `student` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `student` (`s_id`, `s_name`, `s_birth`, `s_sex`) VALUES (1, '赵雷', '1990-01-01', '男'), (2, '钱电', '1990-12-21', '男'), (3, '孙风', '1990-05-20', '男'), (4, '李云', '1990-08-06', '男'), (5, '周梅', '1991-12-01', '女'), (6, '吴兰', '1992-03-01', '女'), (7, '郑竹', '1989-07-01', '女'), (8, '王菊', '1990-01-20', '女'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `student` ENABLE KEYS */; -- 导出 表 school_db.teacher 结构 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `teacher` ( `t_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `t_name` varchar(8) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3; -- 正在导出表 school_db.teacher 的数据:~3 rows (大约) DELETE FROM `teacher`; /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `teacher` DISABLE KEYS */; INSERT INTO `teacher` (`t_id`, `t_name`) VALUES (1, '张三'), (2, '李四'), (3, '王五'); /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `teacher` ENABLE KEYS */; /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_MODE, '') */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=IFNULL(@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, 1) */; /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_NOTES, 1) */;
【表关系】:
练习题
01、查询课程"1"比课程"2"成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | score_01 | score_02 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+ | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | 70 | 60 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | 50 | 30 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+
【答案】:
select s.*,sc1.s_score as score_01,sc2.s_score as score_02 from student s inner join ( select * from score where c_id = 1 ) sc1 on s.s_id = sc1.s_id inner join ( select * from score where c_id = 2 ) sc2 on s.s_id = sc2.s_id where sc1.s_score > sc2.s_score;
【参考】:
SELECT student.*,t1.s_score,t2.s_score FROM student JOIN ( SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_id = 1 ) t1 ON student.s_id = t1.s_id JOIN ( SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_Id = 2 ) t2 ON student.s_id = t2.s_id WHERE t1.s_score > t2.s_score;
【评价】:
- 比较难,做了几次都做不出来;
- 主要考察的是关联查询的用法;
02、查询课程"1"比课程"2"成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | score_01 | score_02 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | 80 | 90 | | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | 76 | 87 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+----------+
【答案】:
select s.*,sc1.s_score as score_01,sc2.s_score as score_02 from student s inner join ( select * from score where c_id = 1 ) sc1 on s.s_id = sc1.s_id inner join ( select * from score where c_id = 2 ) sc2 on s.s_id = sc2.s_id where sc1.s_score < sc2.s_score;
【评价】:
- 和
01
一样的性质;
03、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的学生的编号、姓名和平均成绩
【结果】:
+------+--------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 89.67 | | 2 | 钱电 | 65.00 | | 3 | 孙风 | 80.00 | | 5 | 周梅 | 81.50 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 93.50 | +------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,round(avg_score, 2) as avg_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,avg(s_score) as avg_score from score group by s_id having avg_score >= 60 ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id;
【评价】:
- 要特别注意的是,要使用别名;
04、查询平均成绩小于60分的学生的编号、姓名和平均成绩(包括有成绩的和无成绩的)
【结果】:
+------+--------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 4 | 李云 | 40.00 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 32.50 | | 8 | 王菊 | 0.00 | +------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,ifnull(round(avg_score, 2), 0) as avg_score from student s left join ( select s_id,avg(s_score) as avg_score from score group by s_id ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id where avg_score is null or avg_score < 60;
【评价】:
- 还是比较难的,考察了外连接;
- 不要把没成绩的数据丢失了哦;
05、查询所有学生的编号、姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | cnt_course | sum_score | +------+--------+------------+-----------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 3 | 269 | | 2 | 钱电 | 3 | 195 | | 3 | 孙风 | 3 | 240 | | 4 | 李云 | 3 | 120 | | 5 | 周梅 | 2 | 163 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 2 | 65 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 2 | 187 | | 8 | 王菊 | 0 | 0 | +------+--------+------------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,ifnull(cnt_course, 0) as cnt_course,ifnull(sum_score, 0) as sum_score from student s left join ( select s_id,count(*) as cnt_course,sum(s_score) as sum_score from score group by s_id ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id;
