1.基本概念如元注解如何使用请看这篇文章,姐姐觉得写的不错啊,拿这个学习的,然后自己测试了一把
2.自定义各种作用范围的注解
a.定义在包上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.PACKAGE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestPackage {
public String name() default "TestPackage";
}
b.定义在类上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestType {
public String name() default "TestType";
}
c.定义在构造器上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestContructor {
public String name() default "TestContructor";
}
d.定义在成员变量上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestField {
public String name() default "TestField";
}
e.定义在方法上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestMethod {
public String name() default "TestMethod";
}
f.定义在方法入参上的注解
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestParameter {
public String name() default "TestParameter";
}
g.定义在方法里面局部变量的注解,这个暂时没有找到取注解值的办法,如果知道的可以留言教一下姐姐,呵呵
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Target(ElementType.LOCAL_VARIABLE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface TestLocalVariable {
public String name() default "TestLocalVariable";
}
h.包注解不能写在类里面,必须写在一个文件里面package-info.java,这个带横杠无法生成,要用记事本生成,里面写入注解
@TestPackage(name="包注解")
package annotation;
3.测试
package annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
@TestType(name = "类")
public class Test {
private static final String constructors = null;
@TestField(name = "属性")
private String s;
@TestContructor(name = "构造器")
public Test(String s) {
this.s = s;
};
public Test() {
};
@TestMethod(name = "方法")
public void test(@TestParameter(name = "参数") String a) {
System.out.println(a);
@TestLocalVariable(name = "本地变量")
String s = "";
System.out.println(s);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 获取Test类对象
Class<Test> clazz = Test.class;
//可以通过I/O操作或配置项获得包名
Package pkg = Package.getPackage("annotation");
//获得指定包上的注解
System.out.println(Package.getPackage("annotation").getAnnotation(TestPackage.class).name());
//获得包上的注解
for(Annotation an:Package.getPackage("annotation").getAnnotations()){
if(an instanceof TestPackage){
System.out.println(((TestPackage) an).name());
}
}
// 获取类对象为testtype注解的值
System.out.println("获取TestType注解的值------"+clazz.getAnnotation(TestType.class).name());
// 获取类对象为@TestContructor某个成员变量注解的值
System.out.println("获取指定TestContructor注解的值------"+clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class).getAnnotation(TestContructor.class).name());
// 获取所有成员变量
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
Constructor[] constructorss = clazz.getDeclaredConstructors();
for (Constructor constructor : constructorss) {
if (constructor.isAnnotationPresent(TestContructor.class)) {
System.out.println("获取TestContructor注解的值------"+((TestContructor) constructor.getAnnotation(TestContructor.class)).name());
}
}
// 获取类对象为testfield某个成员变量注解的值
System.out.println("获取指定TestField注解的值------"+clazz.getDeclaredField("s").getAnnotation(TestField.class).name());
// 获取所有成员变量
Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
if (field.isAnnotationPresent(TestField.class)) {
System.out.println("获取TestField注解的值------"+field.getAnnotation(TestField.class).name());
}
}
// 获取类对象为TestMethod某个方法注解的值
Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("test", String.class);
System.out.println("获取指定TestMethod注解的值------"+method.getAnnotation(TestMethod.class).name());
// 获取所有方法的值
Method[] methods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
System.out.println(methods.length);
for (Method m : methods) {
if (m.isAnnotationPresent(TestMethod.class)) {
System.out.println("获取TestMethod注解的值------"+m.getAnnotation(TestMethod.class).name());
System.out.println(m.getParameterAnnotations().length);
for (Annotation[] parameterAnnotation : m.getParameterAnnotations()) {
for (Annotation annotation : parameterAnnotation) {
if (annotation instanceof TestParameter) {
TestParameter param = (TestParameter) annotation;
System.out.println("获取TestParameter注解的值------"+param.name());
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
4.结果如下
5.完事了~~~~~
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「wxs55555」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/wxs55555/article/details/77650473