ArkUI 应用媒体 网络与连接
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深开鸿-孙炼 只看该作者 发表于 2024-5-20 16:18:55
前言
在智能设备应用生态中,音乐播放器用户量巨大,用户活跃度非常高。在电子消费领域,主流的音乐播放器都是播放网络音乐的场景,播放本地音乐仅是一个使用率很低的功能。
然而,OpenHarmony 自带的音乐播放器,以及 Sample 仓的示例,都是播放本地音乐的场景,缺少播放网络音乐的开发示例。
因此,本文实现了一个播放网络音乐的音乐播放器应用实例,配合音乐网站服务,就可以进行网络音乐播放。
功能
播放器功能主要包括:
1、从服务器获取歌曲信息(播放器首页)
2、播放控制(播放详情页)
3、播放列表
架构
应用结构及其和服务器的交互关系:
本例主要实现了网络歌曲播放和信息展示,用户暂不关注。
实现
0、权限
ohos.permission.INTERNET
ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING
1、歌曲信息查询及展示
歌曲元数据:
export default class AudioItem {
title: string = '';
artist: string = '';
id: string = '0'
isPlaying: boolean = false;
constructor(title: string, artist: string, id:string) {
this.title = title;
this.artist = artist;
this.id = id;
}
}
歌曲列表元数据:
import AudioItem from './AudioItem';
/**
* List item data entity.
*/
export default class PlayList {
/**
* Text of list item.
*/
title: string;
/**
* Image of list item.
*/
img: Resource;
/**
* Other resource of list item.
*/
others?: string;
subTitle: string
list: AudioItem[] = []
constructor(title: string, img: Resource, subTitle: string, list: AudioItem[], others?: string) {
this.title = title;
this.img = img;
this.others = others;
this.subTitle = subTitle;
this.list = list;
}
}
获取歌曲列表:
import http from '@ohos.net.http'
getListFromServer() {
this.playLists = [];
try {
let httpRequest = http.createHttp()
httpRequest.request(ServerConstants.ALL_SONGS_URL, (err: Error, data: http.HttpResponse) => {
if (!err) {
console.info('HttpResponse Result:' + data.result);
let aPlayingList: AudioItem[] = Array<AudioItem>();
const jsonObject: object = JSON.parse(data.result as string);
Object.keys(jsonObject).forEach((key) => {
aPlayingList.push(new AudioItem(jsonObject[key].name, jsonObject[key].singer, jsonObject[key].id));
});
this.playLists.push(new PlayListData('全部歌曲', $r('app.media.icon'), aPlayingList.length + '首',
aPlayingList, ''));
} else {
console.info('HttpResponse error:' + JSON.stringify(err));
}
});
} catch (err) {
console.info('HttpRequest error:' + JSON.stringify(err));
}
}
展示歌曲列表:
Grid() {
ForEach(this.playLists, (item: PlayListData) => {
GridItem() {
PlayListItem({ item })
}
})
}
.margin(12)
.columnsTemplate('1fr 1fr 1fr')
.columnsGap(8)
.rowsGap(12)
.width('90%')
使用网络 URL 展示歌曲封面:
Column() {
Row() {
Text(this.item.subTitle)
.fontSize(16)
.margin(8)
.fontColor(Color.White)
Blank()
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_play_white'))
.width(20)
.height(20)
.margin(8)
}
.width('100%')
}
.borderRadius(12)
.backgroundImage(this.item.list.length > 0 ? ServerConstants.SONG_IMAGE_URL + this.item.list[0].id : this.item.img)
.backgroundImageSize(ImageSize.Cover)
.width(120)
.height(120)
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceBetween)
2、播放控制,播放器后台任务注册
import media from '@ohos.multimedia.media';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';
import AudioItem from '../model/AudioItem';
import Logger from '../utils/Logger';
import emitter from '@ohos.events.emitter';
import ServerConstants from '../manager/ServerConstants';
import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.resourceschedule.backgroundTaskManager';
import wantAgent, { WantAgent } from '@ohos.app.ability.wantAgent';
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';
export default class PlayerManager {
private tag: string = 'PlayerManager';
private isSeek: boolean = false;
private avPlayer: media.AVPlayer | undefined = undefined;
private list: AudioItem[] = [];
private currentTime: number = 0;
private currentDuration: number = 0;
private item: AudioItem = new AudioItem('', '', '');
private listPosition: number = 0;
private state: string = ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_UNKNOWN;
private listTitle: string = '';
private emitterOptions: emitter.Options = {
