背包九讲总结

背包九讲总结

n件物品，背包容量为m。
物品体积为v，价值为w。

01背包模板

for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
	for(int j = m; j >= v[i]; j --) {
		dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - v[i]] + w[i]);
	}
}
System.out.println(dp[m]);

完全背包模板

for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
	for(int j = v[i]; j <= m; j ++) {
		dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - v[i]] + w[i]);
	}
}
System.out.println(dp[m]);

多重背包问题

每件物品最多有s件。

for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
	for(int j = m; j >= v[i]; j --) {
		for(int k = 1; k * v[i] <= j && k <= s[i]; k ++) {
			dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - k * v[i]] + k * w[i]);
		}
	}
}
System.out.println(dp[m]);

多重背包的二进制优化

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		int n = in.nextInt();
		int m = in.nextInt();
		int[] v = new int[n];
		int[] w = new int[n];
		int[] s = new int[n];
		int[] dp = new int[m + 5];
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
			v[i] = in.nextInt();
			w[i] = in.nextInt();
			s[i] = in.nextInt();
		}
		ArrayList<Good> ls = new ArrayList<Good>();
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
			for(int k = 1; k <= s[i]; k *= 2) {
				s[i] -= k;
				ls.add(new Good(v[i] * k, w[i] * k));
			}
			if(s[i] > 0) ls.add(new Good(v[i] * s[i], w[i] * s[i]));
		}
		for(int i = 0; i < ls.size(); i ++) {
			for(int j = m; j >= ls.get(i).v; j --) {
				dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - ls.get(i).v] + ls.get(i).w);
			}
		}
		System.out.println(dp[m]);
		
	}
	
	static class Good {
		int v, w;
		public Good(int v, int w) {
			this.v = v;
			this.w = w;
		}
	}
}

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		int n = in.nextInt();
		int m = in.nextInt();
		int[] v = new int[n];
		int[] w = new int[n];
		int[] s = new int[n];
		int[] dp = new int[m + 5];
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
			v[i] = in.nextInt();
			w[i] = in.nextInt();
			s[i] = in.nextInt();
		}
		int[] tv = new int[n * 10];
		int[] tw = new int[n * 10];
		int tot = 0;
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
			for(int k = 1; k <= s[i]; k <<= 1) {
				s[i] -= k;
				tv[tot] = v[i] * k;
				tw[tot ++] = w[i] * k;
			}
			if(s[i] > 0) {
				tv[tot] = v[i] * s[i];
				tw[tot ++] = w[i] * s[i];
			}
		}
		for(int i = 0; i < tot; i ++) {
			for(int j = m; j >= tv[i]; j --) {
				dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - tv[i]] + tw[i]);
			}
		}
		System.out.println(dp[m]);
	}

}

混合背包问题

s等于-1表示物品只能用1次，
0表示能用无限次，
大于零表示能用s次。

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		int n = in.nextInt();
		int m = in.nextInt();
		int v, w, s;
		int[] dp = new int[m + 10];
		ArrayList<Node> ls = new ArrayList<Node>();
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
			v = in.nextInt();
			w = in.nextInt();
			s = in.nextInt();
			if(s < 0) ls.add(new Node(-1, v, w));
			else if(s == 0) ls.add(new Node(0, v, w));
			else {
				for(int k = 1; k <= s; k <<= 1) {
					s -= k;
					ls.add(new Node(-1, v * k, w * k));
				}
				if(s > 0) ls.add(new Node(-1, v * s, w * s));
			}
		}
		Node now;
		for(int i = 0; i < ls.size(); i ++) {
			now = ls.get(i);
			if(now.kind < 0) {
				for(int j = m; j >= now.v; j --) {
					dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - now.v] + now.w);
				}
			} else {
				for(int j = now.v; j <= m; j ++) {
					dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - now.v] + now.w);
				}
			}
		}
		System.out.println(dp[m]);
		
	}
	
	static class Node {
		int kind, v, w;
		public Node(int kind, int v, int w) {
			this.kind = kind;
			this.v = v;
			this.w = w;
		}
	}

}