【评价】:
- 用内连接的方式,会没有
王菊
的信息;- 这两道题主要考察了内外连接的差别;
06、查询姓"李"的老师的数量
【结果】:
+-------------+ | cnt_name_li | +-------------+ | 1 | +-------------+
【答案】:
select count(*) as cnt_name_li from teacher where t_name like '李%';
【参考】:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM teacher WHERE t_name LIKE"李%";
【评价】:
- 没难度,主要考察"模糊查询";
07、查询学过"张三"老师课程的同学的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select s.* from student s where s_id in ( select distinct s_id from score sc inner join ( select c_id from course c inner join teacher t on c.t_id = t.t_id where t_name = '张三' ) t1 on sc.c_id = t1.c_id );
【参考】:
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id IN ( SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id = ( SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = "张三" ) ) );
【评价】:
- 注意当有多个返回结果时的使用;
- 这道题用嵌套查询就可以做出来;
08、查询没学过"张三"老师课程的学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 6 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 | | 8 | 王菊 | 1990-01-20 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select s.* from student s where s_id not in ( select distinct s_id from score sc inner join ( select c_id from course c inner join teacher t on c.t_id = t.t_id where t_name = '张三' ) t1 on sc.c_id = t1.c_id );
【参考】:
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id NOT IN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id IN ( SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id IN ( SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = "张三" ) ) );
【评价】:
- 虽然不知道怎样,但是取反就做出来了;
09、查询既学过编号为"1"也学过编号为"2"的课程的学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select s.* from student s where s_id in ( select s_id from score where c_id in (1,2) group by s_id having count(*) = 2 );
【参考】:
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN ( SELECT t1.s_id FROM ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = 1 ) t1 JOIN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id=2 ) t2 ON t1.s_id = t2.s_id );
【评价】:
10、查询学过编号为"1"但没有学过编号为"2"的课程的学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 6 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select s.* from student s where s_id in ( select s_id from score where c_id = 1 and s_id not in ( select s_id from score where c_id = 2 ) );
【评价】:
- 按自己一贯的思路是做不出来的;
- 使用了前所未有的方式来实现的;
- 没有使用关联查询,仅用了嵌套;
11、查询没有学全所有课程的学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 | | 8 | 王菊 | 1990-01-20 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where s_id not in ( select s_id from score group by s_id having count(*) = ( select count(*) from course ) );
【评价】:
- 非常容易出错的一道题;
- 很容易漏掉啥也没学的;
count(*)
会忽略’null’;
12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"1"的学生所学相同的学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where s_id in ( select distinct s_id from score s inner join ( select c_id from score where s_id = 1 ) t1 on s.c_id = t1.c_id );
【参考】:
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id IN ( SELECT c_id FROM score WHERE s_id = 1 ) );
【评价】:
13、查询和"1"号学生学习的课程完全相同的其他学生的信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where s_id in ( select s_id from score s inner join ( select c_id from score where s_id = 1 ) t1 on s.c_id = t1.c_id where s_id != 1 group by s_id having count(*) = ( select count(*) from score where s_id = 1 ) );
【评价】:
- 初看没有思路的一道题;
14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
【结果】:
+--------+ | s_name | +--------+ | 吴兰 | | 王菊 | +--------+
【答案】:
select s_name from student where s_id not in ( select s_id from score sc inner join ( select c_id from course c inner join teacher t on c.t_id = t.t_id where t_name = '张三' ) t1 on sc.c_id = t1.c_id );
【参考】:
SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE s_id NOT IN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id IN ( SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id = ( SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = "张三" ) ) );