priority: emitter.EventPriority.HIGH
};
// 注册avplayer回调函数
setAVPlayerCallback(avPlayer: media.AVPlayer) {
// seek操作结果回调函数
avPlayer.on('seekDone', (seekDoneTime: number) => {
console.info(`PlayerManager seek succeeded, seek time is ${seekDoneTime}`);
})
// error回调监听函数,当avPlayer在操作过程中出现错误时调用 reset接口触发重置流程
avPlayer.on('error', (err: BusinessError) => {
console.error(`Invoke PlayerManager failed, code is ${err.code}, message is ${err.message}`);
avPlayer.reset(); // 调用reset重置资源,触发idle状态
})
// 状态机变化回调函数
avPlayer.on('timeUpdate', (time: number) => {
//console.info('AVPlayer state timeUpdate:'+time);
this.currentTime = time;
let eventData: emitter.EventData = {
data: {
"currentTime": this.currentTime,
"currentDuration": this.currentDuration
}
};
emitter.emit(ServerConstants.UPDATE_TIME_EVENT_ID, this.emitterOptions, eventData);
})
avPlayer.on('durationUpdate', (time: number) => {
console.info('PlayerManager state durationUpdate:' + time);
this.currentDuration = time;
})
avPlayer.on('stateChange', async (state: string, reason: media.StateChangeReason) => {
this.state = state;
let eventData: emitter.EventData = {
data: {
"state": state,
}
};
emitter.emit(ServerConstants.UPDATE_STATE_EVENT_ID, this.emitterOptions, eventData);
switch (state) {
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_IDLE: // 成功调用reset接口后触发该状态机上报
console.info('PlayerManager state idle called.');
avPlayer.release(); // 调用release接口销毁实例对象
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_INITIALIZED: // avplayer 设置播放源后触发该状态上报
console.info('PlayerManager state initialized called.');
avPlayer.prepare();
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_PREPARED: // prepare调用成功后上报该状态机
console.info('PlayerManager state prepared called.');
avPlayer.play(); // 调用播放接口开始播放
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_PLAYING: // play成功调用后触发该状态机上报
console.info('PlayerManager state playing called.');
this.list[this.listPosition].isPlaying = true;
this.startContinuousTask();
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_PAUSED: // pause成功调用后触发该状态机上报
console.info('PlayerManager state paused called.');
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_COMPLETED: // 播放结束后触发该状态机上报
console.info('PlayerManager state completed called.');
avPlayer.stop(); //调用播放结束接口
this.next();
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_STOPPED: // stop接口成功调用后触发该状态机上报
console.info('PlayerManager state stopped called.');
this.stopContinuousTask();
this.currentTime = 0;
Logger.info(this.tag, 'Stop:' + this.item.title);
avPlayer.reset(); // 调用reset接口初始化avplayer状态
break;
case ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_RELEASED:
console.info('PlayerManager state released called.');
break;
default:
console.info('PlayerManager state unknown called.');
break;
}
})
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
playList(listTitle: string, list: AudioItem[], item: AudioItem): void {
this.stop();
if (list.length <= 0) {
Logger.error(this.tag, 'PlayList:' + 'list length <= 0');
return;
}
this.list = list;
this.listTitle = listTitle;
this.play(item);
}
getCurrentPlayList(): AudioItem[] {
return this.list;
}
/**
* 播放
*/
resume(): void {
if (this.state === ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_PAUSED) {
if (this.avPlayer !== undefined) {
this.avPlayer.play();
}
}
}
/**
* 播放
*/
play(item: AudioItem): void {
this.stop();
Logger.info(this.tag, 'Play finish:' + this.listPosition.toString());
let index = -1
if (item !== undefined) {
index = this.list.indexOf(item)
}
if (-1 === index) {
this.listPosition = 0;
} else {
this.listPosition = index;
}
Logger.info(this.tag, 'Play :' + this.listPosition.toString());
this.item = this.list[this.listPosition]
this.avPlayerLive(ServerConstants.PLAY_SONG_URL + this.item.id);
}
/**
* 暂停
*/
pause(): void {
if (this.avPlayer !== undefined) {
