解析NetRiver滑动窗口协议实验

天杀的NetRiver...发泄完毕...

 

开始正题。以下代码在NetRiver1.21系统下通过。首先，这个滑动窗口实验应该主要参考Computer Networks 4th Edition中的 3.4 滑动窗口协议，结构定义与流程书上完全相同。然后，不要相信guide.pdf...另外，在提供一个FAQ，很有用。

 

再说一点，在NetRiver中调试是相当费时的工作。编译一次需要两分钟以上...不懂原因...所以，尽量将重要信息log出来，写到一个文件中，给自己提供更多调试的信息。

 

下面简要解释源码。

 

程序中，我为每个协议申请了一个与窗口等大小的帧缓冲区frameBuffer。帧缓冲区内存储可能需要重发的帧，并在窗口变化时更新缓冲区的内容。我还维护了两个变量upper, lower，用于指示窗口的上下界。对于等待发送队列，我为其维护一个链表队列，并动态申请缓存空间。帧队列的数据结构定义为WaitingList，具体结构见源代码。

停等协议与回退N协议本质完全一样。两个函数我使用了几乎一样的源码，只改动了窗口大小宏。两个函数分别处理了三种不同的帧事件：发送帧、接收帧和帧超时。当网络层有新帧需要发送时，先检查窗口大小。若窗口未开满，则直接发送帧。若窗口已开满，则将帧入队等待。当接收到新帧时，检查帧的确认号，并更新窗口下界，处理等待队列。当帧超时事件发生时，重传超时帧之后的所有帧。

选择重传协议的发送端大体结构与回退N协议基本一致，只有几个微小差别。第一，当帧超时事件发生时，选择重传协议只重传超时的一帧。第二，选择重传协议接收到确认帧中会出现特殊的“否定确认NAK”。当接收到这样的NAK时，发送端需要重发否定确认的这一帧。

 

