C++ 串操作

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
/*
 * Created by HarvestWu on 2018/6/1.
 */
using namespace std;
typedef struct Str
{
    char *ch;   //指向动态分配存储区首地址的字符指针
    int length; //串长度
}Str;
//串赋值
int strAssign(Str &str,char *ch)
{
    if(str.ch)
        free(str.ch);
    int len=0;
    char *c=ch;
    while (*c)  //求ch串长度
    {
        ++len;
        ++c;
    }
    if(len==0)
    {
        str.ch= nullptr;
        str.length=0;
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        str.ch=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(len+1));
        if (str.ch== nullptr)
            return 0;
        else
        {
            c=ch;
            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i,++c)
            {
                str.ch[i]=*c;
            }
            str.length=len;
            return 1;
        }
    }
}
//获取串长度
int strLength(Str str)
{
    return str.length;
}
//串比较
int strCompare(Str str1,Str str2)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < str1.length&& i < str2.length; ++i)
    {
        if(str1.ch[i] != str2.ch[i])
            return str1.ch[i] - str2.ch[i];
    }
    return str1.length - str2.length;
}

//串连接
int concat(Str &str,Str str1,Str str2)
{
    if (str.ch)
    {
        free(str.ch);
        str.ch= nullptr;
    }
    str.ch = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(str1.length+str2.length+1));
    if(str.ch== nullptr)
        return 0;
    int i = 0;
    while (i < str1.length)
    {
        str.ch[i] = str1.ch[i];
        ++i;
    }
    int j = 0;
    while (j <= str1.length)
    {
        str.ch[i+j] = str2.ch[j];
        ++j;
    }
    str.length = str1.length + str2.length;
    return 1;
}
int subString(Str &subStr,Str str,int pos,int len)
{
    if (pos<0||pos>=str.length||len<0||len>str.length-pos)
        return 0;
    if(subStr.ch)
    {
        free(subStr.ch);
        subStr.ch= nullptr;
    }
    if(len==0)
    {
        subStr.ch= nullptr;
        subStr.length=0;
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        subStr.ch=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*len+1);
        int i = pos;
        int j = 0;
        while (i<pos+len)
        {
            subStr.ch[j]=str.ch[i];
            ++i;
            ++j;
        }
        subStr.ch[j]='\0';
        subStr.length=len;
        return 1;
    }
}
//串清空
int clearString(Str &str)
{
    if(str.ch)
    {
        free(str.ch);
        str.ch= nullptr;
    }
    str.length=0;
    return 1;
}

void display(Str str)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length; ++i)
    {
        printf("%c",str.ch[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
    char *s;
    s= const_cast<char *>("this is str1");
    Str str1,str2;
    strAssign(str1,s);
    printf("str1 is:\n");
    display(str1);

    printf("the length of str1 is: %d\n",strLength(str1));
    s= const_cast<char *>("this is str2");

    strAssign(str2,s);
    printf("str2 is:\n");
    display(str2);
    printf("the length of str2 is %d\n",strLength(str2));

    Str str;
    concat(str,str1,str2);
    printf("the concat str is: \n");
    display(str);

    Str subStr;
    subString(subStr,str1,1,3);
    printf("the subString is: \n");
    display(subStr);

    clearString(str2);
    printf("the length of str2 is: %d\n",strLength(str2));


}