2012-10-19傻可樂《新概念三笔记》…

Lesson 56 Our neighbour, the river 河流，我们的邻居

boundary n. 界线；边界
pump v. 用泵抽
overtake v. 突然降临
backwater n. 回水河汊
predecessor n. 前任，前辈
meadow n. 草地，草场
crown v. 给……戴花环
holly n. 一种冬青植物
wreath n. 花环
occurrence n. 偶发事件
proportion n. 部分
site v. 使位于
spell v. 招致，带来
stall n. 牲口棚
attic n. 顶楼
sweeping adj. 范围广大的
critical adj. 危急的
juncture n. 时刻，关头
raft n. 木筏
unduly adv. 过度地
foundations n. 地基
stoutly adv. 牢固地，粗壮的
submerge v. 浸没
grapple v. 抓住

 

1、boundary ['baundəri] n.(不可数) 边界，界线

inside the boundary   .

在这个范围之内

of 表示两个部分的相交边界;  inside 表示在某个边界线的范围内

①   边界，分界线(+between)

the boundary between  两者之间的边界。

The river is the boundary  between the two countries.这条河是两国的边界.

②  the boundaries of ……的界线，所处范围(物质的)

The boundaries of knowledge  知识的范围，知识面

 

2、pump  [pʌmp]  v. 用泵抽  n 泵  bump敲击

We have a pump for pumping water from the well.我们用一个水泵从井里抽水。

We have to pump from the river for farm use

At the farm there was an old-fashioned pump for drawing water from a well.

在农场，有一个老式的水泵将水从井里抽出。

It is autumn and they are pumping water out of the swimming pool.

入秋了，他们用泵将游泳池的水抽出。

draw 画画往外抽取/提取 draw some money 取钱

 

3、overtake   [,əuvə'teik]   vt  突然降临(尤指坏的事，坏天气)

1.  vt.  突然降临(坏的事，坏天气)

Sickness  overtook me an hour later 一个小时之后，我就感到恶心

He was overtaken by misfortune  他突然遭遇不幸。

It's dangerous to overtake at a corner.

2. vt. 追上;赶上;超过(catch up with)

I had to walk very fast to overtake you .为了赶上你,我不得不走。

 

超车很危险

No one can overtake him

没人能超过他

Exports have already overtaken last year's figure.

出口量超过了去年

A storm overtook the little boat.

小船遭遇了暴风雨

The film star was overtaken with another trouble.

这个电影明星又遇到了其他的问题

 

4、backwater    ['bæk,wɔ:tə]   n. 回水；河汊

Sometimes we go to upstream to favorite backwater.

I find this town too much of a backwater. 

我觉得这个城镇太闭塞。

 

5、predecessor ['pri:disesə]   n.  前任;   原有事物; 前辈; 祖先

The decision was made by my predecessor .那一决定是我前任作出的。

As a scholar he is not in the same street with his predecessors.

作为一个学者，他远远不如他的前辈。

Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors?

 

6、meadow ['medəu] n. 草地，草场

(glassland ,especially used for growing hay.)

a lawn ; a green ; grass 牧场

The meadow is peopled with wild flowers.

这个草场长满了野花

 

7、crown  [kraun]   vt. 给…戴花环

n. 王冠；花冠  (桂冠：古时候用月桂树枝条编的花环)

vt . 加冕;

(rhetoric修辞)

form or cover the top of sth.

The hill is crowned with woods.山顶长满了树。

Beautiful fair hair  crowns her head .她长了一头浅色的秀发。

I crown you打击某人头部

Hit sb on the head.打击(某人)头部

At the coronation, the archbishop put a crown on the Queen's head.

加冕礼上，大主教给皇后待皇冠

Crowns and thrones may perish.

王权会消亡。

He was crowned heavy weight boxing champion.