【评价】:
15、查询有两门及以上课程不及格的学生的学号、姓名及平均成绩
【结果】:
+------+--------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 4 | 李云 | 40.00 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 32.50 | +------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,round(avg(s_score), 2) as avg_score from student s inner join ( select s_id from score where s_score < 60 group by s_id having count(*) >= 2 ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id inner join score sc on s.s_id = sc.s_id group by s.s_id;
【评价】:
- 这种题目都是没有思路的;
- 聚合函数加关联查询的题;
16、检索课程"1"分数小于60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+----------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | score_01 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+ | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | 50 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 | 31 | +------+--------+------------+-------+----------+
【答案】:
select s.*,s_score as score_01 from student s inner join ( select s_id,s_score from score where c_id = 1 and s_score < 60 ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id order by score_01 desc;
【参考】:
SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN ( SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = 1 AND s_score < 60 ORDER BY s_score DESC ) ;
【评价】:
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
【结果】:
+------+------+------+------+------+----------+ | 学号 | 姓名 | 语文 | 数学 | 英语 | 平均成绩 | +------+------+------+------+------+----------+ | 7 | 郑竹 | 0 | 89 | 98 | 93.50 | | 1 | 赵雷 | 80 | 90 | 99 | 89.67 | | 5 | 周梅 | 76 | 87 | 0 | 81.50 | | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80.00 | | 2 | 钱电 | 70 | 60 | 65 | 65.00 | | 4 | 李云 | 50 | 30 | 40 | 40.00 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 31 | 0 | 34 | 32.50 | | 8 | 王菊 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | +------+------+------+------+------+----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id as 学号,s.s_name as 姓名, sum(case c_id when 1 then s_score else 0 end) as 语文, sum(case c_id when 2 then s_score else 0 end) as 数学, sum(case c_id when 3 then s_score else 0 end) as 英语, ifnull(round(avg(s_score), 2), 0) as 平均成绩 from student s left join score sc on s.s_id = sc.s_id group by s.s_id order by 平均成绩 desc;
【评价】:
18、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分,以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率(及格:>=60,中等:70-80,优良:80-90,优秀:>=90)
【结果】:
+--------+----------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+ | 课程ID | 课程name | 最高分 | 最低分 | 平均分 | 及格率 | 中等率 | 优良率 | 优秀率 | +--------+----------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+ | 1 | 语文 | 80 | 31 | 64.50 | 66.67% | 66.67% | 33.33% | 0.00% | | 2 | 数学 | 90 | 30 | 72.67 | 83.33% | 16.67% | 66.67% | 16.67% | | 3 | 英语 | 99 | 34 | 69.33 | 66.67% | 16.67% | 16.67% | 33.33% | +--------+----------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id as 课程ID,c.c_name as 课程name, max(s_score) as 最高分, min(s_score) as 最低分, round(avg(s_score), 2) as 平均分, concat(round(sum(case when s_score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 及格率, concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 70 and 80 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 中等率, concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 80 and 90 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 优良率, concat(round(sum(case when s_score >= 90 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 优秀率 from course c inner join score s on c.c_id = s.c_id group by c.c_id;
【评价】:
19、按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名
【结果】:
+------+------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | rank | c_id | c_name | s_id | s_name | s_score | +------+------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | 1 | 1 | 语文 | 1 | 赵雷 | 80 | | 2 | 1 | 语文 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | | 3 | 1 | 语文 | 5 | 周梅 | 76 | | 4 | 1 | 语文 | 2 | 钱电 | 70 | | 5 | 1 | 语文 | 4 | 李云 | 50 | | 6 | 1 | 语文 | 6 | 吴兰 | 31 | | 1 | 2 | 数学 | 1 | 赵雷 | 90 | | 2 | 2 | 数学 | 7 | 郑竹 | 89 | | 3 | 2 | 数学 | 5 | 周梅 | 87 | | 4 | 2 | 数学 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | | 5 | 2 | 数学 | 2 | 钱电 | 60 | | 6 | 2 | 数学 | 4 | 李云 | 30 | | 1 | 3 | 英语 | 1 | 赵雷 | 99 | | 2 | 3 | 英语 | 7 | 郑竹 | 98 | | 3 | 3 | 英语 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | | 4 | 3 | 英语 | 2 | 钱电 | 65 | | 5 | 3 | 英语 | 4 | 李云 | 40 | | 6 | 3 | 英语 | 6 | 吴兰 | 34 | +------+------+--------+------+--------+---------+