this.avPlayer.pause();
}
}
/**
* 停止
*/
stop(): void {
if (this.avPlayer !== undefined) {
this.avPlayer.stop();
if (this.list.length > this.listPosition) {
this.list[this.listPosition].isPlaying = false;
}
}
}
/**
* seek
*/
seek(duration: number): void {
if (this.avPlayer !== undefined && this.isSeek) {
this.avPlayer.seek(duration);
}
}
/**
* 下一首
*/
next(): void {
let newPosition = 0;
if (this.listPosition + 1 === this.list.length) {
newPosition = 0;
} else {
newPosition = this.listPosition + 1;
}
Logger.info(this.tag, 'Play next:' + newPosition.toString());
this.play(this.list[newPosition]);
}
/**
* 上一首
*/
previous() {
let newPosition = 0;
if (this.listPosition === 0) {
newPosition = 0;
} else {
newPosition = this.listPosition - 1;
}
Logger.info(this.tag, 'Play previous:' + newPosition.toString());
this.play(this.list[newPosition]);
}
//播放顺序
setPlayMode() {
}
getItem(): AudioItem {
return this.item;
}
getListTitle(): string {
return this.listTitle;
}
getState(): string {
return this.state;
}
async avPlayerLive(url: string) {
// 创建avPlayer实例对象
if (this.avPlayer === undefined) {
this.avPlayer = await media.createAVPlayer();
this.setAVPlayerCallback(this.avPlayer);
} else {
this.avPlayer.release();
this.avPlayer = await media.createAVPlayer();
this.setAVPlayerCallback(this.avPlayer);
}
console.info('PlayerManager state url:' + url);
this.avPlayer.url = url;
}
startContinuousTask() {
let wantAgentInfo: wantAgent.WantAgentInfo = {
wants: [
{
bundleName: "com.example.avplayer",
abilityName: "EntryAbility"
}
],
operationType: wantAgent.OperationType.START_ABILITY,
requestCode: 0,
wantAgentFlags: [wantAgent.WantAgentFlags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG]
};
try {
wantAgent.getWantAgent(wantAgentInfo).then((wantAgentObj: WantAgent) => {
try {
backgroundTaskManager.startBackgroundRunning(AppStorage.get('APPContext') as common.UIAbilityContext,
backgroundTaskManager.BackgroundMode.AUDIO_PLAYBACK, wantAgentObj).then(() => {
console.info("PlayerManager Operation startBackgroundRunning succeeded");
}).catch((error: BusinessError) => {
console.error(`PlayerManager Operation startBackgroundRunning failed. code is ${error.code} message is ${error.message}`);
});
} catch (error) {
console.error(`PlayerManager Operation startBackgroundRunning failed. code is ${(error as BusinessError).code} message is ${(error as BusinessError).message}`);
}
});
} catch (error) {
console.error(`PlayerManager Operation getWantAgent failed. code is ${(error as BusinessError).code} message is ${(error as BusinessError).message}`);
}
}
// cancel continuous task
stopContinuousTask(): void {
try {
backgroundTaskManager.stopBackgroundRunning(AppStorage.get('APPContext') as common.UIAbilityContext).then(() => {
console.info("PlayerManager Operation stopBackgroundRunning succeeded");
}).catch((error: BusinessError) => {
console.error(`PlayerManager Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed. code is ${(error as BusinessError).code} message is ${(error as BusinessError).message}`);
});
} catch (error) {
console.error(`PlayerManager Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed. code is ${(error as BusinessError).code} message is ${(error as BusinessError).message}`);
}
}
}
展示播放详情:
Column() {
Image(ServerConstants.SONG_IMAGE_URL + this.item.id)
.width('300vp')
.height('300vp')
.borderRadius('200vp')
.margin('50vp')
.rotate({ angle: this.rotateAngle })
.animation({
duration: 3600,
curve: Curve.Linear,
delay: 500,
iterations: -1, // 设置-1表示动画无限循环
playMode: PlayMode.Normal
})
Row() {
Column() {
Text(this.item.title).fontSize('18fp')
Row() {
Text(this.item.artist).fontSize('16fp')
.fontColor('#303030')
Text('关注')
.fontSize('14fp')
.fontColor('#303030')
.backgroundColor('#f0f0f0')
.borderRadius('6vp')
.padding({ left: '4vp', right: '4vp' })
}
