NSUserDefaults适合存储轻量级的本地数据,比如要保存一个登陆界面的数据,用户名、密码之类的,个人觉得使用NSUserDefaults是首选。下次再登陆的时候就可以直接从NSUserDefaults里面读取上次登陆的信息咯。
因为如果使用自己建立的plist文件什么的,还得自己显示创建文件,读取文件,很麻烦,而是用NSUserDefaults则不用管这些东西,就像读字符串一样,直接读取就可以了。
NSUserDefaults支持的数据格式有:NSNumber(Integer、Float、Double),NSString,NSDate,NSArray,NSDictionary,BOOL类型。很实用吧
NSUserDefaults很方便,读取也很容易。下面给出一个示例看看如何使用:(PS:更详细的也可以参考官方文档哈)
ViewController.h文件中主要是放几个控件,用于显示存储的数据:
- #import
-
- @interface
ViewController : UIViewController - {
-
-
IBOutlet UILabel *txtInteger; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtFloat; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtDouble; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSString; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSDate; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSArray; -
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSDictionary; - }
-
- @end
saveNSUserDefaults:用于将各种类型数据保存到NSUserDefaults中
readNSUserDefautls:用于从NSUserDefaults中读取各种类型的数据。在viewDidLoad中调用这两个方法就可以看出结果咯
- #import
"ViewController.h" -
- @interface
ViewController () -
- @end
-
- @implementation
ViewController -
- -
(void)viewDidLoad - {
-
[super viewDidLoad]; -
-
[self saveNSUserDefaults]; //调用此方法将各种数据存储到NSUserDefautls中,在下面定义 -
[self readNSUserDefaults]; //调用此方法从NSUserDefautls中读取各种数据,在下面定义 - }
-
- -
(void)viewDidUnload - {
-
[txtNSString release]; -
txtNSString = nil; -
[txtNSDate release]; -
txtNSDate = nil; -
[txtNSArray release]; -
txtNSArray = nil; -
[txtNSDictionary release]; -
txtNSDictionary = nil; -
[txtInteger release]; -
txtInteger = nil; -
[txtFloat release]; -
txtFloat = nil; -
[txtDouble release]; -
txtDouble = nil; -
[super viewDidUnload]; -
// Release any retained subviews of the main view. - }
-
- -
(BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterf aceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation - {
-
return (interfaceOrientation != UIInterfaceOrientationPo rtraitUpsideDown); - }
-
- -
(void)dealloc { -
[txtNSString release]; -
[txtNSDate release]; -
[txtNSArray release]; -
[txtNSDictionary release]; -
[txtInteger release]; -
[txtFloat release]; -
[txtDouble release]; -
[super dealloc]; - }
-
- //保存数据到NSUserDefaults
- -(void)saveNSUserDefaults
- {
-
NSString *myString = @"enuola"; -
int myInteger = 100; -
float myFloat = 50.0f; -
double myDouble = 20.0; -
NSDate *myDate = [NSDate date]; -
NSArray *myArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"hello", @"world", nil]; -
NSDictionary *myDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"enuo", @"20", nil] forKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"name", @"age", nil]]; -
-
//将上述数据全部存储到NSUserDefaults中 -
NSUserDefaults *userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]; -
//存储时,除NSNumber类型使用对应的类型意外,其他的都是使用setObject:forKey: -
[userDefaults setInteger:myInteger forKey:@"myInteger"]; -
[userDefaults setFloat:myFloat forKey:@"myFloat"]; -
[userDefaults setDouble:myDouble forKey:@"myDouble"]; -
-
[userDefaults setObject:myString forKey:@"myString"]; -
[userDefaults setObject:myDate forKey:@"myDate"]; -
[userDefaults setObject:myArray forKey:@"myArray"]; -
[userDefaults setObject:myDictionary forKey:@"myDictionary"]; -
-
//这里建议同步存储到磁盘中,但是不是必须的 -
[userDefaults synchronize]; -
- }
-
- //从NSUserDefaults中读取数据
- -(void)readNSUserDefaults
- {
-
NSUserDefaults *userDefaultes = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]; -
-
//读取数据到各个label中 -
//读取整型int类型的数据 -
NSInteger myInteger = [userDefaultes integerForKey:@"myInteger"]; -
txtInteger.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",myInteger]; -
-
//读取浮点型float类型的数据 -
float myFloat = [userDefaultes floatForKey:@"myFloat"]; -
txtFloat.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f",myFloat]; -
-
//读取double类型的数据 -
double myDouble = [userDefaultes doubleForKey:@"myDouble"]; -
txtDouble.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f",myDouble]; -
-
//读取NSString类型的数据 -
NSString *myString = [userDefaultes stringForKey:@"myString"]; -
txtNSString.text = myString; -
-
//读取NSDate日期类型的数据 -
NSDate *myDate = [userDefaultes valueForKey:@"myDate"]; -
NSDateFormatter *df = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; -
[df setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"]; -
txtNSDate.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",[df stringFromDate:myDate]]; -
-
//读取数组NSArray类型的数据 -
NSArray *myArray = [userDefaultes arrayForKey:@"myArray"]; -
NSString *myArrayString = [[NSString alloc] init]; -
for(NSString *str in myArray) -
{ -
NSLog(@"str= %@",str); -
myArrayString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@", myArrayString, str]; -
[myArrayString stringByAppendingString:str]; - //
[myArrayString stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@",str]; -
NSLog(@"myArrayString=%@",myArrayString); -
} -
txtNSArray.text = myArrayString; -
-
//读取字典类型NSDictionary类型的数据 -
NSDictionary *myDictionary = [userDefaultes dictionaryForKey:@"myDictionary"]; -
NSString *myDicString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@, age:%d",[myDictionary valueForKey:@"name"], [[myDictionary valueForKey:@"age"] integerValue]]; -
txtNSDictionary.text = myDicString; - }
-
- @end
好了,运行一下,可以看到xib文件中的各种数据已经绑定上了吧?
再次运行的时候,可以把viewDidLoad中的
嘻嘻,很简单吧,就这样就可以是实现数据的存储了。
下面讲一下原理:
你可能会问一个问题:NSUserDefautls将数据存储在什么地方了???我都没有显示的指定路径???很疑惑吧。。。。
用NSUserDefaults存储的数据下次程序运行的时候依然存在,它把数据存储在什么地方了?如何能够清除?
/UsersLibrary/ApplicationSupport/iPhoneSimulator/4.1/Applicati*****/29788E40-AF47-45A0-8E92-3AC0F501B7F4/,(这个是应用程序对应在mac上的位置)
这个下面有/Library/Prefereces,里面有个plist文件,存储的就是你的userDefaults
想要删掉的话,用removeObjectForKey或者删掉沙盒,也就是你的应用程序然后重新安装。
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/enuola/article/details/7959767