基于How To Tango With Django 1.9的重新实践（0-5）

我使用的Django版本为1.10，之前参照How To Tango With Django1.7做的乱七八糟的好是心烦，遂重新又做了一遍

新版本的文件树如下

C:.
├─.idea
│ └─inspectionProfiles
├─media
├─rango
│ ├─migrations
│ └─__pycache__
├─static
│ ├─css
│ ├─images
│ └─js
├─tango_with_django_project
│ └─__pycache__
└─templates
└─rango

tango_with_django_project/__init__.py文件内容如下

import pymysql

#初始化MySQL数据库
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

tango_with_django_project/setting.py文件内容如下

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
TEMPLATE_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')
STATIC_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
MEDIA_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [STATIC_DIR, ]


MEDIA_ROOT = MEDIA_DIR

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'qpzp$-bape)6cn^t#ziu2wqa3to4plor3kr_69+g(l07zq#l8y'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rango',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'tango_with_django_project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [TEMPLATE_DIR,]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                'django.template.context_processors.media',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tango_with_django_project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'tango_with_django_project',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'rootdjangotest',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

tango_with_django_project/urls.py文件内容如下

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    url(r'^rango/', include('rango.urls')),
]+static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

populate_rango.py文件内容如下

import os
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE',
                       'tango_with_django_project.settings')

import django
django.setup()
from rango.models import Category, Page

def populate():

    python_pages = [
        {"title": "Official Python Tutorial",
         "url":"http://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/"},
        {"title":"How to Think like a Computer Scientist",
         "url":"http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/"},
        {"title":"Learn Python in 10 Minutes",
         "url":"http://www.korokithakis.net/tutorials/python/"} ]

    django_pages = [
        {"title":"Official Django Tutorial",
         "url":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/intro/tutorial01/"},
        {"title":"Django Rocks",
         "url":"http://www.djangorocks.com/"},
        {"title":"How to Tango with Django",
         "url":"http://www.tangowithdjango.com/"}]

    other_pages = [
        {"title":"Bottle",
         "url":"http://bottlepy.org/docs/dev/"},
        {"title":"Flask",
         "url":"http://flask.pocoo.org"} ]

    cats = {"Python": {"pages": python_pages},
            "Django": {"pages": django_pages},
            "Other Frameworks": {"pages": other_pages} }

    for cat, cat_data in cats.items():
        c = add_cat(cat)
        for p in cat_data["pages"]:
            add_page(c, p["title"], p["url"])

    # Print out the categories we have added.
    for c in Category.objects.all():
        for p in Page.objects.filter(category=c):
            print("- {0} - {1}".format(str(c), str(p)))

def add_page(cat, title, url, views=0):
    p = Page.objects.get_or_create(category=cat, title=title)[0]
    p.url=url
    p.views=views
    p.save()
    return p

def add_cat(name):
    c = Category.objects.get_or_create(name=name)[0]
    c.save()
    return c

# Start execution here!
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("Starting Rango population script...")
    populate()

tango_with_django_project/rango/admin.py文件内容如下

from django.contrib import admin
from rango.models import Category, Page

admin.site.register(Category)
admin.site.register(Page)

tango_with_django_project/rango/models.py文件内容如下

from django.db import models

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = 'Categories'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Page(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    url = models.URLField()
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

tango_with_django_project/rango/urls.py文件内容如下

from django.conf.urls import url
from rango import views

urlpatterns=[
    url(r'^$',views.index,name='index'),
    url(r'^about/', views.about, name='about')
]

tango_with_django_project/rango/views.py文件内容如下

from django.shortcuts import render

def index(request):
    context_dict={'boldmessage': "Crunchy, creamy, cookie, candy, cupcake!"}
    return render(request,'rango/index.html',context=context_dict)


def about(request):
    myContext="Hello World!"
    return render(request,'rango/about.html',{'myContext':myContext})

index页面

about页面

admin页面

5.Models and Databases——Exercises

Now that you’ve completed this chapter, try out these exercises to reinforce and practice what you have learnt. Once again, note that the following chapters will have expected you to have completed these exercises! If you’re stuck, there are some hints to help you complete the exercises below.

• Update the Category model to include the additional attributes views
  and likes where the default values for each are both zero (0).

• Make the migrations for your app and then migrate your database to
  commit the changes.

- Update your population script so that the Python category has 128
views and 64 likes, the Django category has 64 views and 32 likes,

• Delete and recreate your database, populating it with your updated
  population script.

• Complete parts two and seven of the official Django tutorial. These
  sections will reinforce what you’ve learnt on handling databases in
  Django, and show you additional techniques to customising the Django
  admin interface.
• Customise the admin interface. Change it in such a way so that when
  you view the Page model, the table displays the category, the name of
  the page and the url - just like in the screenshot shown below. You
  will need to complete the previous exercises or at least go through
  the official Django Tutorial to complete this exercise.