【Android开发】 startActivityForResult() 被弃用问题

startActivityForResult() 被弃用问题

之前说过启动另一个 activity 可以通过用 Activity 类提供的 startActivityForResult() 和 onActivityResult() 的 API 来获取另一个 activity 返回的结果，但是现在我们现在会发现使用这样的 API 产生了错误提示。

'startActivityForResult(Intent!, Int): Unit' is deprecated

    /**
     * Call {@link Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int, Bundle)} from the fragment's
     * containing Activity.
     *
     * @param intent The intent to start.
     * @param requestCode The request code to be returned in
     * {@link Fragment#onActivityResult(int, int, Intent)} when the activity exits. Must be
     *                    between 0 and 65535 to be considered valid. If given requestCode is
     *                    greater than 65535, an IllegalArgumentException would be thrown.
     * @param options Additional options for how the Activity should be started. See
     * {@link Context#startActivity(Intent, Bundle)} for more details. This value may be null.
     *
     * @deprecated use
     * {@link #registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContract, ActivityResultCallback)}
     * passing in a {@link StartActivityForResult} object for the {@link ActivityResultContract}.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("DeprecatedIsStillUsed")
    @Deprecated
    public void startActivityForResult(@SuppressLint("UnknownNullness") Intent intent,
            int requestCode, @Nullable Bundle options) {
        if (mHost == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Fragment " + this + " not attached to Activity");
        }
        getParentFragmentManager().launchStartActivityForResult(this /*fragment*/, intent,
                requestCode, options);
    }

    /**
     * Receive the result from a previous call to
     * {@link #startActivityForResult(Intent, int)}.  This follows the
     * related Activity API as described there in
     * {@link Activity#onActivityResult(int, int, Intent)}.
     *
     * @param requestCode The integer request code originally supplied to
     *                    startActivityForResult(), allowing you to identify who this
     *                    result came from.
     * @param resultCode The integer result code returned by the child activity
     *                   through its setResult().
     * @param data An Intent, which can return result data to the caller
     *               (various data can be attached to Intent "extras").
     *
     * @deprecated use
     * {@link #registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContract, ActivityResultCallback)}
     * with the appropriate {@link ActivityResultContract} and handling the result in the
     * {@link ActivityResultCallback#onActivityResult(Object) callback}.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("DeprecatedIsStillUsed")
    @Deprecated
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        if (FragmentManager.isLoggingEnabled(Log.VERBOSE)) {
            Log.v(FragmentManager.TAG, "Fragment " + this + " received the following in "
                    + "onActivityResult(): requestCode: " + requestCode + " resultCode: "
                    + resultCode + " data: " + data);
        }
    }

不管是 startActivityForResult() 还是 onActivityResult() 都被官方启用了，并且也提供了相应的解决策略，使用 registerForActivityResult() API。

public abstract ActivityResultLauncher<I> registerForActivityResult (ActivityResultContract<I, O> contract, 
                ActivityResultCallback<O> callback)

参数：

• ActivityResultContract：定义生成结果所需的输入类型以及结果的输出类型。
• ActivityResultCallback：是单一方法接口，带有 onActivityResult() 方法，可接受 ActivityResultContract 中定义的输出类型的对象。

返回：

• ActivityResultLauncher： 可用于启动活动或处理准备好的调用的启动器。

val getContent = registerForActivityResult(GetContent()) { uri: Uri? ->
    // Handle the returned Uri
}

如果您有多个使用不同协定或需要单独回调的 activity 结果调用，则可以多次调用 registerForActivityResult()，以注册多个 ActivityResultLauncher 实例。每次创建 fragment 或 activity 时，都必须按照相同的顺序调用 registerForActivityResult()，才能确保将生成的结果传递给正确的回调。

虽然 registerForActivityResult() 会注册您的回调，但它不会启动另一个 activity 并发出结果请求。这些操作由返回的 ActivityResultLauncher 实例负责。

ActivityResultLauncher 提供了四个公有的方法

类型	方法	描述
abstract ActivityResultContract<I, ?>	getContract()	Get the {@link ActivityResultContract} that was used to create this launcher.
abstract void	unregister()	Unregisters this launcher, releasing the underlying result callback, and any references captured within it.
abstract void	launch(I input, ActivityOptionsCompat options)	Executes an {@link ActivityResultContract}.
void	launch(I input)	Executes an {@link ActivityResultContract}.

如果存在输入内容，启动器会接受与 ActivityResultContract 的类型匹配的输入内容。调用 launch() 会启动生成结果的过程。当用户完成后续 activity 并返回时，系统将执行 ActivityResultCallback 中的 onActivityResult().

val getContent = registerForActivityResult(GetContent()) { uri: Uri? ->
    // Handle the returned Uri
}

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    // ...

    val selectButton = findViewById<Button>(R.id.select_button)

    selectButton.setOnClickListener {
        // Pass in the mime type you'd like to allow the user to select
        // as the input
        getContent.launch("image/*")
    }
}

注意：registerForActivityResult() 必须要写在 fragment 和 activity 创建成功之前，但在 fragment 或 activity 的 Lifecycle 变为 CREATED 状态之前，您无法启动 ActivityResultLauncher。

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