LDD学习课程之二

 一直想要写第三章的学习结果，但是一直处于没有时间和精神黯然的状态，所以搁置了。趁中午贴上代码：

 地三章，我写了一个简单的scull程序，首先把全部代码都贴出来。

 

scull.c，有点乱

#include <linux/init.h>// #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/kernel.h>//container_of #include <linux/cdev.h>//struct cdev结构定义 #include <linux/uaccess.h>//内核代码与用户空间之间的移动数据的函数 #include <linux/fs.h>//file system 需要的函数 /*********************************************************** *description:一个简单的字符设备驱动 *Author: ALLEN *Date : 2010-08-13 ************************************************************/ /*******定义一个scull_cdev结构体，包含cdev**********************/ struct scull_cdev { int quantum; int qset; struct semaphore sem; struct cdev cdev ; }; static dev_t dev ;//定义一个设备号 static int scull_major,scull_minor;//定义主从设备号 dev = MKDEV(scull_major,scullminor static struct scull_cdev * sculldev; /************************************************************ * 定义文件操作函数 *************************************************************/ static void ClearScull(struct scull_cdev * cull); static int scull_open(struct inode* ,struct file*); static ssize_t scull_read(struct file*,char __user* ,size_t,loff_t *); static ssize_t scull_write(struct file*,const char __user* ,size_t,loff_t*); static int scull_release(struct inode*,struct file*); /*************************************************************** *初始化一个file_operations ****************************************************************/ struct file_operations scull_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .open = scull_open, .read = scull_read, .write = scull_write, .release = scull_release, }; /**************************************************************** *初始化设备号，采用动态或者静态的分配方法 *Get_dev_num 对全局变量进行操作 *返回分配的结果状态 ****************************************************************/ static int Get_dev_num(void) { int result; if(scull_major) { dev = MKDEV(scull_major,scull_minor); result = register_chrdev_region(dev,1,"scull"); } else { result = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev,0,1,"scull"); scull_major = MAJOR(dev); scull_minor = MINOR(dev); } return result; } /*************************************************************** *将scull_cdev结构初始化，并将cdev加入到内核中 * ***************************************************************/ static void scull_setup_dev(struct scull_cdev * devs) { int err; cdev_init(&devs->cdev,&scull_fops); devs->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE; devs->cdev.ops = &scull_fops; err = cdev_add(&devs->cdev,dev,1); if(err) printk(KERN_ALERT"SCULL_SETUP_DEV err: %d/n",err); } static void ClearScull(struct scull_cdev * cull) { unregister_chrdev_region(dev,1); kfree(cull); } /*************************************************************** *description:系统加载模块时需要调用的函数 *初始化时，需要有 主设备号，次设备号 *初始化struct cdev结构 *初始化struct scull_dev结构 *将cdev添加到内核中 ****************************************************************/ static int __init scull_init(void) { int result ; result=0; scull_major =0; result = Get_dev_num(); if(result<0){ printk(KERN_WARNING"scull:can't get get major: %d/n",scull_major); return result; } sculldev =(struct scull_cdev *)kmalloc(sizeof(struct scull_cdev),GFP_KERNEL); if(!sculldev) { result = -ENOMEM; goto end; } memset(sculldev,0,sizeof(struct scull_cdev)); scull_setup_dev(sculldev); printk(KERN_WARNING"SCULL device has opened..../n"); return 0 ; end: ClearScull(sculldev); return result; } /*************************************************************** *exit * ****************************************************************/ static void __exit scull_exit(void) { ClearScull(sculldev); cdev_del(&sculldev->cdev); printk(KERN_ALERT"exit has hanppen"); } /*************************************************************** *description: scull_open打开设备时调用的一个函数 * ***************************************************************/ static int scull_open(struct inode* inode ,struct file* filep) { struct scull_cdev* sdev; sdev = container_of(inode->i_cdev,struct scull_cdev,cdev); filep->private_data = sdev; printk(KERN_ALERT"THE DRIVER HAS OPEN.../n"); return 0 ; } /**************************************************************** *description: scull_read为设备读写操作 *Date:2010-08-14 *****************************************************************/ static ssize_t scull_read(struct file* filep,char __user* usrp ,size_t count ,loff_t * fopsl) { char Getthin[]="this is scull driver"; printk(KERN_ALERT"SCULL_READ,未操作file...../n"); copy_to_user(usrp,Getthin,count);//21 printk(KERN_ALERT"SCULL has read:%s /n",Getthin); return 0 ; } /****************************************************************** *description:scull_write为设备执行写操作 *Date:2010-08-14 ******************************************************************/ static ssize_t scull_write(struct file* filep,const char __user* usrp ,size_t count ,loff_t * fopsl) { char* Putthin= kmalloc(sizeof(char),count); copy_from_user(Putthin,usrp,count); printk(KERN_ALERT"SCULL has write: %s /n",Putthin); return 0; } /**************************************************************** *释放资源函数 *Date:2010-08-14 *****************************************************************/ static int scull_release(struct inode* inode,struct file* filep) { return 0; } module_init(scull_init); module_exit(scull_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

 

 这是一个相对来说比较完整的scull程序，当然file_operations结构体中部分没有大部分实现。

 地三章主要介绍了这么几个部分：

 

  主设备号和次设备号

  如何动态和固定的注册一个设备号

  如何将设备驱动模块注册到内核当中

  上层应用程序和驱动程序间如何通信

  内核空间的内存操作