写文件
需求:写入1亿行,7位以内的随机的数字。
首先看成果图,代表没骗大家!!!!!
这个是最终生成的文件,有770多MB 。下面用glogg打开预览:
程序打印耗时
7149ms + 923 ms = 8072ms ,也就是8秒,写入1个亿数据到文件!!!!(还可以参数调优)
思想
利用nio高效写文件,先写入20个小文件,最后合并,每个小文件开一个线程。
代码:
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException, InterruptedException, IOException {
int totals = 100000000;
int segment = 20 ;
// 写入5亿条数据
// 开启20个线程
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(segment);
AtomicInteger incr = new AtomicInteger(0);
CountDownLatch downLatch = new CountDownLatch(segment);
long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int j=0;j<segment;j++) {
service.execute(()->{
RandomAccessFile acf;
FileChannel fc = null ;
try {
String fName = "E:\\tmp_" + incr.getAndIncrement()+".txt";
acf = new RandomAccessFile(fName, "rw");
fc = acf.getChannel();
int offset = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < totals/segment/10000; i++) { //25000000
//每次写1w个 数字
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int k=0;k<10000;k++) {
sb.append(new Random().nextInt(10000000) + "\n");
}
byte[] bs = sb.toString().getBytes();
MappedByteBuffer mbuf = fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, offset, bs.length);
mbuf.put(bs);
offset = offset + bs.length;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
downLatch.countDown();
try {
fc.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
downLatch.await();
System.out.println("await 唤醒, 小文件写入完毕! 耗時:" + (System.currentTimeMillis()-s));
List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();
for(int i=0;i<segment;i++) {
files.add(new File("E:\\tmp_" + i+".txt"));
}
s = System.currentTimeMillis();
//合併文件
merge(files, "E:\\last.txt");
System.out.println("合併文件完毕! 耗時:" + (System.currentTimeMillis()-s));
service.shutdown();
}
public static void merge(List<File> files , String to) {
File t = new File(to);
FileInputStream in = null;
FileChannel inChannel = null;
FileOutputStream out = null ;
FileChannel outChannel = null ;
try {
out = new FileOutputStream(t, true);
outChannel = out.getChannel();
// 记录新文件最后一个数据的位置
long start = 0;
for (File file : files) {
in = new FileInputStream(file);
inChannel = in.getChannel();
// 从inChannel中读取file.length()长度的数据,写入outChannel的start处
outChannel.transferFrom(inChannel, start, file.length());
start += file.length();
in.close();
inChannel.close();
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
outChannel.close();
} catch (Exception e2) {
}
}
}
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读文件
先看效果图:
读取了100000000行,花了18341 也就是18秒。而且无论原始文件多大都不会OOM 。
思想
先将大原始文件拆分成小文件。
开多线程分批行读取。
代码: (这种方法不合适,太耗时了!!!后面有更高效的方法只要700毫秒)
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException, InterruptedException, IOException {
int totals = 100000000;
int segment = 20;
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(segment);
// 将文件拆分
long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
splitFileByLine("E:\\last.txt", "E:\\", totals / segment);
System.out.println("拆分文件耗時: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - s));
AtomicInteger incr = new AtomicInteger(1);
AtomicInteger total = new AtomicInteger(0);
CountDownLatch downLatch = new CountDownLatch(segment);
for (int i = 1; i <= segment; i++) {
service.execute(() -> {
try {
readFile("E:\\last-" + incr.getAndIncrement() + ".txt", line -> {
//这里千万不要 打印 line , 太耗时了
total.getAndIncrement();
});
} finally {
downLatch.countDown();
}
});
}
downLatch.await();
System.out.println("读取文件总耗时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - s) + " , 读取数据行:" + total.get());
service.shutdown();
}
/**
* 按行分割文件
*
* @param sourceFilePath 为源文件路径
* @param targetDirectoryPath 文件分割后存放的目标目录
* @param rows 为多少行一个文件
*/
public static int splitFileByLine(String sourceFilePath, String targetDirectoryPath, int rows) {
String sourceFileName = sourceFilePath.substring(sourceFilePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator) + 1,
sourceFilePath.lastIndexOf("."));// 源文件名
String splitFileName = targetDirectoryPath + File.separator + sourceFileName + "-%s.txt";// 切割后的文件名
File targetDirectory = new File(targetDirectoryPath);
if (!targetDirectory.exists()) {
targetDirectory.mkdirs();
}
PrintWriter pw = null;// 字符输出流
String tempLine;
int lineNum = 0;// 本次行数累计 , 达到rows开辟新文件
int splitFileIndex = 1;// 当前文件索引
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(sourceFilePath)))) {
pw = new PrintWriter(String.format(splitFileName, splitFileIndex));
while ((tempLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
if (lineNum > 0 && lineNum % rows == 0) {// 需要换新文件
pw.flush();
pw.close();
pw = new PrintWriter(String.format(splitFileName, ++splitFileIndex));
}
pw.write(tempLine + "\n");
lineNum++;
}
return splitFileIndex;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return -1;
} finally {
if (null != pw) {
pw.flush();
pw.close();
}
}
}
public interface Callback {
public void onReceive(String line);
}
/**
* 大文件读取
*
* @param filePath
*/
public static void readFile(String filePath, Callback callback) {
File file = new File(filePath);
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file), 20 * 1024 * 1024); // 如果是读大文件,设置缓存
String tempString = null;
while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
callback.onReceive(tempString);
}
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
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读取待优化点
可以换成NIO的切割文件方式,这是我读取一亿行数据耗时结果图:
切分成20个文件,耗时 :743ms 。 加上读取一起耗时: 3252 ms。 有质的提升!!!
切分后的文件截图:
注意事项:
NIO切割指定的是字节数, 这里要进行一定的操作(避免将一行的整数切分到两个不同的文件)。