多线程经典问题 -- 生产问题

//1生产者 1消费者 1缓冲区
//使用二个事件，一个表示缓冲区空，一个表示缓冲区满。
//再使用一个关键段来控制缓冲区的访问
#include <stdio.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <windows.h>
//设置控制台输出颜色
BOOL SetConsoleColor(WORD wAttributes)
{
	HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	if (hConsole == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
		return FALSE;
	return SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, wAttributes);
}
const int END_PRODUCE_NUMBER = 10;   //生产产品个数
int g_Buffer;                        //缓冲区
									 //事件与关键段
CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;
HANDLE g_hEventBufferEmpty, g_hEventBufferFull;
//生产者线程函数
unsigned int _stdcall ProducerThreadFun(PVOID pM)
{
	for (int i = 1; i <= END_PRODUCE_NUMBER; i++)
	{
		//等待缓冲区为空
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hEventBufferEmpty, INFINITE);

		//互斥的访问缓冲区
		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		g_Buffer = i;
		printf("生产者将数据%d放入缓冲区\n", i);
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		//通知缓冲区有新数据了
		SetEvent(g_hEventBufferFull);
	}
	return 0;
}
//消费者线程函数
unsigned int __stdcall ConsumerThreadFun(PVOID pM)
{
	volatile bool flag = true;
	while (flag)
	{
		//等待缓冲区中有数据
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hEventBufferFull, INFINITE);

		//互斥的访问缓冲区
		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_GREEN);
		printf("  消费者从缓冲区中取数据%d\n", g_Buffer);
		SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
		if (g_Buffer == END_PRODUCE_NUMBER)
			flag = false;
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		//通知缓冲区已为空
		SetEvent(g_hEventBufferEmpty);

		Sleep(10); //some other work should to do
	}
	return 0;
}
int main()
{
	printf("  生产者消费者问题   1生产者 1消费者 1缓冲区\n");
	printf(" -- by MoreWindows( http://blog.csdn.net/MoreWindows ) --\n\n");

	InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	//创建二个自动复位事件，一个表示缓冲区是否为空，另一个表示缓冲区是否已经处理
	g_hEventBufferEmpty = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL);
	g_hEventBufferFull = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);

	const int THREADNUM = 2;
	HANDLE hThread[THREADNUM];

	hThread[0] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ProducerThreadFun, NULL, 0, NULL);
	hThread[1] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ConsumerThreadFun, NULL, 0, NULL);
	WaitForMultipleObjects(THREADNUM, hThread, TRUE, INFINITE);
	CloseHandle(hThread[0]);
	CloseHandle(hThread[1]);

	//销毁事件和关键段
	CloseHandle(g_hEventBufferEmpty);
	CloseHandle(g_hEventBufferFull);
	DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

上面主要采用的是事件机制，CreateEvent，如果有多个缓冲区，就需要采用信号量Semaphore

//1生产者 2消费者 4缓冲区
#include <stdio.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <windows.h>
//设置控制台输出颜色
BOOL SetConsoleColor(WORD wAttributes)
{
	HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	if (hConsole == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
		return FALSE;
	
	return SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, wAttributes);
}
const int END_PRODUCE_NUMBER = 8;  //生产产品个数
const int BUFFER_SIZE = 4;          //缓冲区个数
int g_Buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];          //缓冲池
int g_i, g_j;
//信号量与关键段
CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;
HANDLE g_hSemaphoreBufferEmpty, g_hSemaphoreBufferFull;
//生产者线程函数
unsigned int __stdcall ProducerThreadFun(PVOID pM)
{
	for (int i = 1; i <= END_PRODUCE_NUMBER; i++)
	{
		//等待有空的缓冲区出现
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hSemaphoreBufferEmpty, INFINITE);

		//互斥的访问缓冲区
		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		g_Buffer[g_i] = i;
		printf("生产者在缓冲池第%d个缓冲区中投放数据%d\n", g_i, g_Buffer[g_i]);
		g_i = (g_i + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		//通知消费者有新数据了
		ReleaseSemaphore(g_hSemaphoreBufferFull, 1, NULL);
	}
	printf("生产者完成任务，线程结束运行\n");
	return 0;
}
//消费者线程函数
unsigned int __stdcall ConsumerThreadFun(PVOID pM)
{
	while (true)
	{
		//等待非空的缓冲区出现
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hSemaphoreBufferFull, INFINITE);
		
		//互斥的访问缓冲区
		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_GREEN);
		printf("  编号为%d的消费者从缓冲池中第%d个缓冲区取出数据%d\n", GetCurrentThreadId(), g_j, g_Buffer[g_j]);
		SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
		if (g_Buffer[g_j] == END_PRODUCE_NUMBER)//结束标志
		{
			LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
			//通知其它消费者有新数据了(结束标志)
			ReleaseSemaphore(g_hSemaphoreBufferFull, 1, NULL);
			break;
		}
		g_j = (g_j + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		Sleep(50); //some other work to do
		ReleaseSemaphore(g_hSemaphoreBufferEmpty, 1, NULL);
	}
	SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_GREEN);
	printf("  编号为%d的消费者收到通知，线程结束运行\n", GetCurrentThreadId());
	SetConsoleColor(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
	return 0;
}
int main()
{
	printf("  生产者消费者问题   1生产者 2消费者 4缓冲区\n");
	printf(" -- by MoreWindows( http://blog.csdn.net/MoreWindows ) --\n\n");

	InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	//初始化信号量,一个记录有产品的缓冲区个数,另一个记录空缓冲区个数.
	g_hSemaphoreBufferEmpty = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 4, 4, NULL);
	g_hSemaphoreBufferFull  = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, 4, NULL);
	g_i = 0;
	g_j = 0;
	memset(g_Buffer, 0, sizeof(g_Buffer));

	const int THREADNUM = 3;
	HANDLE hThread[THREADNUM];
	//生产者线程
	hThread[0] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ProducerThreadFun, NULL, 0, NULL);
	//消费者线程
	hThread[1] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ConsumerThreadFun, NULL, 0, NULL);
	hThread[2] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ConsumerThreadFun, NULL, 0, NULL);
	WaitForMultipleObjects(THREADNUM, hThread, TRUE, INFINITE);
	for (int i = 0; i < THREADNUM; i++)
		CloseHandle(hThread[i]);

	//销毁信号量和关键段
	CloseHandle(g_hSemaphoreBufferEmpty);
	CloseHandle(g_hSemaphoreBufferFull);
	DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}