#include "sysinclude.h" #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; extern void SendFRAMEPacket(unsigned char* pData, unsigned int len); #define WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT 1 #define WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME 4 typedef enum {DATA,ACK,NAK} frame_kind; typedef struct frame_head { frame_kind kind; //帧类型 unsigned int seq; //序列号 unsigned int ack; //确认号 unsigned char data[100]; //数据 }; typedef struct frame { frame_head head; //帧头 unsigned int size; //数据的大小 }; typedef struct WaitingList{ char *frame; int size; WaitingList *next; } WaitingList; /* * 停等协议测试函数 */ int stud_slide_window_stop_and_wait(char *pBuffer, int bufferSize, UINT8 messageType) { // 静态变量表 static char *frameBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT]; static int frameLenBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT]; static int upper = 1, lower = 1; static int waitingNum = 0; static WaitingList *list = NULL; static ofstream out("stopWait.txt"); // 临时变量表 frame_head *head; head = (frame_head *) pBuffer; int seq = ntohl(head->seq); int ack = ntohl(head->ack); frame_kind kind = (frame_kind)(ntohl((u_long)head->kind)); WaitingList *pList; if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_SEND ){ //log package out << "发送/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<" size="<<bufferSize<<endl; //超过窗口大小，存入发送队列 int i; if( upper - lower >= WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT ){ if(waitingNum==0){ list = new WaitingList; list->next = NULL; list->size = bufferSize; list->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(list->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } else{ pList = list; for(i=0;i<waitingNum-1;i++) pList = pList->next; pList->next = new WaitingList; pList->next->next = NULL; pList->next->size = bufferSize; pList->next->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(pList->next->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } waitingNum++; out<<"入队等待"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } //缓存 frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT] = bufferSize; frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT] = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT],pBuffer,bufferSize*sizeof(char)); upper++; //发送 SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)pBuffer, bufferSize); out<<"直接发送"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } // 接收到一个数据帧 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_RECEIVE ){ //log package out << "接收/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<endl; // 帧序号不在窗口内，丢弃 if( ack<lower || ack >=upper ) return 1; // 否定确认帧，回退重发 if( kind == NAK ){ //log package out << "重发ack"<<endl; out.flush(); while(ack<upper){ SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT],frameLenBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT]); } return 0; } // 确认帧，删除缓存，处理队列 while( ack>=lower && ack<upper ){ out << "确认" << ack <<"包"<<endl; //delete frameBuffer[lower%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT]; lower++; //处理队列 if( waitingNum>0 ){ //缓存 frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT] = new char[list->size]; frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT] = list->size; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT],list->frame,list->size); upper++; //发送 frame_head *h; h = (frame_head *) list->frame; int seqt = ntohl(h->seq); int ackt = ntohl(h->ack); frame_kind kindt = head->kind; out << "发送队列" << "kind=" << kindt <<" seq="<<seqt<<" ack="<<ackt<<" size="<<list->size<<endl; out.flush(); SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)list->frame,list->size); //队列减一 pList = list; list = list->next; //delete pList; waitingNum--; } } return 0; } // 若超时 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_TIMEOUT ){ // 重发全部帧 seq = (unsigned int)(head->kind); out << "超时/n" <<" seq="<<seq<<endl; out << "全部重发"<<endl; out.flush(); while(seq<upper){ SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT],frameLenBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_STOP_WAIT]); seq++; } return 0; } } /* * 回退n帧测试函数 */ int stud_slide_window_back_n_frame(char *pBuffer, int bufferSize, UINT8 messageType) { // 静态变量表 static char *frameBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; static int frameLenBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; static int upper = 1, lower = 1; static int waitingNum = 0; static WaitingList *list = NULL; static ofstream out("goBackN.txt"); // 临时变量表 frame_head *head; head = (frame_head *) pBuffer; int seq = ntohl(head->seq); int ack = ntohl(head->ack); frame_kind kind = (frame_kind)(ntohl((u_long)head->kind)); WaitingList *pList; if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_SEND ){ //log package out << "发送/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<" size="<<bufferSize<<endl; //超过窗口大小，存入发送队列 int i; if( upper - lower >= WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME ){ if(waitingNum==0){ list = new WaitingList; list->next = NULL; list->size = bufferSize; list->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(list->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } else{ pList = list; for(i=0;i<waitingNum-1;i++) pList = pList->next; pList->next = new WaitingList; pList->next->next = NULL; pList->next->size = bufferSize; pList->next->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(pList->next->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } waitingNum++; out<<"入队等待"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } //缓存 frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = bufferSize; frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],pBuffer,bufferSize*sizeof(char)); upper++; //发送 SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)pBuffer, bufferSize); out<<"直接发送"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } // 接收到一个数据帧 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_RECEIVE ){ //log package out << "接收/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<endl; // 帧序号不在窗口内，丢弃 if( ack<lower || ack >=upper ) return 1; // 否定确认帧，回退重发 if( kind == NAK ){ //log package out << "重发ack"<<endl; out.flush(); while(ack<upper){ SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],frameLenBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]); } return 0; } // 确认帧，删除缓存，处理队列 while( ack>=lower && ack<upper ){ out << "确认" << ack <<"包"<<endl; //delete frameBuffer[lower%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; lower++; //处理队列 if( waitingNum>0 ){ //缓存 frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = new char[list->size]; frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = list->size; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],list->frame,list->size); upper++; //发送 frame_head *h; h = (frame_head *) list->frame; int seqt = ntohl(h->seq); int ackt = ntohl(h->ack); frame_kind kindt = head->kind; out << "发送队列" << "kind=" << kindt <<" seq="<<seqt<<" ack="<<ackt<<" size="<<list->size<<endl; out.flush(); SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)list->frame,list->size); //队列减一 pList = list; list = list->next; //delete pList; waitingNum--; } } return 0; } // 若超时 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_TIMEOUT ){ // 重发全部帧 seq = (unsigned int)(head->kind); out << "超时/n" <<" seq="<<seq<<endl; out << "全部重发"<<endl; out.flush(); while(seq<upper){ SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],frameLenBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]); seq++; } return 0; } } /* * 选择性重传测试函数 */ int stud_slide_window_choice_frame_resend(char *pBuffer, int bufferSize, UINT8 messageType) { // 静态变量表 static char *frameBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; static int frameLenBuffer[WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; static int upper = 1, lower = 1; static int waitingNum = 0; static WaitingList *list = NULL; static ofstream out("select.txt"); // 临时变量表 frame_head *head; head = (frame_head *) pBuffer; int seq = ntohl(head->seq); int ack = ntohl(head->ack); frame_kind kind = (frame_kind)(ntohl((u_long)head->kind)); WaitingList *pList; if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_SEND ){ //log package out << "发送/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<" size="<<bufferSize<<endl; //超过窗口大小，存入发送队列 int i; if( upper - lower >= WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME ){ if(waitingNum==0){ list = new WaitingList; list->next = NULL; list->size = bufferSize; list->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(list->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } else{ pList = list; for(i=0;i<waitingNum-1;i++) pList = pList->next; pList->next = new WaitingList; pList->next->next = NULL; pList->next->size = bufferSize; pList->next->frame = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(pList->next->frame,pBuffer,bufferSize); } waitingNum++; out<<"入队等待"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } //缓存 frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = bufferSize; frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = new char[bufferSize]; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],pBuffer,bufferSize*sizeof(char)); upper++; //发送 SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)pBuffer, bufferSize); out<<"直接发送"<<endl; out.flush(); return 0; } // 接收到一个数据帧 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_RECEIVE ){ //log package out << "接收/n" << "kind=" << kind <<" seq="<<seq<<" ack="<<ack<<endl; // 帧序号不在窗口内，丢弃 if( ack<lower || ack >=upper ) return 1; // 否定确认帧，回退重发 if( kind == NAK ){ //log package out << "重发一帧"<<endl; out.flush(); SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],frameLenBuffer[ack%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]); return 0; } // 确认帧，删除缓存，处理队列 while( ack>=lower && ack<upper ){ out << "确认" << ack <<"包"<<endl; //delete frameBuffer[lower%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]; lower++; //处理队列 if( waitingNum>0 ){ //缓存 frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = new char[list->size]; frameLenBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME] = list->size; memcpy(frameBuffer[upper%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],list->frame,list->size); upper++; //发送 frame_head *h; h = (frame_head *) list->frame; int seqt = ntohl(h->seq); int ackt = ntohl(h->ack); frame_kind kindt = head->kind; out << "发送队列" << "kind=" << kindt <<" seq="<<seqt<<" ack="<<ackt<<" size="<<list->size<<endl; out.flush(); SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)list->frame,list->size); //队列减一 pList = list; list = list->next; //delete pList; waitingNum--; } } return 0; } // 若超时 else if( messageType == MSG_TYPE_TIMEOUT ){ // 重发超时帧 seq = (unsigned int)(head->kind); out << "超时/n" <<"seq="<<seq<<endl; out << "重发超时帧"<<endl; out.flush(); SendFRAMEPacket((unsigned char*)frameBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME],frameLenBuffer[seq%WINDOW_SIZE_BACK_N_FRAME]); return 0; } }