}.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Start)
Blank()
Stack() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_favor'))
.width('36vp')
.height('36vp')
Text('100w+').fontSize('10fp')
.backgroundColor('#ffffff')
.margin({ left: '24vp' })
}.alignContent(Alignment.Top)
.margin({ right: '8vp' })
Stack() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_comments'))
.width('36vp')
.height('36vp')
Text('10w+').fontSize('10fp')
.backgroundColor('#ffffff')
.margin({ left: '24vp' })
}.alignContent(Alignment.Top)
}
.width('80%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceBetween)
}.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceAround)
.onClick(() => {
this.contentSwitch = false;
})
播放控制条(进度条及控制按钮):
Row() {
Progress({ value: this.currentTime, total: this.durationTime, type: ProgressType.Linear })
.width('80%')
.height(30)
}.width('100%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
Row() {
Text(CommonUtils.formatTime(this.currentTime/1000)).fontSize('12fp')
Text('无损').fontSize('12fp')
Text(CommonUtils.formatTime(this.durationTime/1000)).fontSize('12fp')
}.width('80%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceBetween)
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_list_cycle'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(42)
.height(42)
.margin({ right: 12, left: 8 })
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_play_last'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(42)
.height(42)
.margin({ right: 12, left: 8 })
.onClick(() => {
this.PlayerManager.previous();
})
if (this.state === ServerConstants.PLAYER_STATE_PLAYING) {
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_pause'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(48)
.height(48)
.margin({ right: 12, left: 8 })
.onClick(() => {
this.PlayerManager.pause();
})
} else {
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_play'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(48)
.height(48)
.margin({ right: 12, left: '8vp' })
.onClick(() => {
this.PlayerManager.resume();
})
}
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_play_next'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(42)
.height(42)
.margin({ right: 12, left: 8 })
.onClick(() => {
this.PlayerManager.next();
})
Image($r('app.media.ic_public_view_list'))
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.width(42)
.height(42)
.margin({ right: 12, left: 8 })
.onClick(() => {
animateTo({ duration: 350 }, () => {
this.isShowPlayList = true;
})
})
}.width('100%')
.height(64)
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceEvenly)
3、服务器 API
本地搭建一个音乐内容服务器,提供 Rest API,需要根据实际服务器地址修改:
static readonly SERVER_HOST = 'http://192.168.62.240:8000/';
/**
* All songs URL
*/
static readonly ALL_SONGS_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'all_songs';
/**
* English songs URL
*/
static readonly ENGLISH_SONGS_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'english_songs';
/**
* Song Image URL
*/
static readonly SONG_IMAGE_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'get_song_img/';
/**
* Play songs URL
*/
static readonly PLAY_SONG_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'play_song/';
static readonly SERVER_HOST = 'http://192.168.62.240:8000/';
/**
* All songs URL
*/
static readonly ALL_SONGS_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'all_songs';
/**
* English songs URL
*/
static readonly ENGLISH_SONGS_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'english_songs';
/**
* Song Image URL
*/
static readonly SONG_IMAGE_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'get_song_img/';
/**
* Play songs URL
*/
static readonly PLAY_SONG_URL = this.SERVER_HOST + 'play_song/';
总结
本例实现了网络音乐的播放、展示、控制功能,后续通过加入用户鉴权和信息管理、创建个性化歌单等功能,即可以构成完整的网络音乐应用。
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