说明:
- 此服务器上已经有一个正常运行的oracle实例sitedb1,开机自启动,一个监听。
- 已有一个用户oracle,所属用户组dba。
- oracle环境变量:ORACLE_SID=sitedb1 ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app
- 新建的实例叫sitedb4
1. 切换到oracle用户,创建实例目录,这些目录都是ORACLE进程遇到错误或用户手动TRACE时或数据存放需要的:
【注意:下面的红色地方必须为要新建的实例的名字。】
[root@centossitedb1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@centossitedb1 oradata]$ ORACLE_SID=sitedb4
[oracle@centossitedb1oradata]$ export ORACLE_SID
[oracle@centossitedb1oradata]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
[oracle@centossitedb1 oradata]$ sitedb4
[oracle@centossitedb1 oradata]$ mkdir -p/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/adump;mkdir -p /data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/bdump;
[oracle@centossitedb1oradata]$ mkdir -p /data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/cdump;mkdir -p/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/udump;
[oracle@centossitedb1oradata]$ mkdir -p /data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/pfile;mkdir -p/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4;
2. 创建密码文件,红色地方为密码文件的名字,规则是orapw+实例名,此时即为orapwsitedb4:
【注意:有可能不同的版本密码文件所在位置不同,找到dbs目录,并看里边是否已经有已经存在的实例的密码文件。以此例,此dbs目录下已经orapwsitedb1文件。】
[oracle@centossitedb1 oradata]$ orapwdfile=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/dbs/orapwsitedb4 password=turboblogentries=5 force=y
3. 创建.ora参数文件,所在目录和第2步中的相同。文件名规则为init+实例名,此时即为initsitedb4.ora。将已经存在的实例的参数文件复制修改即可。
比如,此目录中已有一个已存在实例的参数文件,这里为initsitedb1.ora。
[oracle@centossitedb1 oradata]$ cd$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/dbs/
[oracle@centossitedb1dbs]$cp initsitedb1.ora initsitedb4.ora
修改文件内容,注意红色地方都需要修改为我们新建的实例名sitedb4。
【注意:这些目录都是在第一步中已经建好的,都是应该存在的。undo_tablespace的值需要记住,创建数据库实例的时候需要用到】
修改后如下:
sitedb4.__db_cache_size=17934843904
sitedb4.__java_pool_size=16777216
sitedb4.__large_pool_size=16777216
sitedb4.__shared_pool_size=2298478592
sitedb4.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/control01.ctl','/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/control02.ctl','/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='sitedb4'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/data/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(protocol=tcp)(dispatchers=3)(service=sitedb4XDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=6759120896
*.processes=500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=20277362688
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/udump'
4. 创建建库脚本:
CREATE DATABASE sitedb4
CONTROLFILE REUSE
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo01.log') SIZE 10MREUSE,
GROUP 2('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo02.log') SIZE 10M REUSE,
GROUP 3('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo03.log') SIZE 10M REUSE
DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/system01.dbf' SIZE 500M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
sysaux datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/sysaux01.dbf' size 120Mreuse autoextend on next 10240K maxsize unlimited
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE500M
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
TEMPFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/temp01.dbf' SIZE 500M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 10M
NOARCHIVELOG
MAXDATAFILES 1000
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
MAXLOGFILES 10;
创建数据库,注意红色字体文件路径,并且还有数据库编码:
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$ sqlplus "/assysdba"
SQL> SHUTDOWN immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomountpfile=/data/oracle/product/10.2/dbs/initsitedb4.ora
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes
FixedSize 1220820 bytes
VariableSize 163581740 bytes
Database Buffers 436207616 bytes
RedoBuffers 7163904 bytes
SQL> CREATE DATABASE sitedb4
2 CONTROLFILE REUSE
3 LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo01.log') SIZE 10M REUSE,
4 GROUP 2 ('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo02.log')SIZE 10M REUSE,
5 GROUP 3 ('/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/redo03.log')SIZE 10M REUSE
6 DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/system01.dbf' SIZE 500M
7 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
8 sysaux datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/sysaux01.dbf' size 120M reuse autoextend onnext 10240K maxsize unlimited
9 UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS3DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 500M
10 DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
11 TEMPFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/sitedb4/temp01.dbf' SIZE 500M
12 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 10M
13 NOARCHIVELOG
14 MAXDATAFILES 1000
15 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
16 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
17 MAXLOGFILES 10;
Database created.
备注:如果此步骤执行失败,则需要查看trc日志,日志放在/data/oracle/admin/sitedb4/udump路径下
5. 创建数据字典:
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;
SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;
6. 启动数据库,保证目前的实例是新增的实例:
SQL>exit;
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$ ORACLE_SID=sitedb4
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
sitedb4
SQL> startup force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 608174080 bytes
FixedSize 1220820 bytes
VariableSize 167776044 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312bytes
RedoBuffers 7163904 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
用system帐号登录,查看默认用户,默认密码是manager:
SQL> conn system/manager;
Connected.
SQL> select username from all_users;
USERNAME
------------------------------
DBSNMP
TSMSYS
DIP
OUTLN
SYSTEM
SYS
6 rows selected.
==================================================================================
此时,一个新的oracle实例就添加完毕了
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
7. 配置开机启动数据库实例
很多时候我们需要所有的实例都是开机自启动,则需要做以下的修改:
新增下面一行
[root@centossitedb1 oracle]# vi /etc/oratab
sitedb1:/data/oracle/product/10.2:Y
sitedb4:/data/oracle/product/10.2:Y
然后拷贝一份:
[root@centossitedb1oracle]# cp /etc/oratab /var/opt/oracle/oratab
8. 配置监听
Ø 如果需要远程链接,监听中增加此实例即可。修改listener.ora:
[root@centossitedb1 oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$cd $ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/network/admin
[oracle@centossitedb1 ~]$ vi listener.ora
增加标红节点:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = sitedb1)
(ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/10.2)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = sitedb2)
(ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/10.2)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = sitedb3)
(ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/10.2)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = sitedb4)
(ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/10.2)
)
)
Ø 重启监听服务
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start
Ø 客户端配置tns:
sitedb4 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST =11.11.11.11)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER =DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = sitedb4)
)
)