在windows下编程,为了统计某个算法的执行效率,一般都要统计该算法完成一定操作所需的时间。通常的做法是,在算法执行之初调用GetTickCount()获得当前的时间,然后在算法执行之后再调用一次,两者相减即得到算法的执行时间。
但这种做法忽略了一个重要事实,那就是windows事实上是一个多任务系统,算法执行的时间事实上只占用了所得时间的一部分,因此获得的结果是不精确的,因此不能作为严格的参照。
这里提供一个类,所得出的是单个线程代码段的执行时间,因此可以认为是比较精确的时间。
#include
<
Windows.h
>
class CThreadTime
... {
public:
void BeginGetElapsedTime();
__int64 EndGetElapsedTime();
private:
__int64 FileTimeToQuadWord(PFILETIME pft);
private:
FILETIME ftKernelTimeStart;
FILETIME ftKernelTimeEnd;
FILETIME ftUserTimeStart;
FILETIME ftUserTimeEnd;
FILETIME ftDummy;
} ;
// Get the time elapsed since the thread start
inline void CThreadTime::BeginGetElapsedTime()
... {
GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &ftDummy, &ftDummy, &ftKernelTimeStart, &ftUserTimeStart);
}
// Calculate the time elapsed
inline __int64 CThreadTime::EndGetElapsedTime()
... {
GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &ftDummy, &ftDummy, &ftKernelTimeEnd, &ftUserTimeEnd);
__int64 qwKernelTimeElapsed = FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftKernelTimeEnd) - FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftKernelTimeStart);
__int64 qwUserTimeElapsed = FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftUserTimeEnd) - FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftUserTimeStart);
// Get total time duration by adding the kernel and user times.
// the default is 100ns, so we convert it to ms
return (qwKernelTimeElapsed + qwUserTimeElapsed) / 10000;
}
inline __int64 CThreadTime::FileTimeToQuadWord(PFILETIME pft)
... {
return (Int64ShllMod32(pft->dwHighDateTime, 32) | pft->dwLowDateTime);
}
class CThreadTime
... {
public:
void BeginGetElapsedTime();
__int64 EndGetElapsedTime();
private:
__int64 FileTimeToQuadWord(PFILETIME pft);
private:
FILETIME ftKernelTimeStart;
FILETIME ftKernelTimeEnd;
FILETIME ftUserTimeStart;
FILETIME ftUserTimeEnd;
FILETIME ftDummy;
} ;
// Get the time elapsed since the thread start
inline void CThreadTime::BeginGetElapsedTime()
... {
GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &ftDummy, &ftDummy, &ftKernelTimeStart, &ftUserTimeStart);
}
// Calculate the time elapsed
inline __int64 CThreadTime::EndGetElapsedTime()
... {
GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &ftDummy, &ftDummy, &ftKernelTimeEnd, &ftUserTimeEnd);
__int64 qwKernelTimeElapsed = FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftKernelTimeEnd) - FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftKernelTimeStart);
__int64 qwUserTimeElapsed = FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftUserTimeEnd) - FileTimeToQuadWord(&ftUserTimeStart);
// Get total time duration by adding the kernel and user times.
// the default is 100ns, so we convert it to ms
return (qwKernelTimeElapsed + qwUserTimeElapsed) / 10000;
}
inline __int64 CThreadTime::FileTimeToQuadWord(PFILETIME pft)
... {
return (Int64ShllMod32(pft->dwHighDateTime, 32) | pft->dwLowDateTime);
}
该类的使用方法如下:
CThreadTime ElapsedTime;
ElapsedTime.BeginGetElapsedTime();
// TODO: Your performance code
int nThreadTine = ElapsedTime.EndGetElapsedTime();
ElapsedTime.BeginGetElapsedTime();
// TODO: Your performance code
int nThreadTine = ElapsedTime.EndGetElapsedTime();
最后得到的即是代码段执行的实际时间。
注:本代码实现思路来自于《windows核心编程》。