【答案】:
select (@i := case when @pre_group_id = c_id then @i + 1 else 1 end) as rank, (@pre_group_id := c_id) as c_id, c_name,s_id,s_name,s_score from (select @i := 0, @pre_group_id := 1) var cross join ( select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.s_id,s.s_name,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id group by c.c_id,s.s_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc ) t1;
【评价】:
20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名
【结果】:
+------+------+--------+-----------+ | rank | s_id | s_name | sum_score | +------+------+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 1 | 赵雷 | 269 | | 2 | 3 | 孙风 | 240 | | 3 | 2 | 钱电 | 195 | | 4 | 7 | 郑竹 | 187 | | 5 | 5 | 周梅 | 163 | | 6 | 4 | 李云 | 120 | | 7 | 6 | 吴兰 | 65 | +------+------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select (@i := @i + 1) as rank,t2.* from (select @i := 0) var cross join ( select s.s_id,s.s_name,sum_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,sum(s_score) as sum_score from score group by s_id ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id order by sum_score desc ) t2;
【评价】:
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
【结果】:
+------+--------+------+--------+-----------+ | t_id | t_name | c_id | c_name | avg_score | +------+--------+------+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 张三 | 2 | 数学 | 72.67 | | 2 | 李四 | 1 | 语文 | 64.50 | | 3 | 王五 | 3 | 英语 | 69.33 | +------+--------+------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select t.t_id,t.t_name,c.c_id,c.c_name,round(avg(s_score), 2) as avg_score from score sc inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id inner join teacher t on t.t_id = c.t_id group by t.t_id,c.c_id order by t.t_id,avg_score desc;
【评价】:
22、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩
【结果】:
+------+------+--------+------+--------+------------+-------+---------+ | rank | c_id | c_name | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | s_score | +------+------+--------+------+--------+------------+-------+---------+ | 2 | 1 | 语文 | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | 80 | | 3 | 1 | 语文 | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | 76 | | 2 | 2 | 数学 | 7 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 | 89 | | 3 | 2 | 数学 | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | 87 | | 2 | 3 | 英语 | 7 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 | 98 | | 3 | 3 | 英语 | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | 80 | +------+------+--------+------+--------+------------+-------+---------+
【答案】:
select * from ( select (@i := case when @pre_group_id = c_id then @i + 1 else 1 end) as rank, (@pre_group_id := c_id) as c_id, c_name,s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex,s_score from (select @i := 0, @pre_group_id := 1) var cross join ( select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.*,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id group by c.c_id,s.s_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc ) t1 ) t2 where rank in (2,3);
【评价】:
23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比
【结果】:
+----------+----------+----------+--------+---------+--------+---------+--------+--------+--------+ | 课程编号 | 课程名称 | [100-85] | 百分比 | [85-70] | 百分比 | [70-60] | 百分比 | [0-60] | 百分比 | +----------+----------+----------+--------+---------+--------+---------+--------+--------+--------+ | 1 | 语文 | 0 | 0.00% | 4 | 66.67% | 1 | 16.67% | 2 | 33.33% | | 2 | 数学 | 3 | 50.00% | 1 | 16.67% | 1 | 16.67% | 2 | 33.33% | | 3 | 英语 | 2 | 33.33% | 1 | 16.67% | 1 | 16.67% | 2 | 33.33% | +----------+----------+----------+--------+---------+--------+---------+--------+--------+--------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id as 课程编号,c.c_name as 课程名称, sum(case when s_score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) as '[100-85]', concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 百分比, sum(case when s_score between 70 and 85 then 1 else 0 end) as '[85-70]', concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 70 and 85 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 百分比, sum(case when s_score between 60 and 70 then 1 else 0 end) as '[70-60]', concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 60 and 70 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 百分比, sum(case when s_score between 0 and 60 then 1 else 0 end) as '[0-60]', concat(round(sum(case when s_score between 0 and 60 then 1 else 0 end) / count(*) * 100, 2), '%') as 百分比 from course c inner join score sc on c.c_id = sc.c_id group by c.c_id;