 

8、holly ['hɔli] n. 一种冬青植物

 

9、wreath [ri:θ] n. 花环

花圈, 花环, 花冠

lay a wreath /wreaths献花圈

a laurel wreath 桂冠

 

10、occurrence   [ ə'kʌrəns] n.  偶发事件

occurrence /incident /event/ 事件

occurrence为中性词，并不是特指某些类型的事；

event (an event is often a happening of importance)；

incident(两个极端)  一是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，二是暴力冲突；

Their wedding will be a great event他们的婚礼将是一件大事。

Divorce has become an everyday occurrence/incident 离婚已经成为每天都有的事了。

The occurrence of storms delayed our trip.

暴风雨的突然来临延误我们的行程

Newspapers record the chief occurrences of the day.

保障报道了这天的偶发事件

 

11、proportion   [prəˈpɔːʃ(ə)n]  n. 部分

proportion 部分；比例(面积，体积成分上的)    part物质上的一部分     section

过去式：proportioned 过去分词：proportioned 现在分词：proportioning 复数：proportions

His success bore no proportion to his abilities.

 

12、site  [sait]  v.使位于

site 原本是一个名词地点，场所      website  网站

名词活用变为动词，成为：为……选址，设置，相当于place

在中文同样还有：项王军壁垓下 The king of xiang site Gia xia

壁：本意军营营垒，活用为动词驻扎

 

The site for the new factory has not been decided yet.

新工厂的地点还没有确定

Protective helmets must be worn on site.

The site of the battle of Waterloo is in Belgium.

It is safe to site a company here.

 

13、spell  [spel]  v  招致，带来(常指不好的)

have sth as a result ; mean 招致(某事物)；意味着

The failure of their crop spelt disaster for the peasant armers.作物歉收农民要受灾

Flooding can sometimes spell disaster

spellbind    v   迷人，迷住

v.拼写, 拼成, 导致, 暂时代替

n.咒语, 魔力, 一段时间, 一阵发作, 轮班

The pupils learn to spell in school.

 

14、stall  [stɔ:l] n牲口棚

 

15、attic ['ætik]  n 顶楼

 

16、sweeping   ['swi:piŋ]  adj.范围广大的

(having an extremely wide effect ; far reaching)

sweep   v 打扫      sweeping  范围广大的, 横扫千军

sweeping reforms 全面改革   sweeping revolution全面革命

revolution  n.革命，旋转

The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.

His sweeping remarks offended many people.

 

17、critical ['kritikəl] adj. 危急的

be of vital importance 生死攸关

adj.批评的, 挑剔的, 决定性的, 危险的

We are at a critical time in histor

We must inherit in a critical way.

我们要批判的继承

 

18、juncture  ['dʒʌŋktʃə]  n.时刻，关头

at this juncture在这个节骨眼上

 

19、raft [rɑ:ft, ræft]   n.木筏

筏，橡皮船

 

20、unduly [,ʌn'dju:li]  adv.过度地

undue 不适当的

due  适当，节制

相当于overmuch，overly，in excess

We’re not unduly worried.

我们并没有过度的担忧

 

21、foundations  [faun'deiʃənz]  n.地基

foundation 基础

 

22、stoutly  ['stautli]  adv.牢固地 ，粗壮的

 

23、submerge  [səb'mə:dʒ] v.浸没

1. v.浸没

The flood submerged the farmland山洪淹没了农田

2.v 湮没，埋没

His talent was submered by his shyness他的腼腆湮没了他的才能。

submarine  潜水艇

The submarine can submerge very quickly.

The river overflowed and submerged the farmland.

河水泛滥，浸没了农田

 

24、grapple  ['ɡræpl]  v.抓住

做"抓住"意思相当于grasp

还有意思：扭打格斗

He grappled with the robber他和抢劫犯扭打在一起

n.  抓住, 掌握

v.  抓住, 抓牢; 与...扭打, 与...格斗; 抓住; 努力解决; 扭打, 格斗

She grappled with the bank robber, but was thrown to the ground.

I’ve spent all afternoon grappling with these accounts.

I could not grasp her meaning

我不能理解她的意思

How does the idea of a holiday in Spain grab you?