【评价】:
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
【结果】:
+------+------+--------+-----------+ | rank | s_id | s_name | avg_score | +------+------+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 7 | 郑竹 | 93.50 | | 2 | 1 | 赵雷 | 89.67 | | 3 | 5 | 周梅 | 81.50 | | 4 | 3 | 孙风 | 80.00 | | 5 | 2 | 钱电 | 65.00 | | 6 | 4 | 李云 | 40.00 | | 7 | 6 | 吴兰 | 32.50 | +------+------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select (@i := @i + 1) as rank,t2.* from (select @i := 0) var cross join ( select s.s_id,s.s_name,avg_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,round(avg(s_score), 2) as avg_score from score group by s_id ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id order by avg_score desc ) t2;
【评价】:
25、查询各科成绩前三名的学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | c_id | c_name | s_id | s_name | s_score | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | 1 | 语文 | 1 | 赵雷 | 80 | | 1 | 语文 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | | 1 | 语文 | 5 | 周梅 | 76 | | 2 | 数学 | 1 | 赵雷 | 90 | | 2 | 数学 | 7 | 郑竹 | 89 | | 2 | 数学 | 5 | 周梅 | 87 | | 3 | 英语 | 1 | 赵雷 | 99 | | 3 | 英语 | 7 | 郑竹 | 98 | | 3 | 英语 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+
【答案】:
A.内外关联
select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.s_id,s.s_name,s_score from ( select * from score sc where ( select count(*) from score sc1 where sc.c_id = sc1.c_id and sc.s_score < sc1.s_score ) < 3 ) t1 inner join student s on t1.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on t1.c_id = c.c_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc;
B.序号筛选
select * from ( select (@i := case when @pre_group_id = c_id then @i + 1 else 1 end) as rank, (@pre_group_id := c_id) as c_id, c_name,s_id,s_name,s_score from (select @i := 0, @pre_group_id := 1) var cross join ( select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.s_id,s.s_name,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id group by c.c_id,s.s_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc ) t1 ) t2 where rank <= 3;
【评价】:
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
【结果】:
+------+--------+-------------+ | c_id | c_name | cnt_student | +------+--------+-------------+ | 1 | 语文 | 6 | | 2 | 数学 | 6 | | 3 | 英语 | 6 | +------+--------+-------------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id,c.c_name,cnt_student from course c inner join ( select c_id,count(*) as cnt_student from score group by c_id ) t1 on c.c_id = t1.c_id;
【评价】:
- 普通难度吧,基本都是这;
27、查询只学两门课程的学生的学号和姓名
【结果】:
+------+--------+ | s_id | s_name | +------+--------+ | 5 | 周梅 | | 6 | 吴兰 | | 7 | 郑竹 | +------+--------+
【答案】:
select s_id,s_name from student where s_id in ( select s_id from score group by s_id having count(*) = 2 );
【评价】:
- 主要考察聚合条件和分组查询;
28、查询男女同学的人数
【结果】:
+-------+---------+ | s_sex | cnt_sex | +-------+---------+ | 女 | 4 | | 男 | 4 | +-------+---------+
【答案】:
select s_sex,count(*) as cnt_sex from student group by s_sex;
【评价】:
- 比较基础的查询;
29、查询名字中含有"风"字的学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where s_name like '%风%';
【评价】:
- 比较简单,考察"模糊查询";
30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
【结果】:
+-----------+ | Empty set | +-----------+
【答案】:
select *,count(*) as cnt_student from student group by s_name,s_sex having cnt_student > 1;
【评价】:
31、查询1990年出生的学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | | 8 | 王菊 | 1990-01-20 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where year(s_birth) = '1990';
【评价】:
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列
【结果】:
+------+--------+-----------+ | c_id | c_name | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 2 | 数学 | 72.67 | | 3 | 英语 | 69.33 | | 1 | 语文 | 64.50 | +------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id,c.c_name,avg_score from course c inner join ( select c_id,round(avg(s_score), 2) as avg_score from score group by c_id ) t1 on c.c_id = t1.c_id order by avg_score desc,c.c_id;
【评价】:
33、查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
【结果】:
+------+--------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | avg_score | +------+--------+-----------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 89.67 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 93.50 | +------+--------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,avg_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,round(avg(s_score), 2) as avg_score from score group by s_id having avg_score >= 85 ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id;
【评价】:
34、查询课程名称为"数学",且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
【结果】:
+--------+---------+ | s_name | s_score | +--------+---------+ | 李云 | 30 | +--------+---------+
【答案】:
select s_name,s_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,s_score from score sc inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id where c_name = '数学' and s_score < 60 ) t1 on s.s_id = t1.s_id;
【评价】:
35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况
【结果】:
+------+--------+------+------+------+ | s_id | s_name | 语文 | 数学 | 英语 | +------+--------+------+------+------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 80 | 90 | 99 | | 2 | 钱电 | 70 | 60 | 65 | | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | 80 | 80 | | 4 | 李云 | 50 | 30 | 40 | | 5 | 周梅 | 76 | 87 | 0 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 31 | 0 | 34 | | 7 | 郑竹 | 0 | 89 | 98 | | 8 | 王菊 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +------+--------+------+------+------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name, sum(case c_id when 1 then s_score else 0 end) as 语文, sum(case c_id when 2 then s_score else 0 end) as 数学, sum(case c_id when 3 then s_score else 0 end) as 英语 from student s left join score sc on s.s_id = sc.s_id group by s.s_id;
【评价】:
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的学生姓名、课程名称和分数
【结果】:
+--------+--------+---------+ | s_name | c_name | s_score | +--------+--------+---------+ | 赵雷 | 语文 | 80 | | 孙风 | 语文 | 80 | | 周梅 | 语文 | 76 | | 郑竹 | 数学 | 89 | +--------+--------+---------+
【答案】:
select s_name,c_name,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id where s_score > 70 group by s.s_id;
【评价】:
37、查询课程不及格的学生
【结果】:
+------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | s_id | s_name | c_id | c_name | s_score | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | 4 | 李云 | 1 | 语文 | 50 | | 4 | 李云 | 2 | 数学 | 30 | | 4 | 李云 | 3 | 英语 | 40 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 1 | 语文 | 31 | | 6 | 吴兰 | 3 | 英语 | 34 | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name,c.c_id,c.c_name,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id where s_score < 60;
【评价】:
38、查询课程编号为"1"且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名
【结果】:
+------+--------+ | s_id | s_name | +------+--------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | | 3 | 孙风 | +------+--------+
【答案】:
select s.s_id,s.s_name from student s where s_id in ( select s_id from score where c_id = 1 and s_score >= 80 );
【评价】:
39、查询每门课程的学生人数
【结果】:
+------+--------+-------------+ | c_id | c_name | cnt_student | +------+--------+-------------+ | 1 | 语文 | 6 | | 2 | 数学 | 6 | | 3 | 英语 | 6 | +------+--------+-------------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id,c.c_name,cnt_student from course c inner join ( select c_id,count(*) as cnt_student from score group by c_id ) t1 on c.c_id = t1.c_id;
【评价】:
40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最好的学生信息及其成绩
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+-----------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | max_score | +------+--------+------------+-------+-----------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | 90 | +------+--------+------------+-------+-----------+
【答案】:
select s.*,s_score as max_score from student s inner join ( select s_id,s_score from score sc inner join ( select c_id from course c inner join teacher t on c.t_id = t.t_id where t_name = '张三' ) t1 on sc.c_id = t1.c_id order by s_score desc limit 1 ) t2 on s.s_id = t2.s_id;
【评价】:
41、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
【结果】:
+------+------+---------+ | s_id | c_id | s_score | +------+------+---------+ | 1 | 1 | 80 | | 3 | 1 | 80 | | 3 | 2 | 80 | | 3 | 3 | 80 | +------+------+---------+
【答案】:
select * from score where s_score in ( select s_score from score group by s_score having count(*) > 1 );
【评价】:
42、查询每门课程成绩最好的三个学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | c_id | c_name | s_id | s_name | s_score | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+ | 1 | 语文 | 1 | 赵雷 | 80 | | 1 | 语文 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | | 1 | 语文 | 5 | 周梅 | 76 | | 2 | 数学 | 1 | 赵雷 | 90 | | 2 | 数学 | 7 | 郑竹 | 89 | | 2 | 数学 | 5 | 周梅 | 87 | | 3 | 英语 | 1 | 赵雷 | 99 | | 3 | 英语 | 7 | 郑竹 | 98 | | 3 | 英语 | 3 | 孙风 | 80 | +------+--------+------+--------+---------+
【答案】:
A.内外关联
select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.s_id,s.s_name,s_score from ( select * from score sc where ( select count(*) from score sc1 where sc.c_id = sc1.c_id and sc.s_score < sc1.s_score ) < 3 ) t1 inner join student s on t1.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on t1.c_id = c.c_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc;
B.序号筛选
select * from ( select (@i := case when @pre_group_id = c_id then @i + 1 else 1 end) as rank, (@pre_group_id := c_id) as c_id, c_name,s_id,s_name,s_score from (select @i := 0, @pre_group_id := 1) var cross join ( select c.c_id,c.c_name,s.s_id,s.s_name,s_score from score sc inner join student s on sc.s_id = s.s_id inner join course c on sc.c_id = c.c_id group by c.c_id,s.s_id order by c.c_id,s_score desc ) t1 ) t2 where rank <= 3;
【评价】:
43、统计每门课程的选修人数(超过5人的才统计),要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
【结果】:
+------+-------------+ | c_id | cnt_student | +------+-------------+ | 1 | 6 | | 2 | 6 | | 3 | 6 | +------+-------------+
【答案】:
select c.c_id,cnt_student from course c inner join ( select c_id,count(*) as cnt_student from score group by c_id having cnt_student > 5 ) t1 on c.c_id = t1.c_id order by cnt_student desc,c.c_id;
【参考】:
SELECT c_id,COUNT(*) num FROM score GROUP BY c_id HAVING num > 5 ORDER BY num DESC,c_id
【评价】:
- 第一时间的做法还是有些个人化;
44、查询至少选修了两门课程的学生的学号
【结果】:
+------+ | s_id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | +------+
【答案】:
select s_id from score group by s_id having count(*) >= 2;
【评价】:
- 主要需要理解的是
GROUP BY
+HAVING
组合的相关知识;
45、查询学习了全部课程的学生信息
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 1 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 3 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 | | 4 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where s_id in ( select s_id from score group by s_id having count(*) = ( select count(*) from course ) );
【评价】:
- 主要需要理解的是
GROUP BY
+HAVING
组合的相关知识;
46、查询各学生的年龄(周岁) 按照出生日期来算,当前月日小于出生年月的月日则年龄减一
【答案】:
select s_id,s_name,s_birth, if ( month(current_date()) < month(s_birth) or (month(current_date()) = month(s_birth) and day(current_date()) < day(s_birth)), year(current_date()) - year(s_birth) -1, year(current_date()) - year(s_birth) ) as s_age from student;
【评价】:
47、查询本周过生日的学生
【答案】:
select * from student where datediff(concat(year(current_date()), date_format(s_birth, '-%m-%d')), current_date()) between 0 and 7 or datediff(concat(year(current_date()) + 1, date_format(s_birth, '-%m-%d')), current_date()) between 0 and 7;
【评价】:
日期
类型的一些用法;
48、查询下周过生日的学生
【答案】:
select * from student where datediff(concat(year(current_date()), date_format(s_birth, '-%m-%d')), current_date()) between 7 and 14 or datediff(concat(year(current_date()) + 1, date_format(s_birth, '-%m-%d')), current_date()) between 7 and 14;
【评价】:
日期
类型的一些用法;
49、查询本月过生日的学生
【答案】:
select * from student where month(s_birth) = month(current_date());
【评价】:
日期
类型的一些用法;
50、查询12月份过生日的学生
【结果】:
+------+--------+------------+-------+ | s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | +------+--------+------------+-------+ | 2 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | | 5 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | +------+--------+------------+-------+
【答案】:
select * from student where month(s_birth) = 12;
【评价】:
日期
类型的一些用法;